THE SLOW FASHION OF TIBETAN HANDMADE BAGS

正The sound of loom weaving comes out of a three-story building in the Lugu Alley off the Barkor Street.Drugyal's wife Norbu Droma and her assistants are making traditional Tibetan bags.The black pulu shop sign stands out in the quiet alley.Step into the shop,you will see wool,calfskin and sheepskin bags hang neatly on the wall.The products on display on the counter are of the current style made for everyday life,while those traditional handmade bags in the inner     

RELATIVES COMING TOGETHER

正The sun shines upon the earth in spring.The Paltang Xuanzi is a well-known dance from Paltang County,Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.In the village committee of Yarigon's Daxu Village,there are over 100 villagers gathered together,discussing something of great importance."Today,I have a bit of good news!"said Sonam Drakpa,party secretary of the town of Yarigong,while surrounded by locals."Lu Guangrong,the party secretary of Chengdu's Xihanggang Street in     

LOZANG BALDEN,THE FOUNDER OF LHASA GANXUAN LANGUAGE SCHOOL

正Lozang Balden,a legendary figure and also the founder and principal of the civilian-run Lhasa Ganxuan School,is widely well-known in the community of Lhasa City.The school is comprised of not only teenage students in preschool,elementary school,middle school,and high school,but     

社会成本分析:制度设置的基本法则——以关于惩戒“包二奶”行为的讨论为例

制度设置必须考虑成本与收益问题。以关于惩戒“包二奶”的讨论为例,“道德派”强调自由与隐私权,主张“把道德的东西还给道德”,“法律派”认为,道德无力时应用法律规范。以成本分析法看,自由与隐私权是社会性的,在家庭仍有社会成本与收益效应时,“包二奶”应得到惩戒,道德惩戒的成本低廉,但在陌生人社会作用有限,法律惩戒成本稍高,但收益可靠。     

Tracing the origin of Chinese early white porcelain in the late sixth century—evidence from Xing kiln

As the criterion used by archaeologists for determining early white porcelain is quite ambiguous, the origin of Chinese white porcelain remains a point of disagreement. In this study, we systematically investigate 61 typical Xing porcelains of the late Northern dynasties to the early Sui dynasty (550–600 CE) using spectrophotometer, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and analyze the differences between early white porcelain and celadon of Xing kiln in terms of their whiteness and raw materials characteristic. The results show that early white porcelain is a new type of ware that differs from celadon, which can be distinguished by whiteness, with a whiteness greater than 8% being early white porcelain and a whiteness less than 8% being celadon. It is assumed that the ancient potters created the whiter wares based on celadon by improving the glaze and selecting new raw materials for the body, but the production of this type of ware was short lived and subsequently refined in the Sui dynasty (581–618 CE) owing to the limited improvement in whiteness.     

明前期“相对宽松”的筑城政策探论——以湖广地区为例

洪武年间,湖广各府级中心城治、西南少数民族等"寇乱"为患地区率皆设立卫所、筑城守御,并辅以巡检司、土司等多重防御力量。在其障护之下,腹里州县安全无虞,实无修固城防之必要。自洪武朝以至宣德朝,湖广地区修筑、维护城池主要限于驻军各地,对于其他众多普通州县并未从严要求,各地不修城的情形相当普遍。正是洪武朝奠定的颇为严密的区域安全防御体系保障了地方安定,为明前期实行这种相对宽松的筑城政策创造了条件。一些学者所谓明代"一贯积极、严厉的"筑城政策似乎并不完全切合明前期的实际。     

清代的清书庶吉士

分派庶吉士学习清书,是清代特有的政治制度之一。其起自顺治,迄于道光,发展过程本身反映了满语在清代政府行政过程中的应用情况和朝廷内部的满汉关系。清书庶吉士设立的初衷,是为了便利满汉之间的交流。初选时,对人员的年龄、体貌有一定的要求。其数量随着朝代更迭发生变化,由于汉语的普遍使用,每科人数由最初的数十员减少至四五员,皇帝对其考查也日益松懈。乾隆之后,清书庶吉士的实际效用日益减少。清书庶吉士与汉书庶吉士在馆选、教习、考试、散馆上均有不同,但出仕后升迁状况并无明显区别。学习满语的汉族庶吉士的满文水平不一,优者足可召对,亦能翻译书籍;劣者往往因此被黜,遂对此政策有所怨言。     

Resettlement in Lao PDR: mobility,resistance and gendered impacts

Villagers in northern Laos have been on the move for generations. Recent changes, however, in the location of their village and their daily mobility patterns differ from what they have experienced before; the government's resettlement programme has changed their livelihoods and made them more socially and economically vulnerable. The ethnic groups we studied have decided to use mobility to resist state control and seek livelihood security for themselves. By using the concept of motility, this article analyses how this household and community choices have a gender-differentiated impact. The mobility patterns of men and women have changed. While men attend to long-term investments, women are forced to make ends meet on a day-to-day basis. Men visit the market and public places more frequently, while women spend more time looking for non-timber forest products and working as hired labour. Although women now support the family and their mobility has increased, their say in the household seems to be on the decline, resulting in weakening women's motility.     

释荣仲方鼎“■”字

本文通过对"序"和"宫"的时代考察和字形分析,认为《荣仲方鼎》中的"■"不应释为"序",而应释为"宫",是居住之所,非宗庙。"王作荣仲宫"中的"宫"应是王对荣仲的赏赐。     

邓之诚的社会生活史研究

邓之诚是近代著名的历史学家,他的著述包含大量关于国计民生、风俗习尚等涉及社会生活史的内容,对历代社会生活进行了多方面的展示。他的这一学术取向,深受近代重视研究社会生活的风尚、"新史学"观念、燕京大学的学术氛围等因素的影响。他从生活方式中寻找时代变迁的轨迹,特别重视从民众的实际生存状况来考察各朝代的盛衰得失。他对社会生活史的编撰,以问题为中心,搜集排比史料,突出所记载的社会事项;他重视考据又不轻视对历史的解读,主张论从史出,不轻下断语,文辞上贵真贵简。他的社会生活史著述,在运用史料、编撰体例和评价史实上都独具一格,为社会生活史研究的继续发展奠定了坚实的基础。