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91.
David Castaño 《European Review of History》2017,24(1):1-16
After two turbulent years in which different pathways for the future of the political and institutional framework of Portugal clashed, the country began a process of consolidation of the democratic institutions delineated between 1975/6. However, the role played by the military in the fall of the previous dictatorial regime and the fragility of the new democratic institutions did not allow their immediate withdrawal from political life. The President of the Republic was a military man and the political parties had agreed to maintain an unelected sovereign body, the Council of the Revolution, which only dissolved in 1982. Based on primary sources that only recently became available, this article presents some elements that help to understand the success of democratic consolidation in Portugal. This long process should not be interpreted as a confrontation between civilians, desirous to put an end to military tutelage, and the military, who at all costs sought to keep their privileges. The dividing line should be placed between those who defended the maintenance of the status quo, and the supporters of military subordination to the civil power. 相似文献
92.
Ximena Briceño 《Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies (Travesia)》2017,26(2):299-319
The article examines Vidas secas (1938) by Brazilian writer Graciliano Ramos as bridging biopolitical reflections on animality and new materialist reflections on animal studies. By tracing the bond between canine and human in Vidas secas as a canine melancholia, from Lacanian extimité into Donna Haraway’s species companionship, I expose the implicit theory of animality of the novel as an interspecies politics of survival. In doing this, I present a new frame of interpretation for the novel that places its particular kind of melancholia as untimely contemporary. 相似文献
93.
Ayça Alemdaroğlu 《Social & Cultural Geography》2017,18(5):603-622
Drawing on ethnographic research in an upper-class district in Turkey, this article examines social and spatial experiences of young low-wage service workers who travel daily back and forth between their homes in low-income neighbourhoods and their jobs in gated communities, upscale shopping malls and corporate offices. The paper argues that the significance of upper class districts or gated communities for urban inequality lies not in the sites themselves, nor the lifestyles of their elite inhabitants as commonly treated in the literature, but rather in the ways in which they relate to the outside and outsiders. Within this framework, the paper analyses the district’s effect on urban spatial segregation and urbanites’ sense of place in society. While resentment and reaction to inequalities and upper class customers are prevalent in young workers’ narratives, workers’ class subjectivities are also marked by a sense of mobility and liminality between the upper middle classes in their work district and their families, friends and neighbours back home. This sense of socio-spatial ‘in-betweenness’ is reinforced by being young, hence a sense of temporal liminality between youth and adulthood. The study contributes to the understanding of urban inequality at the intersection of spatial, emotional and temporal experiences of urbanites. 相似文献
94.
ABSTRACTAlthough many experimental tests and numerical models are available in the literature, the numerical simulation of the seismic response of existing masonry buildings is still a challenging problem. While the nonlinear behavior of masonry structures is reasonably predictable when the out-of-plane behavior can be considered inhibited, when the in-plane and out-of-plane responses coexist and interact, simplified models seem unable to provide reliable numerical predictions. In this article, taking advantage of the experimental tests carried out in a shaking table on two masonry prototypes at LNEC, a macro-element approach is applied for the numerical simulations of their nonlinear response. The adopted approach allows simulating the nonlinear behavior of masonry structures considering the in-plane and out-of-plane responses. Since it is based on a simple mechanical scheme, explicitly oriented to representing the main failure mechanisms of masonry, its computational cost is greatly reduced with respect to rigorous solutions, namely nonlinear FEM approaches. Two modeling strategies are adopted, namely a regular mesh independent from the real texture of the prototypes and a detailed one coherent with the units disposal. The numerical results are discussed and the correlation between the nonlinear static analyses and the dynamic response is provided. 相似文献
95.
Nuno Mendes Alexandre A. Costa Paulo B. Lourenço Rita Bento Katrin Beyer Gianmarco de Felice 《International Journal of Architectural Heritage》2017,11(1):59-71
ABSTRACTEarthquakes cause severe damage to masonry structures due to inertial forces acting in the normal direction to the plane of the walls. The out-of-plane behavior of masonry walls is complex and depends on several parameters, such as material and geometric properties of walls, connections between structural elements, the characteristics of the input motions, among others. Different analytical methods and advanced numerical modeling are usually used for evaluating the out-of-plane behavior of masonry structures. Furthermore, different types of structural analysis can be adopted for this complex behavior, such as limit analysis, pushover, or nonlinear dynamic analysis.Aiming to evaluate the capabilities of different approaches to similar problems, blind predictions were made using different approaches. For this purpose, two idealized structures were tested on a shaking table and several experts on masonry structures were invited to present blind predictions on the response of the structures, aiming at evaluating the available tools for the out-of-plane assessment of masonry structures. This article presents the results of the blind test predictions and the comparison with the experimental results, namely in terms of formed collapsed mechanisms and control outputs (PGA or maximum displacements), taking into account the selected tools to perform the analysis. 相似文献
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99.
Miller Emily May Sally K. Goldhahn Joakim Taçon Paul S. C. Cooper Victor 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2022,26(2):316-337
International Journal of Historical Archaeology - It has been argued that laundry blue (whitener) was introduced into western Arnhem Land in the second half of the 1920s by missionaries, where it... 相似文献
100.
Alexandre B. Gonçalves José Almeida Helena Rua 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2016,20(2):229-248
As the largest part of military usage of the territory depends on a thorough analysis of its morphology, spatial analysis with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software reveals a great potential as a way for studying battlefields and/or other military buildings and scenarios from the past, while supporting interpretations of territorial occupation and related organization of military forces through event simulation. This paper presents a GIS-based method to model and assess the permeability of historical defensive systems from the period that preceded the mechanization of warfare of the late nineteenth century, i.e., based on artillery installed in fortifications. The method was applied to analyze the permeability of the Lines of Torres Vedras (LTV) defensive system, a multi-line fortification complex which was operational during the Peninsular War in the beginning of the nineteenth century and located north of Lisbon, Portugal. The structures of the LTV and local terrain were modelled in GIS using a set of proposed parameters that support territorial analysis, combined with the capability of contemporary weaponry. A methodical quantification and combination of these parameters enabled a better understanding of the systemic design of the defensive lines in terms of its permeability, contributing to a discussion of the LTV particular military setting based on the interpretation of these indicators. Global and sectorial analyses of the permeability of the LTV defensive system were conducted. 相似文献