Constitutional change in Tuvalu

With constitutional change playing an important role in the evolving political status of the small Pacific island state of Tuvalu, island leaden seeking to protect its indigenous culture and values adopted a new constitution in 1986, eight years after independence. The document's commitment to the Tuvaluan way of life challenges aspects of the democratic ethos, as its phrasing* resonate more closely with Tuvalu's values and nationalism than with Western concepts of individual entitlement. Although divisions persist within the Pacific over the role of custom and tradition in political and legal affairs, developments in Tuvalu suggest one approach for states grappling with comparable political and cultural concerns.     

The Importance of Multiple 14C Dates from Significant Archaeological Contexts

Radiocarbon (¹⁴C) dates are the most important means for determining the age of Holocene archaeological deposits. The theoretical physical basis of this method is by now unassailable, having been consistently tested and refined over two generations. However, the means by which this method has been applied and the interpretation of these results remain as key issues, particularly for complex archaeological discoveries that substantially affect our understanding of world prehistory and social evolution. Many factors can produce uncertainty or variation in the ¹⁴C concentrations of samples, even those that have been selected from the same archaeological context or event. A number of recent studies have also addressed the ways in which ambiguities and irregularities in the ¹⁴C calibration curve can affect the interpretation of archaeological dates and temporal patterns. Of greatest concern, however, is a growing practice of using only one or two samples to date a significant prehistoric context or event. The date of these events, usually relative to other human activities, often holds important theoretical implications for evolutionary anthropology and related disciplines. In this article, we demonstrate that such a practice is rarely adequate or acceptable. Rather, proper procedure requires a suite of dates that permit statistical verification that the deposit or event itself is being correctly dated. We present a detailed case study that highlights the importance of analyzing multiple samples of ¹⁴C from significant archaeological contexts.     

THE IMMIGRATION SURPLUS REVISITED IN A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL WITH ENDOGENOUS GROWTH*

ABSTRACT We revisit the influential work of Borjas (1995) on the economic gain to the host population from immigration—“the immigration surplus.” We develop his analysis by using a general equilibrium endogenous growth model with endogenous capital and several sectors, including an R&D sector driving growth. Skilled immigration leads to a bigger R&D sector share resulting in higher long‐term growth. If skilled labor and physical capital are complements, this growth gain increases. Growth effects on the immigration surplus dominate the purely static effects of Borjas, but are not sufficient to eliminate the emergence of losers (skilled natives) within the host population.     

Book Reviews

The Cinema of Eisenstein. By David Bordwell (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993) xvii + 316 pp. $65.00 doth $29.95 paper.

On the Edge of Anarchy: Locke, Consent and the Limits of Society. By A. John Simmons (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993) ix + 293 pp. n.p.g.

Defining Science: William Whewell, Natural Knowledge, and Public Debate in Early Victorian Britain. By Richard Yeo (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993) xii + 280 pp. $54.95 cloth.

Racist Culture: Philosophy and the Philosophy of Meaning. By D. T. Goldberg (Oxford and Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1993) 313 pp. n.p.g.

The Roots of Liberty: Magna Carta, Ancient Constitution, and the Anglo‐American Tradition of Rule of Law. Edited and with an introduction by Ellis Sandoz (Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press, 1993) 335 pp. £35.00

Refaire la République: André Tardieu, une dérive réactionaire (1876–1945). By François Monnet (Paris: Fayard, 1993) 638 pp. FF190 paper.

Ethics With Aristotle. By Sarah Broadie (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993) xiii + 462 pp. £17.95 paper.

Wittgenstein: Rethinking the Inner. By Paul Johnston (London: Routledge, 1993) x + 253 pp. n.p.g.

History after Lacan. By Teresa Brennan (London and New York: Routledge, 1993) xvi + 239 pp. £10.99 paper.

Gendered Community: Rousseau, Sex, and Politics. By Penny A. Weiss (New York: New York University Press, 1993) 250 pps. $40.00 cloth.

Subverting Scotland's Past: Scottish Whig Historians and the Creation of an Anglo‐British Identity, 1689‐c. 1830. By Colin Kidd (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993) 322 + xiii pp. £35.00 $64.95 cloth.

The American Research University. In Daedalus, Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 122:4 (Fall 1993) 252 pp. $7.95.

Hebrew and the Bible in America: The First Two Centuries. Edited by Shalom Goldman (Brandeis University Press and Dartmouth College: University Press of New England, 1993) xxx + 259 pp. n.p.g.

The Shaping of the Elizabethan Regime: Elizabethan Politics, 1558–1572. By Wallace T. MacCaffrey (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968, reprinted 1993) xiv + 501 pp. paper, n.p.g.

Reality, Representation and Projection. Edited by John Haldane and Crispin Wright (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993) xii + 404 pp. cloth, n.p.g.

Von der Theologie der Befreiung zur Philosophie der Freiheit: Hegel und die Religion. By Wolfgang Bialas (Freiburg: Universitätsverlag, 1993 168 pp.

A Normative Approach to War: Peace, War and Justice in Hugo Grotius. Edited by Yasuaki Onuma (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993) xvii + 421 pp. £45.00.

Heidegger im Kontext. Gesamtüberblick zum NS‐Engagement der Universitätsphilosophen. By George Leaman (Hamburg: Argument, 1993) 160 pp. DM 15.50 paper.

