Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Ancient Egyptian Pigments

The application of FT‐Raman spectroscopy and visible Raman microscopy to the non‐destructive analysis of pigment specimens excavated from Tell el Amarna by Flinders Petrie in the 1890s has provided information about the chemical composition of the materials used by XVIIIth Dynasty artists in the New Kingdom at the time of King Akhenaten, c. 1340 bc. Comparison of the Raman spectra of the samples labelled ‘red and yellow ochre’ with documented, archival material from geological collections provided a clear indication of the materials used in the iron(III) oxide/hydroxide system, including α‐hematite, goethite, maghemite, magnetite and lepidocrocite. The yellow–orange specimen labelled ‘realgar’ proved to be a mixture of realgar and pararealgar; since the specimen had been sheltered from light since its excavation, this could indicate that the ancient Egyptian artists recognized the colour variation and may have used this to effect in their decorations. A specimen of yellow ochre contained goethite, α‐FeO.OH, with particles of crystalline, highly ordered graphite; in contrast, the red ochre specimens contained amorphous carbon particles.     

The Planning System in Northern Ireland Post-devolution

Devolution within the UK has produced new systems of governance within Scotland and Wales and restored to Northern Ireland local accountability following three decades of direct administration. The paper reviews the different status of Northern Ireland to provide both an understanding of the context in which planning has been set and the new structures that are taking shape. Particular focus is placed upon the ambitious mechanisms underlying the Agreement between the political parties in the province. The paper discusses how planning issues and responsibilities have moved from one highly centralized government department pre-devolution to effectively three new departments thereby providing a test not only of joined-up governance but of the ability of the new devolved structures to work effectively. Challenges posed by the different competencies are debated and emerging issues are discussed in terms of coherent planning at regional, subregional and local levels.     

Book reviews

Paul Dibb (ed.), Australia's External Relations in the 1980s: The Interaction of Economic, Political and Strategic Factors. Croom Helm Australia, Canberra, 1983, pp. 227. $19.95.

Grant Wardlaw, Political Terrorism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982, pp. xiii + 218. $14.95.

B. E. O'Neill, W. R, Heaton and D. J. Alberts (eds), Insurgency in the Modern World. Westview Press, Boulder Co., 1980, pp. xii + 291. $US39.00

Michael Chisholm, Modern World Development. Hutchinson World Library, London, 1982, pp. 216. $17.95.

David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France, and Eastern Europe, 1930–1939. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1980, pp. xvi + 346. $US33.00 (cloth); $US16.50 (paper).

Walter Laqueur, Europe Since Hitter: The Rebirth of Europe. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, England, 1982, pp. 607. $9.95.

Michael Newman, Socialism and European Unity: The Dilemma of the Left in Britain and France. Junction Books, London, 1983, pp. 292. $14.95.

Mervyn Matthews, Education in the Soviet Union. Policies and Institutions since Stalin. George Allen and Unwin, London, 1982, pp. xiv + 225. $15.95.

H. F. & W. F. Scott, The Soviet Control Structure: Capabilities for Wartime Survival. Crane Russak, New York, 1983, pp. x + 146. No price given.

David Wilson, The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. Croom Helm, London and Canberra, 1983, pp. 130. $37.95.

John L. Esposito (ed.), Voices of Resurgent Islam. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1983, pp. vii + 294. $20.00

John W.. Longworth, Beef in Japan: Politics, Production, Marketing and Trade. University of Queensland Press, St Lucia, 1983, pp xxvii + 327. $25.00.

John K. Fairbank, Edwin O. Reischauer and Albert M. Craig, East Asia: Tradition and Transformation. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, new impression 1983, pp. xvi + 982. $45.95

Keith Hancock, Yoko Sano, Bruce Chapman and Pamela Fayle (eds), Japanese and Australian labour markets: A comparative study. Australia‐Japan Research Centre, Canberra and Tokyo, 1983, pp. xx+ 610. No price given.

Lesleyanne Hawthorne (ed.), Refugee: The Vietnamese Experience. Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1982, pp. xvi + 330. $29.00 (cloth); $ 14.99 (paper).

