唐三彩的仪器中子活化分析其在两京地区发展轨迹的研究

本文采用仪器中子活化分析技术测定四个主要的唐三彩窑遗址(河南黄冶窑、陕西铜川黄堡窑、长安礼泉坊窑、河北邢窑)以及墓葬、建筑遗址出土唐三彩胎的元素组成,分辨了不同产地唐三彩胎的元素组成差别。而且,本文综合考古资料、实验数据的统计学处理结果,将唐三彩在盛唐时期的发展历程划分为两个阶段,大约以公元705年(武则天退位)为界。前一阶段的唐三彩属于白胎类型,制作中心集中在洛阳地区,唐三彩器主要由黄冶窑制造,大型唐三彩俑由洛阳地区(包括黄冶附近)未被发现的窑场制作。后一阶段唐三彩的制作中心向长安地区转移,该中心的重要产品是红胎唐三彩,同时可能采用外来的原料制作白胎唐三彩,洛阳地区作为唐三彩的另一个制作中心同时存在。进而论证唐三彩器和唐三彩俑存在两个相对独立的发展轨迹。     

"五窦"交游考

唐代宗朝,左拾遗窦叔向工于五言诗,名冠流辈,其五子常(中行)、牟(贻周)、群(丹列)、庠(胄卿)、巩(友封),皆以诗名于当时,人称"五窦",唐褚藏言编《窦氏联珠集》,收五人诗共一百首,《四部丛刊》三编据嘉业堂藏宋刊本影印,弥足珍贵,而《全唐诗》卷二七一收五人诗一百三十首,卷八八三补窦巩诗一首.     

岷江上游的唐代经幢和造像碑

四川汶川县出土的唐代造像碑与经幢,以及佛教石刻造像数件,为研究四川地区南朝以来佛教造像样式、题材内容、传播路线等问题提供了新的资料。     

拉曼光谱技术在仿古玉鉴别中的应用

由热处理法可制得软玉的仿古效果,为古玉的科学鉴定提供理论依据,为此使用拉曼光谱对三组不同颜色的软玉原料及经不同温度热处理所得的样品进行了研究。实验结果表明:经热处理法得到的仿古玉样品的拉曼谱图同未经热处理的软玉原料的拉曼谱图相比在位移上有显著差异。未经热处理的软玉原料在252～395cm~(-1)拉曼位移带的数个谱峰在经热处理得到的仿古玉的谱图中会集中显示为324～327cm~(-1)和389～395cm~(-1)处的两个拉曼峰,在666～668cm~(-1)和1019～1027cm~(-1)处的谱峰会稍向低频方向漂移至662～665cm~(-1)和1007～1010cm~(-1), 510～526cm~(-1)处的拉曼峰会变钝,926cm~(-1)处的谱峰几乎消失,而1304～1310cm~(-1)处的拉曼峰则是经热处理法得到的仿古玉才具有的。因此,1304～1310cm~(-1)处的拉曼峰可作为鉴别经热处理法得到的仿古玉的特征峰。     

徽商衰亡主因探析

徽商的衰亡固然与商帮生存发展的外部社会环境、政策环境发生了重大变化等因素相关,但外部因素并不足以完全摧垮一个盛极一时的商帮集团.本文认为,徽商衰亡的主因,一在于商帮的核心价值观是取儒而非取贾,二在于徽州文化与徽州社会由初期的开放走向封闭,三在于商帮集团的封建性质,三者共同构成了徽商集团走向衰落的内因.     

Hierarchical tendencies and functional patterns among Mainland China’s megaregions

This paper presents an empirical analysis of hierarchical tendencies and functional patterns in the development of Mainland China’s space-economy by operationalizing the concept of “megaregions.” Drawing on the burgeoning literature on megaregions, we first argue that under conditions of economic globalization the megaregion concept does indeed present an effective tool to study the spatial agglomeration of the key components of China’s economic development. Second, we analyze the development status and the key functional characteristics of 16 prospective Chinese megaregions by constructing an index system consisting of 5 functions and 36 indicators. Third, we calculate an entropy index to rank megaregions according to their overall development status and reveal functional differences by applying cluster analysis. We find that the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Metropolitan Area, and the Pearl River Delta stand out, identify different varieties of megaregions according to their dominant functional characteristics, and explore the main policy dimensions of the persistent west–east divides observed. The paper is concluded with a discussion of potential avenues for future research.     

