LES ACCIDENTS DE LA ROUTE ET LES CONTRAVENTIONS ROUTIÈRES AU QUÉBEC: ANALYSE GÉOGRAPHIQUE

Cet article traite de la relation géographique entre les accidents de la route et l'intervention policière sur les routes en milieu rural. On pose la question à savoirsi les accidents se produisent généralement là ou les policiers assurent une certaine intervention et surveillance et si, réciproquement, les caractéristiques géographiques des accidents incitent des interventions spécifiques des forces publiques. L'analyse permet de constater la distribution géographique des accidents et des contraventions. If existe également des lieux communs regroupant en nombre considérable les deux types d'événements. Les courbes de distribution selon les mois, jours et heures sont toutes spécifiques. En conclusion, l'article constate que la correspondance géographique entre accidents et contraventions est caractéristique du milieu étudié mais l'inadéuation temporelle en limite la relation. On s'interroge enfin sur le fait que l'intervention policièe pourrait ne pas etre suffisamment planifiée. This article deals with the geographical aspects of highway safety in a rural area. Using two different databanks, the research attempts to establish a correlation between car accidents and the frequency of police intervention (traffic tickets) in specific geographical locations. Is there a higher frequency of highway accidents in areas where patrolmen frequently hand out tickets to motorists? Research results indicate a concentration of accidents occurring in geographic areas where tickets are frequently given out. However, the period in time when tickets are given out does not correspond to the period in time when accidents happen. In conclusion, the authors question the nature of police intervention.     

Reconciliation and research in Afghanistan: an analytical narrative

This article examines the evolution of western policy towards the idea of pursuing negotiations with the Taliban, or ‘reconciliation’, in Afghanistan and the role that research and expert opinion played in that process. The official western position has evolved iteratively from initial rejection to near complete embrace of exploring the potential for talks. It is widely assumed that the deteriorating security situation was the sole determinant of this major policy reversal, persuading decision‐makers to rethink what had once been deemed unthinkable. Moreover, given the politicized and sensitive nature of the subject, we might expect the potential for outside opinion to influence decision‐makers to be low. Nevertheless, this article demonstrates that it would be a mistake to underestimate the role that research and expert knowledge played—the story is more nuanced and complex. Research coalesced, sometimes prominently, with other key drivers to spur and shape policy change. Importantly, it often took experts to make sense of events on the ground, especially where the failure of the military approach was not recognized, understood or palatable to those in official circles. Research interacted with changing events, policy windows, the emergence of new personalities and the actions of various intermediaries to shape emerging positions. More broadly, the case of reconciliation in Afghanistan reveals the difficulties and challenges, but also the variety of opportunities and techniques, for achieving research influence in conflict‐affected environments.     

Mead-Halls of the Oiscingas: A New Kentish Perspective on the Anglo-Saxon Great Hall Complex Phenomenon

THE GREAT HALL complex represents one of the most distinctive and evocative expressions of the Anglo-Saxon settlement record, and is widely cited as a metaphor for the emergence of kingship in early medieval England. Yet interpretation of these sites remains underdeveloped and heavily weighted towards the excavated findings from the well-known site of Yeavering in Northumberland. Inspired by the results of recent excavations at Lyminge, Kent, this paper undertakes a detailed comparative interrogation of three great hall complexes in Kent, and exploits this new regional perspective to advance our understanding of the agency and embodied meanings of these settlements as ‘theatres of power’. Explored through the thematic prisms of place, social memory and monumental hybridity, this examination leads to a new appreciation of the involvement of great hall sites in the genealogical strategies of 7th-century royal dynasties and a fresh perspective on how this remarkable, yet short-lived, monumental idiom was adapted to harness the symbolic capital of Romanitas.     

Contesting Commerce: Gibbons v. Ogden, Steam Power, and Social Change

The U.S. Supreme Court case Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) ¹ represents one of the most significant yet least understood cases in the history of American jurisprudence. Most accounts depict the case as a constitutional showdown between former New Jersey Governor Aaron Ogden and his estranged business partner, a Georgian businessman and planter named Thomas Gibbons. Ogden charged Gibbons with operating a steamboat on the Hudson River in violation of the Fulton–Livingston Steamboat monopoly that controlled steam travel in the state of New York. In March 1824, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled for the Supreme Court that Gibbons' federal coasting license trumped a state grant issued to Ogden by the Fulton–Livingston syndicate. ²