Sharks in the lagoon? Fishing exploitation at the Neolithic site of Suwayh 1 (Ash Sharqiyah region,Arabian Sea,Sultanate of Oman)

The study of the fish bones from the Neolithic shell midden of Suwayh 1, excavated in the 2000s, identified a total of 1060 identifiable fish bones, from 23 families, 33 genera and 28 different species. Radiocarbon dating demonstrates that the sites date to the early 6th to mid 5th millennium BC. The results follow an eight-phase chronology highlighted by an earlier malacological study. The most important taxa were the Carcharhinidae (requiem shark), Rhinopteridae (cownose rays), Sparoidea (Sparidae and Lethrinidae: sea breams and emperors) and Ariidae (sea catfishes). The results of the fish study show that the Suwayh lagoon must have gradually opened up to the sea and been populated with mangroves. The unique presence of so many sharks at this site seems to indicate that the inhabitants had a special interest in shark fishing and that their location was ideal for this specialised activity. Two types of fishing nets and hooks have been discovered, which require the use of different fishing techniques.     

日本九州大宰府出土莲花纹砖浅析

日本九州大宰府出土的莲花纹砖和隋唐洛阳城出土的莲花纹砖,二者的质地、制法、功用相同,皆以莲花为主体花纹且外绕蔓草纹和联珠纹.主要差异是前者形制为长方形,莲花图案小并辅以水波纹,砖的侧面也有花纹;后者形制为方形,仅砖的正面有花纹,莲花图案肥大且没有水波纹.这表明在公元7世纪前后,中国和日本有着密切的文化交流,而日本国在吸收他国文化的同时又保持着本民族文化特征.     

中日环境合作现状与吉林省经济可持续发展对策研究

经济的可持续发展和环境保护是当今时代的两大热点问题,环境问题的国际化已把整个人类置于全球环境的摆布之中。中日两国随着推进经济可持续发展的加强,对环境问题也越来越重视,并有了相互合作的需要。本文分析吉林省同日本的环境合作及其存在的问题,提出我省积极发展扩大同日本环境合作的对策建议,以促进吉林省经济可持续发展。     

Muscles,Nerves, and Sex: The Contradictions of the Medical Approach to Female Bodies in Movement in France, 1847–1914

From the early nineteenth century in France, the treatment of hysteria was connected to both physical and moral development. As a result, therapeutic treatments envisaged by medical practitioners were influenced by and related to the formulation of precepts of medical gymnastics. This article considers how ‘physical education’ for women became part of medical discourse, specifically the elaboration of ‘body treatment’ as a remedy against nervous disorders including hysteria. From the Second Republic (1848) to the years of the belle epoque (1914), the discourse concerning the medical cause of ‘hysterical madness’ is marked by the progressive discrediting of reflections that located the causes of pathology in the genitals. However, the shaping of a neuro‐cerebral etiology did not fully replace discussions of the relationship between hysteria, female bodies and the uterus. While the current historiography emphasises the participation of doctors in the production and legitimation of physical exercises in the nineteenth century, some aspects of this process are not yet fully explored. We examine the ambivalences of medical discourse, between the rhetoric of the eternally wounded woman and the need to develop women's abilities (intellectual, moral, and physical) to ensure healthy children. And despite the shadows that still obscure the etiology of nervous disorders, there is, in our period, a genuine dynamic favouring experimental therapeutics. The ‘movement disorders’, such as chorea, hysteria or neurasthenia, were handled by increasingly well‐established regimes utilising physical exercise. The introduction of gymnastics in the hospital played a fundamental role in this process; it enabled experimentation and lent legitimacy to physical exercise as therapy.     

读秦汉简札记四则

文中对于睡虎地秦简以及关沮秦简和张家山汉简的几个问题进行了说明,指出睡虎地秦简的"定杀"是把麻风病犯人缚以石头然后活生生地坠入水中淹死的刑罚.关沮秦简中"(羁)谋"是托人说媒的意思.睡虎地秦简中的"(埱)"字是以‘弋'掘地之义.张家山汉简<引书>的"寻"字是舒两肱的意思.     

Ancient Maritime Fish-Traps of Brittany (France): A Reappraisal of the Relationship Between Human and Coastal Environment During the Holocene

The present-day maritime landscape of Western France forms the geographical framework for a recent research project dedicated to the archaeological study of ancient fish-traps, combining regional-scale and site-scale investigations. Based on the compilation and exploitation of a large unpublished dataset including more than 550 sites, a preliminary synthetic study allows us to present some examples of synchronic and thematic approaches, and propose a morphological classification of the weirs. These encouraging first results open up new perspectives on fish-trap chronology closely linked to wider studies on Holocene sea-level changes.     

基于生活空间与活动空间视角的郊区空间研究框架

郊区空间已成为城市空间的重要组成部分,其研究意义逐渐凸显,需要学者立足郊区,关注郊区空间及其与城市空间的关系。本文从行为主义地理学和时间地理学的理论和方法论出发,对行为空间、生活空间、活动空间的概念进行辨析,提出了基于空间范式下的生活空间研究和基于人范式下的活动空间研究两方面研究内容。立足于郊区空间,面向居民日常生活,构建基于时空间行为研究方法论的郊区空间研究框架,基于此框架对郊区生活空间、郊区活动空间以及郊区空间的动态性进行解读和分析,试图为空间-行为互动理论的构建提供研究基础,为基于行为视角的郊区研究提供研究框架,为更好的理解郊区空间、解决郊区中存在的问题提供有效途径。     

过滤视角下的中国城市单位社区变化研究

过滤是以高收入居民向外迁移为导向的一系列居住迁移和住房周转过程。居民是决定邻里地位的重要因素,是过滤过程的主体。邻里变化是过滤的结果,反映了居民属性的改变。本文运用质性研究方法,基于在北京市海淀区燕东园社区的实地观察和访谈,从过滤的视角分析了我国城市单位社区变化。研究发现,在单位制时期,过滤仅存在于单位内部,并受到单位的控制和影响。在转型期,西方意义上的过滤现象在中国城市中已经出现,过滤体现了家庭需求与可支付住房之间的匹配过程,但是,因单位而导致的过滤及其社区变化具有复杂性特征,对于区位较好的单位社区,搬入搬出的居民虽然处于不同的家庭生命周期,但往往都具有较高的收入,社区整体上表现出多方向过滤的特征。过滤的多方向性是分析单位社区变化和城市社会空间重构的重要视角。