谈肩水金关汉简中的几个地名

新近公布的肩水金关汉简记录有丰富的西汉行政区划信息。本文结合传世文献,对汉简所见赵国尉文、梁国載、魏郡鄃、魏郡厝、魏郡廪丘等地名以及相关西汉政区问题进行分析。本文指出赵国尉文县与尉文侯国有关,梁国載县为《汉书·地理志》梁国甾县的早期书写形式,鄃、厝两县于武帝末年至元帝初年隶属魏郡管辖,而简文中的"魏郡廪丘"则为魏郡斥丘的误释。     

新时期地方志工作发展的机遇、挑战与对策

随着我国政治经济社会的快速发展,地方志工作发展面临新的机遇与挑战有：国际间各国文化交流与融合进程加快;国家加大了文化建设投入,社会文化需求日益增长,发挥地方志文化资源作用亟待加强;国家信息化建设对地方志工作带来了机遇与挑战;依法修志,强化地方志机构工作职能,拓展工作内容与领域,切实行使依法行政职能和职责成为必然;方志、年鉴编纂体例,记录内容等业务上拓展创新;方志学理论与实践亟待完善与丰富;图书馆、情报部门、博物馆、档案馆等文化事业的快速发展,管理水平、信息技术应用程度和社会知名度的不断提高,给地方志部门带来了压力和动力;地方志人才队伍建设面临的挑战。地方志工作者应从以下几个方面应对：勇于创新,转变职能;依法行政,完善法规;加大对地方志事业科技工作改革创新力度,使科学技术真正成为促进地方志事业快速发展的动力;加大地方志信息化建设力度,提升地方志工作服务社会与管理水平;加强地方志人才队伍建设。     

妀善鼎铭文考释

首都师范大学历史博物馆近年征集的妀善鼎,器、盖同铭。铭文记述了(己其)晏生之孙为其母或妻子妀善作器。根据器形、纹饰及铭文判断,妀善鼎属于春秋早期的可能性较大。妀善鼎为探索先泰时期(己其)国的地望、历史以及其与晏族的关系等提供了重要资料。     

Provenance of Zhangzhou export blue-and-white and its clay source

Trace element compositions of 25 shards of Chinese Late Ming export blue-and-white porcelain from Zhangzhou and Jingdezhen kilns are analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Principle components analysis and REE distribution curves are used to establish method for provenance unknown Chinese export blue-and-white porcelain which may have originated from Zhangzhou or Jingdezhen kilns. By matching the REE distribution curves of Zhangzhou kiln samples and parent rocks of the possible clay sources used to make Zhangzhou blue-and-white, and comparing it with previous results of geological, geochemical and archaeological researches, the clay used for producing Zhangzhou export blue-and-white has been identified as having been collected from the weathered shells of a nearby potassium feldspar miarolitic granite outcrop.     

New exposure of loess deposits in Boyanychi (Ukraine) — Results of thermoluminescence analyses

The loess site at Boynychi (the Volyn Upland) is of essential importance for the stratigraphy of Middle and Upper Pleistocene in Central Europe. The profile was recently dated by Fedorowicz and Prylypko in 2007 (parallel dating), and by Kusiak in 2009. The Upper Vistulian loesses are much thicker in the exposure from 2009 than in the earlier examined one (2007). The list of results obtained in the Gdańsk, Kiev and Lublin laboratories, respectively, can be divided in two. The first group contains the results obtained for the Horohiv and Korshiv pedocomplexes and for the loess from the penultimate glacial, which separates these pedocomplexes. The results from all laboratories are very similar and rather well describe the real age of dated deposits. The second group contains the widely differing results of dating of the Vistulian loesses. The TL ages obtained by Fedorowicz and Prylypko are considerably older than those obtained by Kusiak in the new exposure. The latter ones excellently correspond to the geologic-stratigraphic interpretation of the profile. Two incompatible series of TL dating results indicate that local variability of loess accumulation conditions in different stages of their formation may have resulted in incomplete luminescence zeroing of mineral material before deposition.     

