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This article is a conversation between five specialists of veterans’ history on the current direction of the field and its importance to the study of war and society. The discussants offer an an overview of current methodologies, definitions and historiographical approaches. Concentrating on the experiences of twentieth-century veterans (particularly after 1945) and using a diverse range of case studies from across the world, this article also asks what connections bound veteran communities together, and how we as historians might conceptualise veterans: as a class, as a collective, or as a far looser grouping of individuals? Finally, this article explores what distinguishes veteranhood after 1945 and the evolving relationship between veterans and the memory of conflict. 相似文献
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Dandan Wei Olivier Béthoux Yinxia Guo Jörg W. Schneider Dong Ren 《Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Paleontology》2013,37(4):547-557
Wei, D.D., Béthoux, O., Guo, Y.X., Schneider, J.W. & Ren D., 2013. New data on the singularly rare ‘cockroachoids’ from Xiaheyan (Pennsylvanian; Ningxia, China). Alcheringa 37, 547–557. ISSN 0311-5518.Additional material of stem-Dictyoptera, or ‘cockroachoids’, is described from the Early Pennsylvanian Xiaheyan locality (Zhongwei City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China). New specimens belonging to Qilianiblatta namurensis Zhang et al., 2012 are described, as are several specimens belonging to a new species (viz., Kinklidoblatta youhei sp. nov.). Three further specimens might represent additional species, to be better documented before they could be formally named. The occurrence of a ‘vannus’ in forewings of K. youhei sp. nov. is demonstrated, and discussed in the light of data on extant Dictyoptera. The low abundance and comparatively low diversity of the group in the locality is challenging, and might be a consequence of taphonomic bias.Dandan Wei [weidandanok@126.com], Yinxia Guo [kuaile422@163.com] and Dong Ren [rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn], College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China; Olivier Béthoux [obethoux@mnhn.fr], CR2P UMR 7207, MNHN, UPMC, CNRS, eight rue Buffon, CP38, F-75005, Paris, France; Jörg W. Schneider [joerg.schneider@geo.tu-freiberg.de], Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Institute of Geology, Department of Palaeontology, Bernhard-von-Cotta Str. 2, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany. Received 22.3.2013; revised 17.5.2013; accepted 23.5.2013. 相似文献
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Jean-Pierre Cléro Bertrand Vergely Marie-Jeanne Königson-Montain Robert Theis Henri Olivier Jean Bernhardt Étienne François Jean-Christophe Goddard Michel Espagne Anne Lagny Peter Schöttler Patrie Sicard Edmond Oritgues Barbara de Negroni Thierry Wanegffelen Marie-Luce Demonet-Launay Mireille Harbert François Laplanche Antony McKenna Carl Aderhold Geneviève Hasenohr Patrick Gautier Dalché Joël Cornette Jean-François Baillon Monique Cotiret Jacques Le Brun Chantal Grell Vincent Milliot Perrine Simon-Nahum Éric Brian 《Revue de synthèse / Centre international de synthèse》1992,113(1-2):189-269
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Olivier Coquelin 《European Legacy》2005,10(1):29-39
This article is based on the premise that the social and political foundations of the geopolitical entity known as the Irish Free State was of a conservative nature, unique in Western Europe. Of course, conservative forces also featured prominently in the early twentieth-century in other European countries. However, they were counterbalanced by forces of opposition sufficiently powerful to generate a social and political balance that was practically nonexistent within the Irish Free State. When exploring the root cause of Ireland's conservative politics, I identify an ideological connection between the lack of radical forces in the Irish Free State and the revolution through which it was established. In other words, the 1916–23 Irish Revolution indisputably laid the foundations of the ideas that were to become the dominant ideology in southern Ireland during the 1920s and 1930s. 相似文献
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Land Policy and Farming Practices in Laos 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Olivier Ducourtieux Jean‐Richard Laffort Silinthone Sacklokham 《Development and change》2005,36(3):499-526
The government of Laos has identified the eradication of poverty as a priority. Given the primarily agricultural character of the country, it has selected land reform as a core policy to reach this goal. The policy has two major aims: to increase land tenure security in order to encourage farmer involvement in intensive farming, and to eliminate slash‐and‐burn agriculture to protect the environment in a country still rich in forest resources. State intervention takes the form of land allocation, a process which combines the protection of some areas of village land with the formal recognition of private ownership in authorized farming areas. In a country with different types of geography, the effects of the policy are variable, but the research presented in this article demonstrates that the land laws have shortcomings which allow for differing interpretations depending on the local social relationships. Since local specificities are not taken into account, the reform is proving counterproductive for both forest protection and agricultural modernization, as well as having a negative social impact by marginalizing the poorest farmers. 相似文献
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Though not officially considered a ‘policy’ by the Lao government, resettlement of ethnic minorities has become a central feature of the rural development strategy in Laos. Over the past ten years, a majority of highland villages have been resettled downhill, and the local administrations are planning to move the remaining villages in the coming years. This article draws on a national survey about resettlement in Laos, commissioned by UNESCO and financed by UNDP, that was undertaken by the authors. It focuses on the consequences of these huge shifts of population and on the social and cultural dynamics that underlie them. It shows that the planned resettlements, which are intended to promote the ‘settling’ of the highland populations by enforcing the ban on slash‐and‐burn agriculture and opium growing, actually cause increased and diversified rural mobility. This in turn complicates the implementation of the rural development policy and the political management of interethnic relationships. In other words, the ‘settling’ process promoted by the State, because of its broad and often tragic social consequences, can paradoxically generate unplanned or unexpected further migrations, which could be called ‘resettlement‐induced forms of mobility’ 相似文献
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Olivier Coquelin 《European Legacy》2007,12(6):679-693
Que Karl Marx et Friedrich Engels aient à la fin des années 1860 uni la destinée de leur projet de révolution prolétarienne universelle à l’Irlande, est généralement méconnu. Principal obstacle à l’avènement en Angleterre d’un parti ouvrier révolutionnaire, auquel les deux théoriciens avaient assigné le rôle dirigeant de leur stratégie politique, la question irlandaise se devait donc d’être réglée, selon eux, à la faveur de l’indépendance nationale de l’Irlande. Or le fait que jamais ces desseins n’aboutissent, apporte la preuve pour d’aucuns que Marx et Engels s’étaient trompés quant à la nature du problème posé. Qu’en fut-il au juste? L’examen critique dont les deux révolutionnaires allemands font l’objet ne tend-il pas à négliger certains paramètres, ouvrant ainsi la voie à une relecture de l’analyse marxienne vis-à-vis de la question irlandaise? 相似文献
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