The ontogeny of Ellipsocephalus (Trilobita) and systematic position of Ellipsocephalidae

Laibl, L., Fatka, O., Budil, P., Ahlberg, P., Szabad, M., Voká?, V. & Kozák, V., 24.3.2015. The ontogeny of Ellipsocephalus (Trilobita) and systematic position of Ellipsocephalidae. Alcheringa 39, 477–487. ISSN 0311-5518.

Well-preserved early holaspid stages of the Cambrian Series 3 trilobites Ellipsocephalus hoffi (Schlotheim, 1823) and Ellipsocephalus polytomus Linnarsson, 1877 have been discovered in the P?íbram-Jince Basin (Czech Republic) and Jämtland (Sweden), respectively. Both species show remarkable morphological changes during late ontogeny. The earliest holaspides share long genal spines, and long macrospines on the second thoracic segment. Whereas macrospines disappear abruptly in later stages, genal spines are progressively shortened. Consequently, the ontogeny of trilobites of Ellipsocephalidae is revised. The morphology of early meraspid cranidia and ontogenetic patterns in the disappearance of macrospines suggest that this family is closely related to members of Redlichiida rather than Ptychopariida.

Luká? Laibl [lukaslaibl@gmail.com] and Old?ich Fatka [fatka@natur.cuni.cz], Charles University, Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Petr Budil [petr.budil@geology.cz], Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, Prague 1, 118 21, Czech Republic; Per Ahlberg [per.ahlberg@geol.lu.se], Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden; Michal Szabad [geosz.pb@seznam.cz], Obránc? míru 75, 261 02 P?íbram VII, Czech Republic; Václav Voká? [lichas@seznam.cz], Ke Kuka?ce 21, 312 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; Vladislav Kozák [vlada.kozak@tiscali.cz], K Moravině 11/1689, 190 00 Prague 9, Czech Republic.     

The political impact of the European Capital of Culture: ‘Maribor 2012 gave us the power to change the regime’

The European Capital of Culture (ECoC) is a cultural political initiative of the European Union and is perceived as one of the most prestigious events in the community. Existing studies have neglected the political effects of hosting ECoC in terms of engendering regime change in host cities. The present study therefore tries to fill this gap and demonstrates how the cultural policy of Maribor 2012, including its implementation, impacted on local citizens’ communication and political activities and contributed to regime change in the city at the end of the cultural year. The paper employed document analysis, participant observation of all the main processes of ECoC Maribor 2012 and in-depth interviews with management, programme organisers, cultural operators and participants. It shows that through the empowerment of local citizens by means of bottom-up initiatives in the effective planning and implementation of ECoC, they challenged the regime and neoliberal system of Maribor.     

Several Thoughts on Newell's Tyrants

This critical review of Newell's Tyrants consists of two parts. The first one departs from questions Jan Pato?ka, the most important Czech philosopher of the 20^th century, raised in the 1970s in the context of his critical reading of a book by Geoffrey Barraclough, An Introduction to Contemporary History. Pato?ka's criticism of Barraclough, suggested here as a starting point for a dialogue with Newell, departed from Husserl's Crisis of European Sciences and his own interpretation of the current phase of history of mankind as the end of Europe and the arrival of a post-European age. The second part confronts Newell's treatments of tyrants usurping power throughout the human history and his efforts to offer a “homeopathic cure for the tyrannical temptations” that we might see emerging in the future with the concept of totalitarianism elaborated in the political thought of Hannah Arendt.     

Nationalism,liberalism and liberal nationalism in post-war Croatia*

This article analyses ethnic nationalism and liberalism as expressed in the views of Croatians in the aftermath of the 1991–5 war – a war during which ethnic-nationalist rhetoric played a large role. Because the war was part of systemic change in the nation, including the adoption of more democratic and capitalist social formation, we also anticipated economic and political liberalism to be present among a sizeable portion of the population. We provide an analysis of the structural conditions fostering these sentiments, an analysis potentially applicable to a range of societies presently in transition. Based on 1996 survey interviews (N=2,202) conducted throughout Croatia, we show that ethnic nationalism in the Croatian context is more widely shared than is liberalism. The effect of religious fundamentalism, educational attainment and media exposure are as predicted, based on theories of liberalism and nationalism. Wartime experiences and position in the occupational system have a weaker and more mixed influence than hypothesised. Perhaps most importantly, we find that three out of five Croatians embrace both ethnic-national views and views that are distinctly liberal, suggesting that liberal nationalism is now dominant in Croatia. The characteristics of groups holding differing views suggest that recent events and current changes in Croatia bode positively for continued growth of liberal sentiments, but this will not necessarily be at the expense of ethnic nationalism.     

Publications briefly noted

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The analysis of two historic fired artificial stonewares: Coade stone (18th–19th centuries) and a recent discovery from Oxnead Hall,Norfolk (16th–17th centuries)

Coade stone has played a significant role in architectural and ornamental design since its inception in the early 18th century. It is well known that earlier, experimental, architectural stoneware products existed, but few of these have been studied in detail scientifically, and only one major analytical study of Coade stone has appeared in the literature. This paper presents a new spectroscopic analysis of Coade stone along with that of a newly discovered sample from Oxnead Hall in Norfolk where it known that Sir Clement Paston experimented with artificial stone in the late 16th century. The results demonstrate that it is possible to differentiate between the two variants on the basis of both the raw materials used and the different phases formed in their production processes.