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Maria O’Donovan 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2011,15(2):267-278
The Catskill Mountains in upstate New York have been a tourist destination since the early nineteenth century. At a superficial
level, the history of Catskill tourism follows a basic trajectory from elite destination in the nineteenth century to more
inclusive tourist area in the twentieth century. This trajectory incorporates a “trickle down” theory of tourism and leisure
that masks the complexity of changes in social relations. Jewish tourism in the Catskills evidences how class, ethnic, and
gender relations intertwined in the creation of a specific place—the Borscht Belt. Archaeology in the Borscht Belt places
tourism within larger capitalist relations in America and complicates concepts of tourism as consumption and leisure. 相似文献
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385.
Machu Picchu is among the world’s most controversial heritage sites. It represents a case where raising money through ticket
sales and other activities, rather than an opportunity to fund site preservation, in fact constitutes a major threat to the
survival of the site through overexploitation. Unesco has been very critical in recent decades about the management of Machu
Picchu. International pressure resulted in the establishment of two master plans, in 1998 and in 2005. In this paper we investigate
in depth the contents and rhetoric of the two plans, comparing changes in the two different versions, and linking the change
in planning attitude to actual changes taking place in the site. This is also an opportunity to open a discussion on the interdisciplinarity
of master plans in heritage sites. 相似文献
386.
Maria Rosa Guasch-Jané Cristina Andrés-Lacueva Olga Jáuregui Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós 《Journal of archaeological science》2006
Ancient Egyptians were buried with the most precious food and drink as sustenance for their afterlife. One of these was Shedeh, the most valued and appreciated beverage in ancient Egypt. The botanic origin of Shedeh remains unclear as no mention of its raw material has survived. Some scholars have proposed that Shedeh was a pomegranate wine, while others, a grape wine. Presented here is the first ever analytical evidence of Shedeh's origin through the analysis of a sample of a residue from an extraordinarily well preserved Shedeh amphora from King Tutankhamun's collection. The previously developed LC/MS/MS wine markers method for archaeological samples was used and our results reveal Shedeh had a red grape origin. 相似文献
387.
In his main work, The Science of Legislation (1780–1783), the Neapolitan Gaetano Filangieri proposed a set of extensive political and cultural reforms. These reforms were necessary to free eighteenth-century societies from the remnants of feudal institutions that obstructed international peace and economic growth. Filangieri's ideas were shaped by the international political climate between the seven Years’ War and the eve of the French Revolution. Reinterpreting Montesquieu and Genovesi through the influences of French radical and Enlightenment thought (Helvétius, Raynal, l’Encyclopédie), as well as the economics of Hume, Verri and the Physiocrats, he concluded that European modernity was inherently contradictory.From this perspective Filangieri set out to force a clean break between the technical horizons of mercantilism and enlightened absolutism and a society based on civil rights, a fair distribution of wealth and resources, and free trade. Proper ‘scientific’ knowledge of the rules and principles of legislation would allow governments to balance out the natural and cultural factors that characterise individual states, and to identify the appropriate model for social and economic development. If all states acted on their proper interest, international free trade and peaceful competition between states would emerge and the potential for general economic growth be materialised. Thus, the natural equilibrium and ‘universal consensus’ among nations could be restored. 相似文献
388.
Iranzu Guede Luis Angel Ortega Maria Cruz Zuluaga Ainhoa Alonso-Olazabal Xabier Murelaga José Luis Solaun Iban Sanchez Agustín Azkarate 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2018,10(8):2047-2058
Strontium, carbon, and nitrogen isotopes of human bone and tooth remains have been used to reconstruct residential mobility and diet of early medieval populations at Las Gobas from the sixth to eleventh centuries. Most non-local individuals correspond to the tenth to eleventh centuries and were mostly women and infants. This residential mobility coincided with the formation of Laño village and the abandonment of artificial cave settlement. Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen indicate an omnivorous homogenous diet based on terrestrial plant resources, with few animal-derived proteins from livestock. Millet consumption was restricted to an earlier period of time (seventh to ninth centuries); and in later periods (tenth to eleventh centuries), mainly C3 plants such as wheat and barley were consumed. In general, there were no dietary differences between individuals according to sex or age. Sex-related dietary differences have only been observed in the tenth to eleventh centuries, when females consumed a more vegetarian diet and less animal protein. The higher δ 15N values in infants reflect the weaning effect, while the differences in δ 15N values between young adult men and young adult women can be explained as a physiological factor related to pregnancy or different origins. In a comparison with contemporaneous medieval populations in the northern Iberian Peninsula, both δ 13C and δ 15N values suggest similar foodstuff resources and diet among Christian and Muslim populations. 相似文献
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Maria Verde Alberto De Bonis Virginie Renson Chiara Germinario Concetta Rispoli Francesco D'Uva Antonella Tomeo Vincenzo Morra 《Archaeometry》2023,65(6):1145-1184
79 samples of black glazed pottery, Terra sigillata, fine common ware, and production indicators were recovered in the archaeological site of Cales and investigated via a multi-analytical program (polarized light microscopy, thermal analyses, XRPD, XRF, FESEM, FESEM-EDS). Among the materials, finds of important production indicators, represented by welded pieces of black glazed pottery and spacers, attest a local production. Polarized light microscopy shows that the inclusions consist of feldspar, quartz, mica, calcite, and lithic fragments of both volcanic and sedimentary nature. Additional information about the mineralogical assemblage comes from the XRPD that revealed the presence of neoformed Ca-silicates, indicating equivalent firing temperatures ranging from 750 to 1050°C. All the samples show a Ca-rich character and an extreme compositional homogeneity, including the production indicators. The comparison with some Ca-rich Campanian clay raw materials shows a greater affinity with the Mio-Pliocene marine clay sediments of the Apennine sector, which include local clays. This allowed us to formulate the first hypotheses about clay sources used to produce fine pottery during the third century BCE to the early imperial period in Cales. 相似文献