全文获取类型
收费全文 | 323篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 14篇 |
2013年 | 27篇 |
2012年 | 21篇 |
2011年 | 18篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 17篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 20篇 |
2003年 | 12篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 5篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有336条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
Ying Zhu 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(2):292-306
As traditional business organizations that played an important role in China’s economy, guilds have faced unprecedented challenges
in modern times due to the invasion of Western capitalism and the changes of the traditional Chinese economic structure. It
was difficult to maintain the old guild rules, such as limitations on opening new workshops, recruiting new apprentices, etc.
Thus, some guilds that insisted on maintaining the old rules fell into decline, while other guilds, either willingly or unwillingly,
made reforms in their organization and structural function to adjust themselves to the new situations. The latter gradually
transformed into the modern trade association. The different fates of traditional guilds proved that guilds had to reform
properly and adapt themselves to new economic and social environments in order to survive in modern times.
__________
Translated from: Jiangsu Shehui Kexue 江苏社会科学 (Jiangsu Social Sciences), No.2, 2004 相似文献
152.
Atmospheric deterioration of Qin brick in an environmental chamber at Emperor Qin's Terracotta Museum, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T.F. Hu S.C. Lee J.J. Cao W.K. Ho K.F. Ho J.C. Chow J.G. Watson B. Rong Z.S. An 《Journal of archaeological science》2009,36(11):2578-2583
Potential mechanisms for the changing appearance of Qin terracotta was evaluated on simulated bricks with, SO2, NH3, O3, and a NH3/O3 mixture for total dosages of 2.2–5.4 ppm-years. Changes in the surface composition and appearance were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM–EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). No observable changes with O3 exposure were found. Sulfate as sulfur and ammonium as nitrogen increased by 1.2 at% and 0.8 at% of the surface deposit as determined by XPS. O3 did not have a detectable effect by itself, but when combined with NH3, NO3 as nitrogen increased by 1.5 at%, indicating a strong oxidation of NH3 to nitric acid. The combination of outdoor O3 infiltration with indoor NH3, presumably from the visitors, appears to have a greater potential for damage than either pollutant by itself. SEM–EDX mapping of the surface showed sulfur associated with calcium and magnesium compounds after SO2 exposure, but not before. More detailed microscopic examination showed this primarily in the form of gypsum, especially near cracks and pits in the surface. Both of these mechanisms are probably among the causes of changes in terracotta appearances since they were unearthed in 1974. 相似文献
153.
The main aim of this paper is to propose a model for measuring the sustainability level of historic urban quarters and to indicate an appropriate strategy for their revitalization. Based on this aim, this study first presents the theoretical review on the concept of “revitalization”, and its relationship with sustainability; next, it introduces the characteristics, role, selection process and scaling method of sustainability indicators, which are essential for measuring the level of sustainability. The paper then, as the main contribution of this paper, proposes the model for measuring the level of sustainability in historic urban quarters and determines some proposals to achieve revitalized and sustainable historic urban quarters. Depending on the proposed model, there is a direct relationship between type and the level of obsolescence (revitalization) and the level of sustainability in the physical, economic and social structures of a particular area. Therefore, when the level of sustainability is high in any one of these three structures, it means that the level of obsolescence is low in the same structures of an historic urban quarter. The result of this paper leads us to say that, the level of sustainability is a new (additional) input in the strategic planning process of revitalization and sustainable urban revitalization of historic urban quarters. Finally, the paper concludes with a brief summary on the general arguments of the paper. 相似文献
154.
155.
根据要想追溯青铜器铜矿料来源,必须先了解古铜矿及其冶炼金属产物的微量元素和同位素特征,研究其输出方向这一思路,以前期提出的以较高含量的Se、Te、Ni(Co/Ni大多小于1)、Ag、Au等及相对低含量的Sb、Bi、Mo等作为安徽铜陵等地古铜矿冶炼产物一铜锭产地的特征指示元素为综合判别标志,用等离子发射光谱仪对皖南沿江地区出土的部分青铜器进行多元素分析。结果表明,样品Tc2007、Tc2005、fc12所用铜料不大可能来自铜陵地区,其余样品可能来自当地。鼎、(虚瓦)等大件样品可能在其它地区铸造后传人本地。研究结果说明,利用微量元素判断青铜器铜矿料来源是可行的。 相似文献
156.
历代耀州窑釉料渊源关系的初步分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
耀州窑是我国古代名瓷窑。为了探讨历代耀州窑釉料之间的渊源关系,用中子活化分析(NAA)技术测定古耀州瓷釉样品和耀州窑博物馆附近粘土矿样品中29种元素的含量,将这批NAA数据进行模糊聚类分析,得到动态模糊聚类分析图。结果表明:唐代的黑瓷釉原料产地非常集中,矿料成分单纯。宋代青瓷釉料配方比较稳定,五代青瓷具有承前启后的作用。金代月白釉料成分和宋代青瓷釉料接近。唐三彩蓝釉料与其他耀州瓷釉料来源明显不同。 相似文献
157.
158.
胡莺 《古籍整理研究学刊》2004,(4):19-23
上博藏战国楚竹书《诗论》一经公布,便在学术研究领域引起了强烈的震撼。鉴于《诗论》对解决《诗经》相关问题所具有的重大价值,学们纷纷进行探讨。特别是关于《诗论》作的研究,更成为竹书整理和研究过程中的热点话题。而由探讨《诗论》作所引发的对于出土献的研究方法的思考,则更应引起学们的注意。 相似文献
159.
160.
遗传基因技术与三峡考古实践 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
遗传基因技术是新兴起的前沿学科领域,将这一方法应用于三峡考古的实践在国内还是首次。本通过对重庆库区石地磅汉代墓地出土人类遗骨基因的采样、测试和分辨,得出了墓主人可能是南方土居民初步认识,这一认识与考古类型学分析结果可以互证。 相似文献