《巩昌分属图说》初探

《巩昌分属图说》是一套彩绘的中国传统山水画式舆图及图说,为研究明代西北边防的重要图籍。笔者主要结合历史文献,从历史地理角度对舆图绘制的时间、背景、内容作了梳理和考证。     

Wild or domesticated: DNA analysis of ancient water buffalo remains from north China

Recent zooarchaeological studies on water buffalo (Bubalus sp.) remains from China and south Asia question the traditional view that water buffalo were first domesticated in Neolithic China over 7000 years ago. The results from several recent population genetic studies of modern domesticated buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) are not consistent with each other, placing the original center of buffalo's domestication in south Asia, southeast Asia, or China. This paper reports a study using an ancient DNA approach to analyze water buffalo remains from Neolithic sites in north China to investigate their affinities with modern domesticated water buffalo, and to shed light on the origin of modern domesticated water buffalo in China.A 169 bp fragment of D-loop mitochondrial DNA was successfully amplified and verified for 13 of 24 bone samples obtained from seven archaeological sites along the Wei River valley in Shaanxi Province, China. The bone samples which yielded positive DNA can be dated to 8000–3600 cal. BP. The phylogenetic analysis of the obtained DNA sequences along with modern water buffalo sequences indicated that the ancient water buffalos were not the direct ancestor of modern domesticated water buffalo. However, the phylogenetic analysis, along with BLAST searches of these ancient DNA sequences, did demonstrate their relatedness to water buffalo more so than to any other bovid species, confirming the existence of indigenous wild (but now extinct) water buffalo species (B. mephistopheles) in ancient China.The DNA analysis of these ancient remains failed to establish direct links between modern domesticated water buffalo (B. bubalis) and indigenous water buffalo (B. mephistopheles) from ancient China. If further DNA studies of more ancient remains from other regions of China confirm the observation of solely indigenous water buffalo species in ancient China, it would suggest modern water buffalo might not have been first domesticated in China.     

股东资格确认的法律问题研究

本文针对新《公司法》第33条确立的股东资格确认标准,就实践中出现的股东资格确认问题,对股东资格确认应当遵循的原则、要件及可能证据的效力进行了阐述,并进一步提出解决股东资格确认问题的对策。     

发挥媒体对建设社会主义核心价值体系的促进作用

建设社会主义核心价值体系,新闻媒体担负着重要责任。新闻媒体及其工作者要加深对社会主义核心价值体系的理解,准确把握其丰富内涵和基本要求,把社会主义核心价值体系的要求贯穿到宣传报道之中,在建设社会主义核心价值体系中发挥积极作用。     

农村现代化道路的理论探源——对马克思、恩格斯关于农民理论的重新审视

中国农村的现代化实践是一场以马克思主义为指导的探索活动。本文力求将马克思主义关于农民问题的相关理论和实证分析结合起来,论述了马克思等关于农民理论的立足点及其发展,分析了农业集体化道路及其挫折,通过对经典理论的重新审视,进而得出对社会主义农业现代化道路的启示.     

“运动”中的理性人——华北土改期间各阶层的形势判断和行为选择

本文从微观互动论视角和“理性人”假设出发,探讨华北土改运动期间各阶层的形势判断和行为特征。在土改运动中,乡村社会成员被赋予不同的阶级身份,他们在此基础上对革命形势和自身处境加以判断,进而作出相应的行为选择。其中,地主、富农选择余地较小,只能在极度不利的条件下艰难博弈,以规避更坏的结果;而贫、雇农在运动中居于优势地位,其行为方式体现出理性农民与道义农民之间的张力;中农则在安全与利益两种考量之间进行权衡,而前者常占据上风,成为其行为选择的基本依据。     

赵宝沟文化与周围考古学文化的关系

赵宝沟文化分布在西起大兴安岭,东到医巫山和渤海西岸,北起西拉木伦河流域,南抵滦河流域.年代在公元前5500-公元前4500年①.     

网络时代与现代酒店整体运作的E模式

本以“信息”作为创新资源予以整合,诠释了现代酒店的信息管理(E)模式在网络时代的全新运作及其对传统酒店经营管理带来的新理念、新思考。     

"守旧"的智慧和勇气--论孙春平及其小说

孙春平,当代满族作家,1974年发表学作品,以写作小说为主,本综合评论了孙春平的创作思想、原则和其小说的突出特点。章认为,孙春平的小说最为鲜明的特点是具有强烈的现实主义风格,在各种学流派兴起之际,孙春平能够坚持并取得了良好的成绩,是难能可贵的。同时对孙春平强化小说的故事性、生活性和对和谐的美学追求三个方面,进行了深入论述。孙春平之所以能够在坛上引人注目,正是因为他在坚持现实主义创作原则际,表现出了智慧、勇气和艺术水准。     

青州驻防城建城概述

青州驻防城为清代全国八旗驻防要地之一,其工程浩繁巨大,史称“呈属创始,其衙署营房规式无旧例可循”本根据宫中和地方档案及稗官野史,民间口碑,较详实地概述了建城经过,八旗民兵进驻情况,为研究清代八旗驻防,满族人口迁徒和民族区域史,提供了重要根据。