Stuart Harris and Brian Bridges, European Interests in ASEAN. Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chathan House Papers No. 19, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1983, pp. 89. £4.95.

H. W. Arndt, The Indonesian Economy: Collected Papers, Chopmen Publishers, Singapore, 1984, pp. viii + 279. $S.56.00 (cloth); $S.36.00 (paper).

Y. Sugimoto and R. E. Mouer, Japanese Society: Stereotypes and Realities (pp. 41, 1982); F. Freiberg, Women in Mizoguchi Films (pp. 39, 1981); D. F. Henderson, Joint Ventures and Investments in Japan (pp. 23, 1981); Y. Sugimoto, H. Shimada & S. B. Levine, Industrial Relations in Japan (pp. 58, 1982); S. Tsurumi, Japanese Conceptions of Asia (pp. 20, 1982); Vera Mackie, Japanese Children and Politeness (pp. 42, 1982); J. A. A. Stockwin, The Rights and Lefts of Japanese Politics (pp. 13, 1984); P. Sheard, Auto Production Systems in Japan (pp. 80, 1983); T. Matsuzawa, Japanese Fascism and the Tenno Imperial State (pp. 17, 1984); R. Hidaka, Democracy and the ‘Control State’ in Japan (pp. 38, 1984); J. V. Neustupny, Communicating with the Japanese (pp. 18, 1984).

All published by the Japanese Studies Centre, Clayton, Victoria. Price $3.00 except that by Sheard which is $8.00.

David Goldsworthy, Tom Mboya: The Man Kenya Wanted to Forget. Heinemann Educational Books, Nairobi, 1982, pp. xii + 308. No price given.

Jock McCulloch, Black Soul White Artifact. Fanon's Clinical Psychology and Social Theory. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983, pp. xi + 249. $56.00.

Jay R. Mandle, Patterns of Caribbean Development: An Interpretive Essay on Economic Change. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1982, pp. xi + 156. $35.80

A. L. Weeks and W. C. Bodie (eds), War and Peace: Soviet Russia Speaks (with an essay by F. R. Barnett). National Strategy Information Centre, Inc., New York, 1983, pp. 51. $1.95.

J. E. Larson and W. C. Bodie, The Intelligent Layperson's Guide to the Nuclear Freeze and Peace Debate. National Strategy Information Centre, Inc., New York, 1983, pp. 65. $2.95.

Laurio H. Destefani, Malvinas, Georgia y Sandwich del Sur, ante el Conflicto con Gran Bretana. Edipress S.A., Buenos Aires, 1982, pp. 144. No price given.

Myriam Dornoy, Politics in New Caledonia. Sydney University Press, Sydney, 1984, pp. xvi + 302. $42.50.

L. W. Johnson, Colonial Sunset. Australia and Papua New Guinea 1970–74. University of Queensland Press, St Lucia, 1983, pp. 271. $24.95.

James Sinclair, Uniting a Nation: The Postal and Telecommunication Services of Papua New Guinea. Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1984, pp. 287. $20.00.

K. Buckley and K. Klugman, ‘The Australian Presence in the Pacific’. Burns Philp 1914–1946. George Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1983, pp. 392. $19.95.

M. Meleisea et al., Politics in Polynesia. Institute of Pacific Studies of the University of the South Pacific, Suva, 1983, pp. 262. $F8.00.

R. Teiwaki et al., Politics in Micronesia. Institute of Pacific Studies of the University of the South Pacific, Suva, 1983, pp. 168. $F8.00.

P. Larmour with S. Tarua (eds), Solomon Islands Politics. Institute of Pacific Studies of the University of the South Pacific, Suva, 1983, pp. 305. $F11.00 (cloth); $F8.00 (paper).     

Book reviews

John C. Garnett, Commonsense and the Theory of International Politics. Macmillan, London, 1984, pp. x + 153. $14.95

Moshe M. Czudnowski, Political Elites and Social Change. Northern Illinois University Press, Dekalb, 1983, pp. xi + 255. $US 12.50.

J. Breuilly, Nationalism and the State. Manchester University Press. Manchester, 1982, pp. 421. £25.00.

Dudley Seers, The Political Economy of Nationalism. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1983, pp. xii + 218. $37.50 (cloth), $17.40 (paper).

