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Michèle M. Wollstonecroft 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2011,3(1):141-150
While it is generally agreed that food processing has had a role in human evolution, the specific ways that is has affected
our evolution are not well understood. Using a Niche Construction Theory (NCT) perspective, coupled with methodologies borrowed
from “post-harvest” research in the plant sciences, this paper investigates the means and mechanism by which food processing
is of evolutionary consequence. The central tenet of NCT is that organisms have an active role in their own evolution through
reciprocal interactions with their environments; niche construction is understood to occur when organisms initiate long-term
changes to their environments that modify the selection pressures on themselves and their descendants (and on other organisms
in the environment). Humans and our hominin ancestors are considered to be the ultimate niche constructors due to our ability
to modify selection pressures through diverse culturally generated and transmitted cultural means, i.e. cultural niche construction.
In this paper, post-harvest methods are used to identify how food processing could feasibly have permitted hominins to modify
their evolutionary selection pressures. Food processing is shown to facilitate access to increasing amounts of digestible
nutrients and energy (kilocalories/kilojoules) as well as promoting increased dietary breadth and making possible the production
of safer and more stable foods. It is argued that these advancements catalysed related technological and ecological skills
and knowledge, which together with the nutritional benefits, further triggered changes in hominin brain and body and locomotory
adaptations and increased longevity, disease prevention and juvenile survival rates. 相似文献
63.
Sebillaud Pauline Berger Elizabeth Hou Kan Gueguen Gwendal Jing Zhongwei Peixoto Xavier Keute Jennifer Devièse Thibaut 《Historical archaeology》2022,56(3):563-593
Historical Archaeology - Catholic missionaries were active among rural populations in Manchuria, in northeast China, around the turn of the 20th century. Their presence influenced everything from... 相似文献
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Éilís Ní Dhuibhne 《Folklore》2013,124(1-2):77-85
This paper looks at the St Kitts and Nevis Mummies' plays as published in Folklore by Roger Abrahams (1968). It demonstrates that the texts were originally taken from a play published by the Victorian children's author Mrs J.H. Ewing. This play appeared in several editions, most notably in two series issued by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Mrs Ewing's text was itself compiled from three northern English chapbook texts and a version from Silverton, Devon. The relative contribution of these texts to Mrs Ewing's play, and the way she put them together, are both explored. 相似文献
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Catherine Larrère 《History of European Ideas》2013,39(2):218-222
The aim of this article is to shed light on the eighteenth-century Italian reflection on luxury and consumption in a comparative perspective, clarifying, on the one hand, the complex significance that it assumed and, on the other, the specificity of the Italian context, marked by the immense political value of the debate on the subject. In particular this objective will be pursued through the analysis of specific cases among the many offered by the Italian context and through different research strands. These are: the debate on the evaluation of luxury; the transition from the notion of luxury to that of consumption; and the discussion on luxury and consumption in the revolutionary context. This article intends to outline the particular contribution made by Italian thought, which conveyed a multifaceted discourse of social reform, critique and understanding built on more even foundations, and at the same time to clarify what contribution can be made to current historiography by the study of this theme within eighteenth-century Italy. 相似文献
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