Two Texts on Human Nature. By Francis Hutcheson, edited by Thomas Mautner (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993) pp., 194 + xiv £30.00 cloth.

From Freud's Consulting Room: The Unconscious in a Scientific Age. By Judith M. Hughes (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1994) 235 pp. $27.95 cloth.

Marketing Modernism in Fin‐de‐Siècle Europe. By Robert Jensen (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994) vii + 367 pp. $29.95/£19.95 cloth.

Social Bodies: Science, Reproduction, and Italian Modernity. By David G. Horn (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994) 189 pp. £37.50/ $14.95 cloth £11.95/paper.

Phantoms of Remembrance: Memory and Oblivion at the End of the First Millennium. By Patrick J. Geary (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994) xiv + 248 pp. $29.95 cloth.

History Continues. By Georges Duby, trans, by Arthur Goldhammer, with a forward by John W. Boldwin (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994) £19.95/$28.75 H.B.

Imagination and Depth in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason . By Bernard D. Freydberg (New York: Peter Lang, 1994) 123 pp. $37.95 cloth.

Jewish Life in Renaissance Italy. By Robert Bonfil, trans, by Anthony Oldcorn (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1994) xiii + 230 pp. $30.00 cloth.

Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy. By Richard S. Wortman, vol. 1 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994) xiii + 469 pp. $49.50, £35.00 cloth.

Essays on Architecture, 1796–1799. By Friedrich Gilly, introduction by Neumeyer, trans. by David Britt (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994) 228 pp. $39.95 cloth $24.95 paper.

Désordres du jeu. Poétiques ludiques, Recherches et rencontres. By Publications de la Faculté des lettres de Genève, vol. 6. Edited by Jacques Berchtold, Christopher Lucken, and Stefan Schoettke (Geneva: Droz, 1994) 260 pp.

The Elect Nation: The Savonarolan Movement in Florence 1494–1545. By Lorenzo Polizzotto (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994) 488 pp. £50.00 cloth.

Ramon Llull ou . . . les premiers jalons d'une Europe tolérante. By Gabriel Fragnière (Brussels: Presses Interuniversitaires Européennes, 1994) 92 pp. n.p.g.

Arts of Impoverishment: Beckett, Rothko, Resnais. By Leo Bersani and Ulysse Dutoit (Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1993 & 1994) 229 pp. $37.50 cloth $18.95 paper.

Invisible Leviathan: The Marxist Critique of Market Despotism beyond Postmodernism. By Murray E. G. Smith (Toronto: Toronto University Press, 1994) 272 pp. $55.00/£36.00 cloth $24.95/ £16.00 paper.

An Economic History of Medieval Europe. By Norman J. G. Pounds, 2nd ed. (London and New York: Longman House, 1994) xvi + 536 pp. $29.95/£16.99 paper.

Locke's Philosophy: Content and Context. Edited by G. A. J. Rogers (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994) 257 pp. £30.00 cloth.

The Culture of the English People, Iron Age to the Industrial Revolution. By N. J. G. Pounds (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994) xviii + 477 pp. $69.95/£50.00 cloth $22.95/£17.95 paper.

Romance and Revolution: Shelley and the Politics of a Genre. By David Duff (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994) xii + 276 pp. £35.00/$54.95 cloth.

Empire of Words: The Reign of the OED. By John Willinsky (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994) ix + 258 pp. $22.95 cloth.

Self‐Motion: From Aristotle to Newton. By Mary Louise Gill and James G. Lennox (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994) xxi + 367 pp. $45.00/£36.50 cloth.

Honor. By Frank Henderson Stewart (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1994) xiii + 175 pp. £9.50/$ 13.75 cloth.

Conflict and Cohesion in Western European Social Democratic Parties. Edited by David S. Bell and Eric Shaw (London: Pinter Publishers, 1994) 202 pp. $49.00 cloth.

Communism: The Vanished Specter. By Richard Pipes (Oslo: Scandinavian University Press; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994) 84 pp. £14.50.

The Promise of Pragmatism: Modernism and the Crisis of Knowledge and Authority. By John Patrick Diggins (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1994) 515 pp. £23.95/$29.95 cloth.

Through a Speculum That Shines: Vision and Imagination in Medieval Jewish Mysticism. By Elliot R. Wolfson (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995) 452 pp. $49.50.

Scientific Racism in Modern South Africa. By Saul Dubow (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995) xxi + 320 pp. £40.00/$64.95 cloth £15.95/$21.95 paper.

The Barbed‐Wire College: Reeducating German POWs in the United States During World War II. By Ron Robin (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995) x + 217 pp. $29.95

Soldier Heroes, British Adventure, Empire, and the Imagining of Masculinity. By Graham Dawson (London: Routledge, 1995) 290 pp. £14.95 paper.

Strange Dislocations: Childhood and the Idea of Human Interiority, 1780–1930. By Carolyn Steedman (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995) xi + 254 pp. $29.95.

Translating the Enlightenment: Scottish Civic Discourse in Eighteenth‐Century Germany. By Fania Oz‐Salzberger (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995) ix + 356 pp. £35.00.

The Diffident Naturalist: Robert Boyle and the Philosophy of Experiment. By Rose‐Mary Sargent (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995) 335 pp. $65.00/£51.95 cloth $26.00/£20.75 paper.

La Modernité By Alexis Nouss, (Paris: PUF, 1995) 128 pp. paper, n.p.g.