Application of Kernel Density Estimates to Lead Isotope Compositions of Bronzes from Ningxia,North‐West China

The aim of this paper is to apply kernel density estimates (KDEs) to the visualization and interpretation of lead isotope data from bronze assemblages found along the northern border of central China, here designated as the Arc. New lead isotope analyses of 30 leaded tin–bronze artefacts from the Wangdahu cemetery (c.500–300 bc ) in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, north‐west China, provide the basis for the discussion. By using multivariate KDEs and the calculated likelihood of the overlap, the present work shows that the Wangdahu objects feature a unique linear array of isotope ratios, representing an important element of overall bronzes from the Arc in the first millennium bc . This characteristic isotope signature is fundamentally different from that of Dajing ores in north‐east China, as well from that of early Qin bronzes in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. This suggests that a variety of metal resources were utilized by peoples living in the Arc. The KDE approach thus proves effective at presenting and comparing lead isotope data.     

嘉峪关关城游击将军府修建年代考证

《嘉峪关市志》依据《重修肃州新志》中"隆庆二年,总督王崇古言,嘉峪关三面临戎,势甚孤悬,宜设守备防御,从之"的记载推断,游击将军府系明隆庆二年(1568)修建。笔者认为值得商榷。通过对历史文献和碑碣的分析,笔者认为游击将军府最初修建年代应为明正德元年(1506),是由肃州兵备副宪李端澄主持修建的官厅。     

从出土汉简看汉代羌族部族

羌族是自古生活在我国西北地区的少数民族。羌的部族构成比较复杂,史书上对其有所记载。20世纪出土的汉简中有一些关于羌族的简文,丰富了我们对汉代羌族的认识。特别是其中所反映的羌人部族,有的史有所载,有助于我们对相关历史的认识;有的为过去所未见,可以填补相关研究的空白。汉简中有关羌人部族的资料具有很高的研究价值。     

The Late Upper Paleolithic occupation of the northern Tibetan Plateau margin

The pre-Neolithic history of the Tibetan Plateau is virtually unknown. Test excavations of Late Paleolithic sites, described here, provide preliminary evidence that the initial occupation of the plateau's extreme environments was by small groups of foragers probably traveling from lower elevation plateau margins. These foragers occupied very short-term camps focused on the procurement and extensive processing of small-to-medium mammals. Five separate occupations date to 13–15,000 Cal yr BP, but limited survey data suggest mid-elevation locations may have been temporarily occupied as early as 25,000 years ago. Full-time, year-round occupation of the plateau probably did not take place until the early Neolithic advent of domesticated animals.     

《格萨尔王传》中英雄人物的命名

文有谋臣,武有良将,他们个个如猛虎咆哮,似霹雳震天,且看——《格萨尔王传》作为藏族人民献给世界文化艺术宝库中的一颗璀璨的明珠,时刻闪耀着智慧的光芒,当我们打开     

西安尤家庄秦墓出土铜镜的初步研究

关于秦镜的研究,以往限于出土资料的贫乏,长期以来学界鲜有问津。此前仅见有高至喜先生《论湖南秦墓》一文中涉及到秦镜的探讨     

从敦煌看佛教的社会化

序 伴随着历史的发展,学术观念需要不断更新,许多学术方面的问题也应该重新认识.这就算是我们近年来所说的与时俱进吧!与时俱进这个词反映的内容可能有一种消极和盲目,与我们讲的开拓进取是不太相符.但反过来讲,消极也好,盲目也好,总得先跟上时代的发展;另一方面,对于宗教来讲,与时俱进可以说是非常恰当和合理的.宗教如果不能适应时代的要求,就会被时代的发展所淘汰.     

北宋书院考证及其特点分析

北宋是书院发展的初级阶段,虽然多数书院的学田、藏书、祭祀、院规等并不完备,但对北宋社会的贡献功不可没。文章以地方志为主要史料来源,辅以文集、正史等材料,从微观和宏观两方面探求北宋书院的基本情况及其特点,可以说,北宋书院在教育史和学术研究上有着重要地位。     

Seismic Behavior of L-Shaped RC Squat Walls under Various Lateral Loading Directions

Considerable progress has been made on the research of non-rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) squat walls over the past decades. However, the experimental data of L-shaped RC squat walls remain limited, especially for their seismic behaviors under non-principal bending actions. This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation on L-shaped RC squat structural walls with an emphasis on how varying the directions of lateral cyclic loading influences the seismic responses of these walls. Four L-shaped specimens are tested under lateral cyclic displacements and low levels of axial compression The variables are axial loads and lateral loading directions. The performance of specimens is discussed in terms of cracking patterns, failure mechanisms, hysteretic responses, deformation components and strain profiles. Furthermore, three-dimensional finite element models are developed to supplement the experimental results. The direction of lateral loading is found to have a significant effect on the peak shear strength of L-shaped RC squat walls.