Otto van den Muijzenberg, Pieter Streefland and Willem Wolters (eds.), Focus on the Region in Asia. Comparative Asian Studies Program, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, 1982, pp. 349. No price given.

Frank Moulaert and Patricia W. Salinas (eds.), Regional Analysis and the New International Division of Labour. Kluwer‐Nijhoff, Boston, 1983, pp. 171. $29.30.

T. Duncan and J. Fogarty, Australia and Argentina: On Parallel Paths. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1984, pp. xiv + 172. $22.50

A. Curthoys and J. Merritt (eds), Australia's First Cold War 1945–1953 vol.1 Society, Communism and Culture. George Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1984, pp. xiv + 243. $24.95 (cloth), $12.95 (paper).

C. O'Faircheallaigh, Mining and Development. Groom Helm, London and Sydney, 1984, pp. 302. $33.95.

C. O'Faircheallaigh, Host Countries and Multinationals. Canberra Studies in World Affairs No.7. Department of International Relations, Australian National University, Canberra, 1982. pp. 106. $6.00

Anthony Verrier, Through the Looking Glass: British Foreign Policy in the Age of Illusions. Jonathan Cape, London, 1983, pp. x +385. £12.50

Ritchie Ovendale (ed.), The Foreign Policy of the British Labour Governments 1945–1951. Leicester University Press, Leichester, 1984, pp. 198. £15.00.

Bernard Porter, Britain, Europe, the World 1850–1982: Delusions of Grandeur. Allen & Unwin, London, 1983, pp. xv + 178. $27.00

Elim Papadakis, The Green Movement in West Germany. Croom Helm, London and Canberra, 1984, pp. 230. $31.95.

Yoo See‐Hee (ed.), Political Leadership and Economic Development: Korea and China. The Institute for Sino‐Soviet Studies, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, 1983, pp. vii + 240. No price given.

Kalyani Bandyopadhyaya, Burma and Indonesia: Comparative Political Economy & Foreign Policy. South Asian Publishers, New Delhi and Madras, 1983, pp. vii + 250. No price given.

Narongchai Akrsanee (ed.), ASEAN‐Japan Relations: Trade and Development. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore, 1983, pp. viii + 191. $US15.00.

Sueo Sekiguchi (ed.), ASEAN‐Japan Relations: Investment, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore, 1983, pp. viii + 274. $US 16.00.

K.K. Nair, ASEAN — Indochina Relations Since 1975: the Politics of Accommodation. The Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, Canberra, 1984, pp. 239. $10.00

John Drysdale, Singapore: Struggle For Success. George Allen & Unwin Australia, Sydney, 1984. pp. xxiv + 506. No price given.

David Bourchier, Dynamics of Dissent in Indonesia: Sawito and the Phantom Coup. Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, Ithaca, New York, pp. 128. $US9.00.

Tariq Ali, Can Pakistan Survive? Penguin Books, Harmonds‐worth, 1983, pp. 237. $7.95.

Robert C. Marshall, Collective Decision Making in Rural Japan. Michigan Papers in Japanese Studies No. 11, Centre for Japanese Studies, Ann Arbor, 1984, pp. xiii + 178. $US7.00.

Deon Geldenhuys, The Diplomacy of Isolation: South African Foreign Policy Making. Macmillan, Johannesburg, 1984, pp. 295. R 19.95.     

(Just) a walk with the dog? Animal geographies and negotiating walking spaces

In this paper, we present findings from interviews conducted with people who walk with dogs. Drawing on new walking studies and animal geographies as our theoretical framework, we adopt the view that walking is more than just walking; it is often a highly sensual and complex activity. We argue that walking with dogs represents a potentially important cultural space for making sense of human–animal relations. We show how the personalities of both dog and walker can shape not only walking practices, but also the human–animal bond. We contend that the walk is a significant arena where relations of power between animal and human are consciously mediated. We also provide evidence which indicates the contested nature of walking practices and spaces. We conclude that the dog walk is a useful practice through which to examine human–animal relations and thus to contribute to the field of animal geographies.