望京楼遗址出土青铜器研究

望京楼遗址是夏商时期重要邑聚,为了解该遗址铜器制作工艺水平,通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜对2010~2012年新郑望京楼遗址出土的青铜器样品进行组织与成分分析和探讨。该批铜器未见青铜容器,仅有小件工具和兵器。但仍可初步反映出望京楼遗址出土的青铜器材质多样化和加工方式非单一性;对望京楼铜器分析反映出该区域使用锻打应该有了一定积累并在此基础上能依据材质和器物薄厚、尺寸选择工艺,对锻打技术认知度较高。望京楼铜器具有的原始性,应属于铜合金使用的早期阶段。研究表明,商代对于器物成分与性能关系的认识程度比之前得到提高。器物是本地制作还是外来还需要更多材料证明。     

Charting the development of social and cultural geography in Mainland China: voices from the inside*

This article provides an overview of the recent development of social and cultural geography in China. It discusses six major bodies of work: cultural areas, cultural diffusion and cultural integration; geographies of ethnic cultures; cultural landscape and cultural economy; place and place-based cultural politics; marginal social groups; and geographies of social injustice. Although social and cultural geography is still located on the periphery of the disciplinary landscape of Chinese human geography, it is nonetheless developing into a noteworthy field of research. We start this review by calling attention to some problems in epistemologies and analytical approaches. Social and cultural geography in China often suffers from an analytical separation between environment and culture as ontologically enclosed entities. Also, it pays insufficient attention to the mutually constitutive relations between the social and the spatial. However, more recent studies have begun to engage with constructionist/poststructuralist approaches, and develop less positivist interpretations of space, social relations and cultural meanings. This review suggests that social and cultural geography in China needs to develop broader research scopes and strengthen theoretical frameworks. It concludes by calling for constructive dialogues between Chinese and Western human geographical scholarships.     

张瑞图与其陶诗书册

在中国书法史的发展长河中,张瑞图是一个十分重要的人物。他是一个难得一见的书法奇才,他作品中流露出来的那种纵横飞荡的激情和气势,那种率意挥毫的自如和洒脱,那种前无古人的崭新面貌,那种对观者视觉和心灵的强烈冲击和震撼,都无可争议地表明他在书法史上的特殊意义,使其成为晚明书坛上挑战传统、标新立异的开创者之一,与书坛巨擘董其昌并称＂南张北董＂,又与董其昌、邢侗、     

宣州制笔业的兴衰及其成因探析

宣笔在中国毛笔发展史上具有重要地位,不仅是唐宋时期毛笔的杰出代表,而且对湖笔等毛笔制作技艺的发展产生过重要影响。宣笔兴起的主因是拥有原料优势,持续蓬勃发展的动力是掌握核心技艺和不断推陈出新,最终走向衰落则受到政治、经济、文化等社会因素变迁的影响。     

吕海寰与清末国防述略

吕海寰曾在甲午战争、日俄战争和英军侵藏等关键时刻,积极参与有关国防的各种活动,针对时局世变与各种具体问题,提出了一系列客观见解和切实可行的办法,体现出强烈的爱国情怀.这样一位在中国近代史上起过重要作用的历史人物一直未能得到学界的重视,这是不应该的.     

Wrathful Ancestors,Corporate Sorcerers: Rituals gone Rogue in Merauke,West Papua

Anthropological studies of ritual ‘failure’ challenge the assumed efficacy of ritual in affirming the social order. Drawing from fieldwork in West Papua, I examine the ‘failure’ and ‘success’ of two rain‐making ceremonies – one hosted by an indigenous Marind expert, the other by an Indonesian oil palm corporation. Participants conceived the failure of the first ritual as a punishment meted by ancestral spirits against Marind who support agribusiness expansion. Meanwhile, the success of the corporate ceremony confirmed rumours that corporations wield foreign and powerful forms of sorcery. Drawing on Gregory Bateson's notion of the double bind, I suggest that the ritual outcomes dramatize the irreconcilable demands placed on Marind by custom and capitalism. Attempts to endorse agribusiness incur ancestral punishment, while efforts to oppose it are thwarted by the superior power of corporate sorcerers. In this context, I argue, the moral implications of the corporate ritual's unexpected ‘success’ prove just as problematic as those of the customary ritual's dramatic ‘failure’. Co‐opted yet efficacious, corporate rituals point to a new social order in which both Marind and their ancestral spirits find themselves subjected to foreign sources of supernatural control.     

