长沙市博物馆藏近现代山水画赏析

长沙市博物馆藏有不少山水画作品,其中有少量是明清二代的,主体为近现代名家作品。藏品为旧年入藏或近年来征集所得。现就馆藏中几件晚清至近现代画家创作的山水画作品略作整理,向读者介绍。铁耕斋图卷(清)沈翰等纵18、横87厘米纸本水墨沈翰(1842-1913年),字咏荪,号醉白,浙江山阴(今绍兴)人。工书画,善临摹古画,与道州何诗孙(维朴)、淮宁姜颖孙(筠)齐名,世称"三孙"。     

罗马帝国情报系统的建设

罗马帝国情报系统始建自奥古斯都时代,后经发展,成为各类情报讯息、文书政令流转的渠道和中央联系地方的纽带。情报系统以维护国家安全和贯彻中央集权为根本目标,通过开发情报资源、拓展情报任务,疏导各类情报讯息的流向,将纷繁复杂的情报活动纳入到国家行政体系、控御体系和边防体系实际运作中,凸显出中央集权的表征和趋向,顺应了制度与权力的变迁。     

古道遗珍 记国家博物馆《丝绸之路》大型文物展览

2014年11月10日,APEC会议在北京召开,与此同时,由文化部、国家文物局与陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆、河南六省区人民政府联合主办,中国国家博物馆承办的大型文物展览——《丝绸之路》于11月6日在北京中国国家博物馆开幕。展览汇集了来自全国16个省区市44家文博单位的490余件文物珍品,     

瑞象重明 雷峰塔文物陈列精品赏析

十世纪初,唐王朝分崩离析。从后梁开平元年(907年)朱温篡唐至北宋建隆元年(960年)赵匡胤代周,半个多世纪中,南北再次分裂,中原北方地区兵革重兴,梁、唐、晋、汉、周五代走马灯般更替,国祚短促。与此同时,在南方及山西地区,出现了十个独立政权,或称帝,或建国。吴越国便是这一时期东南沿海地区极为重要的地方政权,杭州临安人钱镠创立,唐乾宁三年(896年)统一两浙,领镇海、     

破土器、庖厨刀或铡草刀——长江下游新石器时代及早期青铜时代石器分析之二

三角形石刀是长江下游地区良渚文化和青铜时代早期文化的一种特殊形状的石器,其功能众说不一,不少考古学家认为它是作为农业工具使用的"破土器"。通过对浙江湖州毘山遗址出土的两件商代三角形石刀进行微痕分析,并与采用复制石器进行实验考古后所得到的微痕进行比较,可知,毘山三角形石刀不是"破土器",而可能是用来切断植物茎叶的铡刀。     

‘Dead dads’: memory narratives of war-related fatherlessness in Germany

After the Second World War, there were estimated to be around 20 million half-orphans in Europe. In Germany alone, 5.3 million soldiers killed in action left behind approximately 1.2 million widows, nearly 2.5 million half-orphans and about 100,000 complete orphans. This article examines how men and women from various social strata in western and eastern Germany remember their fathers who died in the war and in what way he has been stored in the family's collective memory. The analysis focuses on 30 life-history interviews with men and women from eastern and western Germany with various social and religious backgrounds, all of whom were born between 1935 and 1945 and had little or no memory of their fathers. The following questions are relevant: what memories did children have of their fathers, and what images of them were related by mothers and relatives? What individual, political, social and memory-cultural factors characterise a child's memory of her or his father? The article also analyses trans-generational transmissions and conflicts of how the father's past is remembered.     

简论志书民族篇章记述

志书民族内容具有特殊的文化属性和政治属性,是志书的地方特色之一,尤其是民族自治地区所编志书。通过提高对民族篇章的地位和作用的认识,分析民族篇章编写存在的一些普遍问题,可以重新确定志书民族篇章的记述规范和要求,从而使志书功能得到更好的发挥。     

大冶香炉山遗址采集炉渣初步研究

对湖北省大冶市香炉山遗址采集的20个炉渣样品进行了扫描电镜检测,发现了炼制锑青铜、锡铅青铜、生铁的炉渣。重点对锡铅青铜的冶炼流程进行了推断,认为该遗址首先使用伴生有铅镍砷等元素的铜矿石进行还原冶炼,再添加锡料生产以锡铅为主要合金元素并含有镍砷的青铜,先后排出不含锡和含锡的两种高铁型炉渣。香炉山遗址出现的青铜生产证据,预示着大冶地区可能存在着相当规模的有别于中原的早期青铜产业,对探讨鄂东南地区早期冶金技术与当地文明的演进关系具有重要意义。     

欧洲思想史研究范式转换的学术路径

在西方学术界,一直具有重视思想史研究的传统。通过对思想史研究学术史的考察可以发现,长久以来,虽然思想史研究一直是欧洲学术界重点研究的领域,但还没有真正形成"历史性"的考察。20世纪80年代,"剑桥学派"的兴起才改变了这一研究范式。与此同时,以昆廷·斯金纳和德国的考斯莱克为代表的一些学者又提出"概念史"这一新的研究范式。值得注意的是,最近几年,学者们又在新的全球化的背景下提出思想史的"国际转向"。目前,思想史研究一方面正在深化对具体内容的研究,另一方面,也同时展开了对思想史研究范式本身的反思和讨论。而对这种学术史的梳理和反思将会有助于我们理解欧洲学术界研究范式不断推陈出新的基础和动力,以及重构思想史研究未来的取向与学术特性。     

Latent trajectory models for space‐time analysis: An application in deciphering spatial panel data

This article introduces latent trajectory models (LTMs), an approach often employed in social sciences to handle longitudinal data, to the arena of GIScience, particularly space‐time analysis. Using the space‐time data collected at county level for the whole United States through webpage search on the keyword “climate change,” we show that LTMs, when combined with eigenvector filtering of spatial dependence in data, are very useful in unveiling temporal trends hidden in such data: the webpage‐data derived popularity measure for climate change has been increasing from December 2011 to March 2013, but the increase rate has been slowing down. In addition, LTMs help reveal potential mechanisms behind observed space‐time trajectories through linking the webpage‐data derived popularity measure about climate change to a set of socio‐demographic covariates. Our analysis shows that controlling for population density, greater drought exposure, higher percent of people who are 16 years old or above, and higher household income are positively predictive of the trajectory slopes. Higher percentages of Republicans and number of hot days in summer are negatively related to the trajectory slopes. Implications of these results are examined, concluding with consideration of the potential utility of LTMs in space‐time analysis and more generally in GIScience.