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91.
Pablo Alonso González 《International Journal of Heritage Studies》2013,19(3):264-279
This paper explores the function and role of museums in revolutionary Cuba between 1959 and 1990. Drawing on a variety of hitherto unexplored archives and interviews with bureaucrats of the Cuban heritage field, the paper argues that there is a close relation between museum production, the prevailing narration of nation, internal power struggles within the regime and the changing relation with the USSR. Museums were considered primary tools for historical production and politico-ideological socialisation. These were two fundamental issues for communist regimes, concerned with fixing cultural identity and affirming historical continuity. The paper focuses on the case of the Museum of the Revolution to argue that Cuban museums changed in conjunction with the increasing crypto-colonial relations of subordination to the USSR. In the first, humanist and Universalist phase, museums served to expand culture and spread a nationalist-revolutionary narrative of nation. The second period after 1975 witnessed the institutionalisation and Sovietisation of Cuban museums. This involved their transformation into a device to instil a nationwide homogeneous class-based Marxist–Leninist narrative adapted to Cuba from the Soviet model. This ideological closure of museum production contributed to the ideological and identity-building objectives of the regime. 相似文献
92.
Hugo R. Oliveira Huw Jones Fiona Leigh Diane L. Lister Martin K. Jones Leonor Peña-Chocarro 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2011,3(4):327-341
Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) was one of the first cereals to be domesticated in the Old World ca. 10,000 years ago and to spread towards Europe and
North Africa. Its cultivation declined before the Iron Age and it remains today only as a relic crop in remote areas. To investigate
if the geographic distribution of genetic diversity in modern einkorn landrace accessions could be informative about the movement
of this crop during prehistory, we genotyped 50 accessions of einkorn from Europe, North Africa and the Near East. Using nuclear
and chloroplast microsatellites and clustering methods, we detected two main gene pools in einkorn. The distribution of these
lineages revealed differences between accessions from Morocco and the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of Europe and the Near
East and suggests different regional dynamics in the spread of this crop. 相似文献
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This article examines the “repertories” of family life of men of Afghan background in Odessa, Ukraine. It focuses on these men's intimate relationships with “local women” and challenges the notion that such unions merely offer a form of emotional escape for migrants or refugees far from home. Instead, we advance two arguments: first, that Afghan men in Ukraine form part of a complex transnational trading network, rather than a bounded group of refugees or migrants; second, that the cross-community relationships between Afghan men and “local women” play a significant role in the spatial anchoring and commercial fortunes of transnational Afghan traders in Ukraine. In the analysis of our ethnographic data, we consider the importance of the aftermath of the Cold War in shaping the diverse forms of family life within these trading networks. 相似文献
95.
Pablo Turrero María José Domínguez-Cuesta Montserrat Jiménez-Sánchez Eva García-Vázquez 《Journal of archaeological science》2013
The aim of this study is to assess the influence of human site location choice on biogeographical and paleoecological studies based on archaeological remains, through a case study in north-western Spain. Data from an exhaustive literature survey and field trips were managed with GIS and subjected to statistical analyses. The results show that the influence of the different variables shifted through the Palaeolithic, although certain general preferences can be seen: low altitudes (median: 151 m a.s.l.), South-facing surfaces, generally gentle slopes (median: 13°) and moderate distances to water courses (median: 297 m). These choices were conditioned by geomorphological factors, with LGM glacier extent imposing an upper limit in the range of occupied altitudes and marine and fluvial terraces conditioning site location patterns. The results suggest that human site location patterns during the Palaeolithic were not random, conditioning the information available from archaeological remains. Our results allow us to identify some key areas where information on past faunal distributions, and more generally on biocoenoses, will be scarce or missing. 相似文献
96.
Manuel Llorca-Jaña 《The Journal of imperial and commonwealth history》2013,41(2):215-238
In 1808, after the Portuguese royal family was forced to leave Portugal and move to Brazil, Brazilian ports were opened to British merchant houses, which were quick to open offices in the likes of Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. By 1810 there were probably over 200 British merchant houses operating in Brazil, but we know very little about them because most of their historical records have not survived. In addition, scholars have assumed that, on account of the dominant British economic power, the establishment of new mercantile houses in South America c. 1808–19 was an easy task. This assumption is challenged in this paper, which sheds new light on the activities of one of these British merchant houses, making use of a recently discovered business collection concerned with the activities of Wylie & Hancock, a Scottish house which operated in Brazil and the River Plate from 1808 to 1819. These papers also provide a unique insight into neglected topics such as: the nature of managerial mercantile organisations; what the economic actors at the time actually did and thought; and how strategic and tactical choices were reached. 相似文献
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99.
Bundled Worlds: The Roles and Interactions of Complex Objects from the North American Plains 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
María Nieves Zedeño 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2008,15(4):362-378
This paper explores the many dimensions of power exercised by ceremonial bundles that have been held by North American Plains
groups since time immemorial. Because bundles are multifarious but strictly ordered sets of objects, they embody the corpus
of ecological and cosmological knowledge needed to survive in the human and supernatural worlds. Bundles, like persons, are
subject to hierarchical and heterarchical power relations that parallel societal relations within tribal groups. Observations
are drawn about the value of studying complex objects such as bundles for expanding and refining archaeological systematics. 相似文献
100.
Thomas Dhoop Sarah Stark Juan‐Pablo Olaberria Julian Whitewright 《International Journal of Nautical Archaeology》2020,49(1):49-64
The analysis of the archaeological remains of ships and boats, in particular hull shapes, have been central to wider analysis of performance, function, and significance within past societies. This article reviews established methods of quantifying shape in ship and boat archaeology—linear measurement ratios and form coefficients—and evaluates the utility of 3D geometric morphometrics (GM). The 3D shape of 30 vessels from north‐west Europe dating between 325 BC and AD 1915 are quantified to study how hull shape relates to a vessel's function and intended operating environment. A comparison of the three methods highlights the importance of analysing the complexity of a hull in a holistic manner and demonstrates that 3D GM outperforms the traditional methods. 相似文献