汉唐时期中原政权与西域的密切关系

汉唐时期中原政权与西域各族相互依存,密切往来,从西域地区来看,不仅是西域的地理条件和周边形势所决定的,更是古代西域各族人民要求加强与中原政权联系的结果。     

红军时期的期票

进入二十一世纪,人们对期票开始关注,尤其对二十世纪六十年代初期各省银行发行的期票进行了考证,许多收藏家发表了诸多非常有见解的文章。2004年1月,台湾新竹的期票收藏爱好者李维枫先生撰文于王宣瑞先生主编的《世纪珍藏》,称他十多年来的研究中,发现大陆最早的期票是晋察冀边区银行辽西支行期票,该期票发行时间为1945年9月。     

试析战国时期巴蜀文化的墓葬形制

文章通过对战国巴蜀文化的墓葬形制的分析,对墓葬可能存在的等级进行划分,并探讨等级在不同时期的变化及原因.     

论布拉克顿的王权观念

在诺曼征服以来英国王权变迁的基础上,布拉克顿继承了盎格鲁·萨克逊"国王在法律之下"的传统和基督教"王权神授"的观念,形成了独特的王权观念.布拉克顿的王权观念主要包括王权的合法性、国王的权能以及王权的有限性等三个方面.经过科克等人的重新阐释,布拉克顿的王权观念成为新兴资产阶级反抗王权、争取权利和自由的旗帜,从而成为英国近代宪政发展的重要思想渊源之一.     

贵州北盘江流域先秦时期遗存分期与相关问题

本文通过对贵州北盘江流域先秦时期遗存的分析,依据文化面貌的差异将其分为三期,并结合周邻地区同时期材料的比对判定其年代。在此基础上,对它们所体现的葬俗、生计方式、居住形态和文化性质等方面进行探讨。     

试论第二次世界大战前苏联的犹太民族政策

长期以来,国内外学术界均认为反犹主义是斯大林主义的一个基本特征。但是,本文并不认为二者之间有什么必然联系。事实上,在第二次世界大战之前,以列宁和斯大林为首的苏联党和国家领导人为解决苏联现实社会中存在的反犹主义问题曾做出过巨大的努力,并取得了一定的成果。苏联政府在犹太民族政策上强调的是谴责反犹主义,反对犹太复国主义。     

The early history of the neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Research on the neurobiology and pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has grown exponentially since 1980. A reasonable question is whether this research has improved our understanding and treatment of ADHD. This article describes relevant developments that took place roughly between 1900 and 1970. During this time, the efficacy of stimulant therapy for the disorder was established and the symptoms of ADHD were linked to many possible nervous system disorders including in the brain-stem, reticular formation, diencephalon, basal ganglia, frontal lobes, and cortex. In 1970, the catecholamine hypothesis of ADHD was proposed. It is concluded that early theories about the neurobiologic basis of ADHD anticipated core ideas of modern theory.     

Enslaved African Women in Nineteenth-Century Iran: The Life of Fezzeh Khanom of Shiraz

Fezzeh Khanom (c. 1835–82), an African woman, was a slave of Sayyed ‘Ali-Mohammad of Shiraz, the Bab. Information about her life can be recovered from various pious Baha'i histories. She was honored, and even venerated by Babis, though she remained subordinate and invisible. The paper makes the encouraging discovery that a history of African slavery in Iran is possible, even at the level of individual biographies. Scholars estimate that between one and two million slaves were exported from Africa to the Indian Ocean trade in the nineteenth century, most to Iranian ports. Some two-thirds of African slaves brought to Iran were women intended as household servants and concubines. An examination of Fezzeh Khanom's life can begin to fill the gaps in our knowledge of enslaved women in Iran. The paper discusses African influences on Iranian culture, especially in wealthy households and in the royal court. The limited value of Western legal distinctions between slavery and freedom when applied to the Muslim world is noted.     

Network Location and Policy‐Oriented Behavior: An Analysis of Two‐Mode Networks of Coauthored Documents Concerning Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region*,†

This study explores how a scientist's location in science‐based policy networks can affect her policy‐oriented behaviors. In particular, we hypothesize that those scientists who fill structural holes in their networks will be more likely than others to engage in policy‐oriented behaviors. The network data are defined by scientists' coauthorship on policy documents regarding climate change in the Great Lakes. We employ a two‐mode network analysis to identify clusters of scientists who coauthored similar documents, and relative to those clusters, we identify those who fill structural holes by bridging between clusters. We find that those scientists who bridged between clusters were more likely to engage in policy‐oriented behaviors of policy advocacy and advising than were others in the network. This is an example of a link between network location and policy‐oriented behavior indicative of the broader phenomenon of how individuals exert agency, given structural constraints.     

南越王墓出土秦代“西共”银洗及相关问题

在广州西汉南越王墓的后藏室中出土一件银洗,银洗口沿的正、背面刻有铭文,内有"西共"字样。作者认为,从其刻辞的内容和计量单位看,这件银洗当为秦器,是秦代沿用至西汉的器物,原本是西县共厨的器物,后来流散到各地。西县大约在今甘肃省天水市西南的礼县、西和县一带。共厨是秦代的一种职官,负责皇帝郊祀时所用的厨具和食物等。