陕西文学地理初探

本文通过对形成现当代陕西文学地域差异的自然地理因素与人文地理因素进行研究,探索文学空间分异机制,构建文学地理学相应的理论框架。陕西文学发展程度存在地域不平衡,其中地理条件优越,经济、文化发达地区以及交通要道、文化交流较多的地区多是文学发展程度较高的地区。自然景观的单调与繁复除直接影响着文风的质朴与瑰丽外,更多的通过在地理环境基础上形成的有着独特区域特点的经济类型、生活方式,以及由此所衍生的民风民性等方面曲折地影响着文学家,进而影响其风格。     

Chemical and Mineralogical Alteration of Ceramics from A Late Bronze Age Kiln At Kommos,Crete: the Effect On the Formation of A Reference Group

The formation of reference groups comprises an important procedure in chemical provenance studies of archaeological pottery. Material from ancient kilns is thought to be especially suitable for reference groups, as it comprises a definite unit of past production. Pottery from the Late Minoan IA kiln excavated at Kommos, Crete was analysed in order to produce a reference group in this important area of Minoan ceramic production. The samples were characterized by a combination of techniques providing information on the chemistry, mineralogy and microstructure of the ceramic body. Initially, the study was unable to establish, in a straightforward manner, a chemical reference group. Different ceramic pastes and a range of selective alterations and contaminations, affected by variable firing temperatures and burial environment, were shown to be responsible for the compositional variability. Procedures are described to compensate for such alterations and the perturbations in the data that they produce.     

康熙《安东卫志》与明清安东卫城

安东卫自明初设置,未有官方志书成书,现存最早的《安东卫志》为康熙十二年(1673)刻本,由安东卫当地士绅秀才赵自修等人在赵应元、苏敷生私家旧本的基础上修订而成,经今人整理,成为研究安东卫城的重要史料。康熙《安东卫志》的材料以明嘉靖、万历之后较为可信,并无明初筑城的准确记载,仅能确定嘉靖年间卫城曾有修缮,但志书自监修以下均采信"青鸾衔旗,汤和筑城"的民间故事,并为后续史志沿用。安东卫背山面海,不适耕种,设卫主要目的在于发挥其海防备倭的军事功能。乾隆七年(1742)安东卫并入日照县,由军事防卫单位转变为基层行政单位。     

贾谊《新书》之传世辨解

今本署名汉初政论家贾谊的《新书》或《贾子》一书,自宋以来屡受质疑,如宋朱熹语"贾谊新书除了《汉书》中所载,余亦难得粹者,看来只是贾谊一杂记稿耳.中间事事有些个."①贾谊及其政治学说对于我们理解形成于战国末至汉初的折衷主义哲学至关重要.     

陕西旬邑西头遗址出土彩绘白灰面的成分和工艺分析

对陕西旬邑县西头遗址出土的彩绘白灰面进行了成分和制作工艺分析。采用偏光显微分析、扫描电镜能谱、X射线衍射,拉曼光谱分析了该彩绘面的颜料和石灰层成分,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析了该彩绘面的胶料成分。结果表明,该彩绘面的颜料由铁红,铁黄和绿土构成。白灰层由碳酸钙构成,部分样品中存在双层白灰层。GC-MS分析表明,该彩绘面的胶料含动物胶,可能还含蛋类。通过比较研究发现,旬邑彩绘白灰面的制作工艺和与后期壁画制作工艺相似,对其组成和工艺的研究将有助于探索先周时期关中地区壁画的起源和发展。     

乡村旅游开发理念批判

本文归纳提出了乡村旅游开发对客源市场的核心吸引元素是"三乡二土"特色。针对目前在乡村旅游开发和经营进程中表现出来的理念误区加以分析和批判。在此基础上,提出了发展乡村旅游深层次开发新的思路:特色观念上的"守旧创新";市场观念上的"主导市场";人际交往观念上"主宾关系";产品观念上"四季花开"。试以引导乡村旅游开发走向科学而健康的道路。     

Modified innovation diffusion — A way to explain the diffusion of cholera in Linköping in 1866? A study in methods

This article seeks to simulate diffusions of cholera from different water sources in the town of Linköping in 1866. The innovation diffusion theory, developed by Hägerstrand, has been used and modified. The article also investigates if it is possible to ascertain which water sources were contaminated during the cholera epidemic of 1866. The modifications of the theory of innovation diffusion resulted in a simulation model, which took into consideration the distribution of the population and barriers. The model corresponded with reality both in graphic and cartographic comparisons. With the help of the model, three water sources were identified as having been the probable cholera spreaders.