Imagining female citizenship in the "New Spain": gendering the democratic transition, 1975-1978

This article analyses the contestation over female citizenship in Spain's transition to democracy in the mid 1970s. It posits that the transition opened up a discursive space for the construction of a new concept of female citizenship, which was filled with competing images of female citizens, from the Francoist housewife to the consumer activist to the feminist. Through a close reading of the democratic press, the article explores the contradictions and tensions involved in imagining a new female citizen for a democratic Spain. With a focus on the representation of feminist citizenship, the article argues that the central tension surrounding female citizenship was the contradiction between new modes of female participation, new sets of rights and a framework of meaning which could not make sense of these changes. As a result, there was no comfortable place for the female citizen in the emerging master narrative of the transition.     

The British at Weihaiwei: A Case Study in the Irrationality of Empire

The grand spectacle of Britain's return of Hong Kong, its colony since the 1842 Treaty of Nanking, to Chinese sovereignty in July 1997 served to dramatize to a global audience the end of imperialism in its most overt political form. Beginning with China's defeat in the First Opium War in 1842, Britain and other European powers came to exercise varying degrees of forcible dominion, wrapped in a confusing array of legal guises, over parts of this proud but endangered country. Known to the Chinese ever since as the "unequal treaties," these agreements progressively infringed on China's sovereignty, administrative and legal integrity, and economic viability. Extraterritorial rights exempting foreigners from Chinese justice, treaty ports where administration was in the hands of foreigners, and foreign control of extensive portions of Chinese bureaucratic administration, including even the country's ability to collect revenue through the Maritime Customs Service—all became part of the elaborate edifice of extraordinary rights and privileges that the powers created for themselves in the name of the "great game" of empire in China.¹     

Book Notes

R. Douglas Arnold, Michael J. Graetz, and Alicia H. Munnell (Eds.), Framing the Social Security Debate: Values, Politics, and Economics .
Eugene Bardach, Getting Agencies to Work Together: The Practice and Theory of Managerial Craftsmanship .
J. Patrick Dobel, Public Integrity .
Milton Fisk, Toward a Healthy Society: The Morality and Politics of American Health Care Reform .
Marie Gottschalk, The Shadow Welfare State: Labor, Business, and the Politics of Health Care in the United States .
Graeme A. Hodge, Privatization: An International Review of Performance .
Donald F. Kettl, The Global Public Management Revolution: A Report on the Transformation of Governance .
Steven G. Koven, Public Budgeting in the United States: The Cultural and Ideological Setting .
George A. Krause, A Two-way Street: The Institutional Dynamics of the Modern Administrative State .
Michael T. McGuire and William H. Anderson, The U.S. Healthcare Dilemma: Mirrors and Chains .
Kenneth J. Meier and Jeff Gill, What Works: A New Approach to Program and Policy Analysis .
Karen Mossberger, The Politics of Ideas and the Spread of Enterprise Zones .
Kate O'Neill, Waste Trading among Rich Nations: Building a New Theory of Environmental Regulation.
William Simonsen and Mark D. Robbins, Citizen Participation in Resource Allocation .
John D. Wirth, Smelter Smoke in North America: The Politics of Transborder Pollution .     

MULTI‐METHOD MARBLE PROVENANCE DETERMINATIONS: THE CARRARA MARBLES AS A CASE STUDY FOR THE COMBINED USE OF ISOTOPIC,ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE AND PETROGRAPHIC DATA*

A multi‐method approach, based on petrography, stable isotope data and electron spin resonance spectroscopy for assigning the provenance of white marbles, is presented. A total of 11 experimental variables has been used, including the quantitative measurement of the sample colour and its homogeneity. On this basis we attempt to distinguish the three main quarrying basins of the Carrara district, that is, Torano, Miseglia and Colonnata. Such discrimination, extremely uncertain on the basis of the single techniques, may be performed with acceptable confidence’ using a properly selected subset of six petrographic, isotopic and spectroscopic variables. The final resubstitution and jackknifed re‐assignment rates are, respectively, 85% and 81%. Inclusion of the remaining five variables into the classification rule does not improve the results, but simply increases data overinterpretation. The practical possibility of using such an approach for more general provenancing problems is considered.     

ARCHAEOMETRIC INVESTIGATIONS OF SGRAFFITO CERAMIC TILES (FIFTEENTH‐SIXTEENTH CENTURIES) RECOVERED FROM EXCAVATIONS IN UDINE (NORTH‐EAST ITALY)*

Most of the Renaissance sgraffito tiles excavated in Udine (Italy) constitute a homogeous group, the tile body having a CaO/MgO molar ratio ?= 3:2. They were produced using a dolomite‐ and calcite‐containing clay fired at 900–950°C. A small group of samples, with a lower firing temperature and a CaO/MgO ratio ?= 2:3, was probably produced in a different factory. Slip and transparent glaze, characterized by optical microscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, are an illite‐rich clay and a lead silicate, respectively.     

A COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING FATTY ACID CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS ACROSS POTSHERDS: A CASE STUDY USING LATE BRONZE AGE CANAANITE AMPHORAE*

Canaanite amphorae fragments in fabrics believed to be associated with the bulk transport of vegetable oils from the fourteenth‐century BC site of Amarna, Egypt, have been examined. A comparison is made between solvent extraction, saponification and the use of TMTFTH (m‐trifluoromethylphenyl)trimethylammomum hydroxide, used here for the combined extraction and derivatization of ceramic‐absorbed organic residues. Extracts were studied using gas chromatography and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The extraction of fatty acids from small ceramic samples has established concentration gradients of absorbed organic matter from the inner to the outer surfaces of the sherds.     

Buddhist Deities and Mantras in the Hindu Tantras: II The Śrīvidyārnavatantra and the Tantrasāra

Indo-Iranian Journal -     

Preliminary assessment of a wreck in the Red River, Choctaw County, Oklahoma, USA

This paper reports the initial recording of an early riverboat wreck located in the Red River between Oklahoma and Texas. The wreck is probably the Caddo lost in 1842. The visible wreckage is described and the history of the Caddo is discussed. This is the earliest western rivers steamboat investigated by archaeologists to date.