Understanding the Field of Public Affairs through the Lens of Ranked Ph.D. Programs in the United States

The goal of this article is to understand the multidisciplinary field of public affairs. Based on data and text mining on the profiles and publications of all faculty members from a list of research‐oriented U.S. public affairs programs, we describe the landscape of public affairs schools and scholars, identify 15 topics in public affairs research and discuss their trends of change between 1986 and 2015, and show the clustering and hiring networks of public affairs schools. Our results suggest a broader approach to understanding the field of public affairs than the public administration focus in the literature. Although public administration is highly visible in the field, which is evidenced by the journals most favored by public affair scholars, various specific policy areas (such as health, social, urban, environmental, global, and education policies) show strong representations based on our topical analysis of public affairs research.     

A Comparative Study on Economies of Harappa and Erlitou Sites

Harappa and Erlitou are representative sites of the Indus and early Chinese civilizations respectively. With different geographical environments, the two regions took different paths to civilization. The Indus civilization established early“city-states” based on regional groups. Under the influence of the loose power structure of the“city-states,” the Harappan culture formed an open economic system that was market-oriented. Foreign trade was prosperous and played an important role in its economy. The early Chinese civilization established a wide-area kingship state. Under the influence of the pyramidal power structure, the economic system of the Erlitou culture was dominated by the state and served the ruling class. Foreign trade accounted for a low proportion of its economy. Differences between the two sites are the epitome of those between the development patterns of the two early civilizations and have important research value.     

中国古代汉唐都城形制的演进——由曹魏太极殿谈唐长安城形制的渊源

中国古代都城形制的发展演变,是一个继承传统、不断发展、逐渐完善的过程,尤其两汉到隋唐时期的都城形制变化极为明显。本文以近年来曹魏至北魏洛阳宫城的考古发现为重要突破点,结合文献和考古勘察资料,对两汉至隋唐时期的各个重要都城进行对比研究,探讨了中国古代都城从两汉时期的多宫形制,到魏晋南朝时期的居北居中单一宫城形制,再到北朝时期的三重城圈形制,最后形成隋唐时期中轴对称的坊市制新型国际商贸大都市,为向以后更繁盛的开放式商业都市发展奠定了基础。其都城形制和格局的变化轨迹清晰,发展演变具有延续性和开创性,既沿承了传统的汉地都城制度,又有适应新的社会发展状况的创造。总之,隋大兴唐长安城作为这个时期都城的鼎盛之作,其都城形制产生的源头源自曹魏洛阳城,对汉唐时期的都城形制进行研究,探索其中的各种渊源和汉化因素,在中国古代都城发展史及整个东亚地区古代文化与文明的发展进程中,都具有重要的意义。     

以诸贤意法 绘千尺琅玕——苏州博物馆藏王翚《水竹幽居图》赏析及其他馆藏

<正>苏州顾氏过云楼旧藏《赵天裕、柯九思、赵原、顾安、张绅、吴镇六家墨竹卷》(简称元《七君子图》)和《王翚水竹幽居图卷》两幅珍贵书画于苏州博物馆建馆50周年之际正式被我馆收藏,实乃苏州文物史上的一段佳话。王石谷(1632-1717年)《水竹幽居图卷》(图1)引首为手绘百花笺,纸亦古旧。画面以平远法展开江南柳塘小景,湖面静阔,岸边茅屋、小桥,远处山岭隐现,溪水迂回,绕坡入湖。前景坡岸