自然灾害志的编纂是灾异志的继承与创新

新编地方志除了综合性志书外,近年还出现了重大事件志、重大自然灾害志等专题志。《江苏省地方志工作条例》规定对本行政区域特别重大自然灾害,县级以上地方人民政府可以决定编纂地方专题志书。新时期编纂自然灾害志,有着鲜明的“资治”功能,其服务现实和现实关怀的意义十分明确。作为一个新的志种,自然灾害志编纂有其显著的特点,也有许多问题值得探索和研究。重大自然灾害的突发性要求自然灾害志的编纂应尽早尽快启动。自然灾害志的内容架构,以灾害发生、抢险救灾和灾后重建的过程为线索,依次展开记述,记述的出发点是总结救险救灾的经验,为今后的抗灾救灾提供借鉴。     

邮轮旅游供应链的旅行社激励机制研究:组织游客奖励还是营销推广扶持?

考虑到旅行社在我国邮轮旅游销售供应链中的重要性,邮轮港口所在地政府为推进邮轮旅游产业发展,普遍对旅行社实施两种激励政策——组织游客奖励与营销推广扶持。但两类激励政策对当地政府、邮轮公司及旅行社的效益影响尚不明确。本文首先建立“政府-邮轮公司-旅行社”三阶段主从博弈模型,以研究两种激励政策对两企业运营决策的作用机理,并给出政府在最大化市场需求目标下的最优激励政策。其次,借助数值仿真实验分析了不同情形下基于最优激励政策时市场需求和企业利润的变化。结果表明:站在政府角度,激励政策有两种选择——仅采取营销推广激励或者两种激励方式并存,而且最优激励设计受到补贴预算、旅行社营销推广能力及其岸上游收益的影响。站在旅行社角度,作为激励政策的直接受益方,其定价与营销努力决策会受到两类激励方式的不同影响;而对于营销推广能力较强的旅行社,可以依赖于政府奖励适当提高船票价格,以改善当前国内邮轮市场的低价竞争。站在邮轮公司角度,即使自身没有直接得到激励资金,其仍能间接获得激励政策所带来的红利。研究结论可为政府的邮轮旅游激励政策的设计提供理论参考,并为邮轮公司与旅行社在面对政府财政干预时提供决策建议。     

Following the Money: Corruption,Conflict, and the Winners and Losers of Suburban Land Acquisition in China

Land acquisition in suburban China is not merely the administrative means through which land is transferred from collectively owned rural land to state‐owned urban land; it is also a process of unlawful profit grabbing by rent‐seeking stakeholders. This licentiousness has been the source of intense controversy in recent years, becoming a major source of social unrest in contemporary China. Although standards of compensation are legally governed by strict policies, these standards are rarely followed as prescribed. As a result, we know very little about how revenue from land acquisition is shared in practice. This is because, as a contentious political issue rife with corrupt practices, accurate data are extremely difficult to obtain. This paper aims to address this vast empirical gap by tracing the flow of profit proliferation and distribution in a land acquisition case, using a suburban village in Shandong province, China, as an example. To expedite the drawn‐out acquisition process, the local government permits the corrupt behaviour of the village party secretary, who exploits his position to amass a great personal fortune. In contrast to previous research, which emphasises low compensation standards or excessive profit grabbing by local government, we find that villagers' protests are triggered by the corrupt practices of the village party secretary.     

拨开迷雾见真伪——试析青锐其人其说

20世纪30年代,在西方历史哲学传入中国的过程中,译者青锐对当时所有的历史哲学著作进行了批判,唯独推崇他本人所译的拉波播尔的《历史哲学》。通过考证,我们发现青锐和叶青等,都是任卓宣的笔名。他对其它历史哲学著作的批判有失偏颇,而他本人的历史哲学观点,更是对西方历史哲学的生搬硬套。