Dendrochronological methods for reconstructing mass movements — An example of landslide activity analysis using tree-ring eccentricity

Dendrochronological methods can be applied to the reconstruction of different types of environmental events such as climate changes, fires, glacier movements, floods, earthquakes, volcano activity. In the field of geomorphology dendrochronology is increasingly frequently used for the absolute dating of different types of mass-movements (rock falls, landslides and debris flows, etc.). Trees growing on slopes transformed by mass-movements are tilted and wounded while their stems and root systems are exposed or buried under sediment. These events are recorded in wood anatomy as eccentric growth, reaction wood, scar overgrowth by callous tissue, changes in cell size or adventitious root production. Dating changes in wood anatomy allows to date and precisely reconstruct the spatial and temporal occurrence of mass-movements with at least one year resolution. The paper provides a review of existing dendrochronological tools used in geomorphology and also an example of the application of eccentric tree-growth to reconstruct landsliding. Using tree-ring eccentricity allows to (1) obtain a dynamic depiction of slopes, (2) study landslide activity, not only contemporary, but also in the last tens of hundreds of years (depending on the stand age).     

Cretaceous aggregate and reservoir effect in dating of binding materials

Lime mortars may contain carbon from different origins. If the mortars are made of totally burnt lime, radiocarbon dating yields the true age of building construction. The presence of carbonaceous aggregates gives the so-called dead carbon effect, which may generate older ages. Another source of carbon is charcoal present in mortars. An attempt has been made to apply the radiocarbon method to mortars of archaeologically estimated age from the Dead Sea region. Petrographical analyses of these samples show the carbonaceous character of the binder and large amounts of limestone aggregate. Determination of the mineral composition of the mortars and comparison with the geology of the surrounding, allows the provenance of the raw materials to be identified. They probably represent the Cretaceous rocks of the Judea Group. Separate radiocarbon dates were made on bulk mortar samples, binder, charcoal fragments and separated fractions from mortars. In the case of binder-aggregate mixture the reservoir effect correction has been applied.     

南京报恩寺阿育王塔出土香料溯源研究

2008年南京报恩寺阿育王塔出土了白木香和乳香两种北宋时期香料。本文梳理了南京报恩寺及阿育王塔的历史,通过文献说明了阿育王塔与宋代长干寺圣感舍利宝塔的关系;整理了我国古代典籍中对白木香和乳香的记载,考证出阿育王塔中的白木香乃沉香中的上品,乳香是印度的上品乳香-滴乳;探究了七宝阿育王塔中装藏白木香和乳香的缘由。最后,综合前人对现代白木香和乳香有效化学成分的分析结果,比较了阿育王塔出土白木香和乳香的有效化学成分。     

民族地区建党建政对马克思主义理论的丰富与发展

中国共产党在民族地区建党建政的理论与实践丰富和发展了马克思主义的理论宝库,主要体现在：坚持以马克思主义为指导,探寻符合民族地区实际的建党建政思路;高度重视建党与建政的紧密联系,以党的建设带动政权建设;创新民族地区政权模式,实行民族区域自治制度;培养选拔高素质民族干部,确保各族人民当家作主;确立民族工作的主题,致力于各民族实现科学发展;高举爱国主义旗帜,始终维护民族团结和国家统一。     

青海民族地区新社会阶层政治参与研究

政治参与是政治学研究的重要命题,也是民主政治建设的重要内容。现阶段,公民政治参与在我国政治发展中居于十分重要的地位。作为我国新社会阶层重要组成部分的民族地区的新社会阶层,他们不仅是民族地区经济社会发展不可缺少的重要社会力量,也是推动民族地区政治发展的重要力量。目前,民族地区新社会阶层的政治参与还没有引起人们的足够重视,他们的政治参与权利还没有充分体现出来,还缺乏健全的法律制度保障。这种状况不仅不利于民族地区新社会阶层的自身发展,而且也不利于民族地区的稳定和健康发展。要重视民族地区新社会阶层合理的政治利益诉求,引导他们有序政治参与,从而把他们的活力和创造力整合、凝聚到社会主义现代化建设事业中来,为地区经济社会又好又快发展,为民族地区社会稳定和民族进步做出积极贡献。