高句丽三权并存制研究

本文通过对高句丽三权并存制形成、发展、衰落的深入探讨,揭示了高句丽政治制度的本质与特点.即高句丽由于自身发展的特点,确立了以"国相制"为核心的三权并存制,创造性地解决了王权与贵族权相冲突的矛盾.三权并存制在高句丽政治制度史上占有重要地位.     

The Symbolic Politics of Belonging and Community in Peri‐urban Environmental Disputes: the Traveston Crossing Dam in Queensland,Australia

This paper examines a recent dispute generated by the Queensland State Government proposal to build the Traveston Crossing Dam on the Mary River in southeast Queensland, Australia. It is particularly concerned with the ways in which interrelated issues of belonging, community identity, and social diversity were negotiated during the anti‐dam campaign. As an unusual alliance of farmers, environmentalists, urban retirees, some Aboriginal people and others, it takes a view of the anti‐Traveston Crossing Dam campaign as a fluid network of people and approaches the notion of community identity as the symbolic construction of similarity. Locally specific, the paper describes pertinent aspects of community politics in the context of rural socioeconomic change, and the mobilisation of heritage. With regard to local senses of belonging, it also discusses the involvement of Aboriginal people during the campaign. More broadly then, this paper attempts to make an ethnographic contribution to the study of environmental disputes and the politics of alliance in peri‐urban areas of settler‐descendant societies such as Australia.     

Topographical evolution and C age dating of the construction of the Eurimji reservoir (Jecheon,Korea)

The Eurimji site in Jecheon City, Chungcheong Province holds major importance for Korean cultural heritage because it is assumed to be the oldest man-made reservoir for rice field irrigation in Korea. A multiproxy study provides the first scientific dating of the levee construction. The authors retrieved two sediment cores from the levee (core ER-1, 18.00 m long) and the reservoir bottom (core ER-3-1, 6.98 m long). Several plant fragment layers were observed between layers of dark gray clay–silt sediment in unit 2 of both cores. The spacing and thickness of these plant layers was relatively uniform (from 50 to 90 cm, and 5 to 6 cm, respectively). These features are interpreted to represent part of a man-made sedimentary sequence created using the consolidation-settlement drain method (tamped-earth or rammed-earth method) commonly used for dam or fortress construction in ancient times, as the features are not characteristic of natural river sedimentary processes. In this alternating sequence, bulk carbon from the sediment yielded AMS ¹⁴C dates of 2000–1400 ¹⁴C yr BP, and the plant materials yielded dates of 1300–1200 ¹⁴C yr BP. If workers at that time used two different materials such as available plant materials and clays for levee construction, the plant material is preferred for ¹⁴C age dating. This is because the origin of the carbon in the sediments is ambiguous, but the source of the plant materials has been confidently determined to be equivalent to the time of the levee construction. Therefore, the levee was constructed between 1200 and 1100 ¹⁴C yr BP (AD 800–900), which is later than previously thought (i.e., AD 300 or AD 550). The results of our study also indicate that wetlands existed in the area before the construction of the Eurimji levee.     

北京延庆西屯墓地出土汉代铜器的科学分析

延庆西屯墓地出土的汉代铜器对于了解北京地区汉代铜器文化特征、制作技术以及与周边地区的相互关系,具有十分重要的意义。为进一步揭示该批铜器包含的科学信息,本文对其进行了科学分析检测。结果显示,西屯墓地出土铜器的材质以铜锡铅三元合金为主,仅两件铜盆检测为铜铅二元合金、一件铜带钩为铜锡铅砷四元合金,且三类材质的合金化程度较低。除铜镜外,铜器的合金成分与器物类型之间没有明显关系,可见其青铜技术逐步衰退。多数铜器为铸造而成,根据器物的需要,还在局部采用热锻、热锻后冷加工等加工方式,说明当时的工匠已经能够根据需要应用相关技术。     

Tracking 800-year-old Shipments: An Archaeological Investigation of the Mado Shipwreck Cargo, Taean, Korea

This paper examines cargo from an 800-year-old shipwreck and discusses its implications in relation to the exchange networks and maritime transportation of the Goryeo period (A.D. 918–1392) in Korea. In 2007, two local fishermen fortuitously discovered porcelain vessels from a Goryeo-period shipwreck off the mid-western coast of the Korean peninsula. Underwater excavation conducted by the National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage (NRIMCH) revealed that the ship was carrying a myriad of cargoes destined for Gaegyeong, the capital of the Goryeo dynasty. Excavation indicates that the main body of the cargo was porcelain vessels produced in the southern part of the peninsula. Archaeobotanical investigation of the wreck deposits revealed that the ship was carrying crops such as rice (Oryza sativa L.), broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.), and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) bound for the capital. Among the recovered objects were 73 wooden cargo tags with Chinese letters. These tags, equivalent to the modern day air bill, contained detailed information about the senders, recipients, and shipped goods. These findings indicate that during the Goryeo period maritime transportation played an important role in the interpersonal exchange of products over long distances.     

Transitional geographies: making mobile children

Geographers of childhood have variously accounted for the experiences of mobile children. Less has been said about the practices of becoming mobile, including the acquisition of skills, engagement with travel technologies and the shifting child–parent relations implicated in the process. This article explores the making of mobile children through ethnographic research with 7–12-year-olds practising the journey between home and school in Helsinki, Finland. Elaborating on the work of psychoanalyst Donald Woods Winnicott, it argues that families enact flexible spatial arrangements—transitional spaces—to experiment with their attachments to urban environments. Transitional spaces foreground the diverse relations between children, parents and the world, allowing the replacement of standard notions about growing up with situated accounts of how families make space for children's expanding mobilities. Against a cultural atmosphere stressing the risks and uncertainties of childhood, this view opens an affirmative approach to children's geographies—one that emphasises the trust, play and collaboration between adults, children and environments.     

The political subjectivization of Korean creative workers: working and living as urban precariat in creative city Seoul

This study aims to reconsider and re-evaluate the rapid circulation of global creative city policy from the viewpoint of its creative workforce by focusing on the case of Seoul, South Korea. By locating creative workers’ experiences in Korea within the growing scholarship on the precariat, this research not only attempts to fully understand the complexity of labor subjectivities of creative workers but further explores how creative workers can actually become political subjects who can resist their given precarious working and living conditions. By using Jacques Rancière’s concept of ‘political subjectivation’, it attempts to show how creative workers can empower themselves as ‘political subjects’ who strategically disavow their given self-identities as ‘individualized creators’, and through this language they are able to recall the often neglected subjectivity of ‘solidified labor’. In doing so, this research contributes to theoretical insights so that we can better understand what leads to political formation of creative workers.     

Creating Prehistory: Druids,Ley Hunters and Archaeologists in Pre-War Britain

ALTERSKLASSEN UND MÄNNERBÜNDE, EINE DARSTELLUNG DER GRUNDFORMEN DER GESELLSCHAFT, von HEINRICH SCHURTZ. Berlin: G. Reimer. 1902. Pp. ix., 458. Price 8 M. Reviewed by N. W. Thomas.

DIE VOLKSKUNDE IN DEN JAHREN 1897–1902. BERICHTE UEBER NEUERSCHEINUNGEN. Von Dr. F. S. KRAUSS. Erlangen: F. Junge. 1903. Reviewed by Alfred Nutt.

DIE VOLKSKUNDE ALS WISSENSCHAFT. Von E. HOFFMANN-KRAYER. Zurich. 1902. Reviewed by Alfred Nutt.

THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF OLD AND NEW WORLD CIVILISATIONS. A Comparative Research based on a Study of the Ancient Mexican Religious, Sociological, and Calendrical Systems. By Mrs. ZELIA NUTTALL. Cambridge, Mass. Peabody Museum. 1901. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

GUERNSEY FOLK LORE. From MSS, by the late Sir EDGAR MACCULLOCH, Bailiff of Guernsey. Edited by EDITH F. CAREY. London: Elliot Stock. Guernsey: F. Clarke, States Arcade. Large 8vo 616 pp., numerous illustrations. 1903. Price 12s. 6d. Reviewed by Charlotte S. Burne.

ROMANTIC TALES FROM THE PANJÂB: WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY NATIVE HANDS. Collected and edited from original sources by the REV. CHARLES SWYNNERTON, F.S.A. Constable. 21s. net. Reviewed by W. H. D. Rouse.

CONTES POPULAIRES D'AFRIQUE, PAR RENÉ BASSET. Paris. E. GUILMOTO. 1903. Reviewed by A. Werner.

LES PASTORALES BASQUES. Notice, Catalogue des Manuscrits et Questionnaire. Par G. HÉRELLE. Bayonne, 1903, in 80 de p. 86. 1. VENDETTA, RACCONTO CAMPAGNNOLO SICILIANO. By G. CRIMI LO GIUDICE. Aci Reale, Tipografia Umberto I., 1903, 30 pp. 2. MAGHERIA, o AMORE PER FORZA. Scene Popolari Siciliane in 2 alti. Idem. 48 pp Reviewed by J. B. Andrews.