Experimental Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Squat RC Structural Walls with Limited Ductility Reinforcing Details

This article describes an experimental study carried out on of reinforced concrete (RC) walls of less confining reinforcement than that recommended by ACI 318. A total of eight RC walls with boundary elements comprising of five walls with aspect ratio of 1.125 and three walls with aspect ratio of 1.625 were tested by subjecting them to low levels of axial compression loading and simulated seismic loading, to examine the structural performance of the walls with limited transverse reinforcement. Conclusions are reached concerning the failure mode, drift capacity, strength capacity, components of top deformation, and energy dissipation characteristics of walls on the seismic behavior with limited transverse reinforcement. The influences of axial loading, transverse reinforcement in the wall boundary elements, and the presence of construction joints at the wall base on the seismic behavior of walls are also studied in this paper. Lastly, reasonable strut-and-tie models are developed to help in understanding the force transfer mechanism in the walls tested.     

Seismic Fragility Assessment of Lightly Reinforced Concrete Structural Walls

Development of fragility functions is a pertinent stage in seismic performance assessment of structures. A database of lightly Reinforced Concrete (RC) walls under simulated seismic loading is compiled from the literature to establish the drift-based seismic fragility functions. To classify the damage states experienced by RC walls, the Park-Ang Damage model is amended in this research. Then, the modified Bouc-Wen-Baber-Noori hysteresis model is implemented in ABAQUS to predict the hysteresis behavior of RC walls. Thereafter, the proposed hysteresis model is employed to develop the seismic fragility curves of low to mid-rise RC walls in Singapore using incremental dynamic analysis approach.     

Microseismic Signal Spectra,Energy Characteristics,and Fractal Features Prior to Rock Burst: A Case Study from the Qianqiu Coal Mine,China

Microseismic (MS) technology has been widely adopted for monitoring coal and rock dynamic disasters. Insights into MS wave characteristics contribute to the accurate prediction of these disasters. In this study, MS wave characteristics were analysed from three aspects: the signal spectra, wavelet packet energy and fractal features. It is shown that prior to the rock burst, the MS wave main frequency decreased following a power law, the amplitude linearly increased, the wavelet packet energy tended to become concentrated on the low frequency bands, and the correlation dimension decreased. When the rock burst occurred, the MS wave main frequency, wavelet packet energy and correlation dimension declined to their lowest levels. Meanwhile, the amplitude rose to a maximum. Therefore, the MS wave characteristics in this study were found to effectively identify and extract precursor information of value for predicting rock dynamic disasters.     

Seismic Damage to Structures in the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Sequences

The 7.8 Mw Gorkha earthquake struck the east of Lamjung in Nepal, followed by a sequence of powerful aftershocks. Chinese Team Six including the authors inspected the seismic damage to civil structures along 10 paths in densely populated areas with a seismic intensity of VII to IX, 40 days after the main shock. The damage was categorized according to structure types and described in detail. Several conclusions are made: powerful aftershocks can significantly affect the failure patterns; geological conditions, structure types, and height have great influence on the level of damage; and the local risky retrofitting technique needs improvement badly.     

Sexual harassment in Korean college classrooms: how self-construal and gender affect students' reporting behavior

This article examines the reasons why women students may hesitate to report sexual harassment. The research draws on the notion of ‘self-construal’. Self-construal is a form of self-identification in social relationships, which in this case relates, in particular, to gender within cultural environments in Korea. For the purposes of this research, a survey was conducted with 298 Korean college students from 7 to 14 March 2006. The results showed that different types of self-construal had different influences on Korean college students' and their reporting of sexual harassment, whereas gender did not. Grounded in the theoretical framework of self-construal, people with independent self-construal were found to express their uncomfortable feelings and to report to the university counseling center, whereas people with interdependent self-construal did not. Furthermore, we found that women were more likely than men to directly express their opinions and report sexual harassment to the university counseling center. Men are also harassed by women colleagues or students but are often more reluctant than women to recognize their experiences as ‘sexual harassment’ because of the stereotype that men are the perpetrators of this behavior, not its victims, and because they fear ‘loss of face.’ It is necessary to engage not just with femininity but also with masculinity and the relationship between these constructs because they are both temporally and geographically contingent.     

Synge's “rich intensity” and its affinity with Keats

This paper re-evaluates J.M. Synge's connection with Romanticism by exploring his affinities with John Keats. It examines Synge's three plays, The Shadow of the Glen, The Playboy of the Western World, and Deirdre of the Sorrows, to suggest their strong parallels with Keats in both specific poems such as “The Eve of St. Agnes” and “Lamia” and in some central concerns, including the ambivalent attitude towards the tension between reality and fancy and the paradoxical stance on mortality. Both writers exemplify a kind of self-dividedness towards the opposing sides of contrarieties which gives rise to a “rich intensity” of their works. Their affinities call our attention to the tensions within Romanticism and the often-ignored current of scepticism running from Romanticism to post-Romanticism.     

华光礁Ⅰ号出水瓷器脱盐方法研究

"华光礁Ⅰ号"南宋沉船出水了大量的陶瓷器文物,本文利用电导率仪及离子色谱等方法,分析了相关样品的含盐量,同时对各种脱盐方法进行了实时监测,并最终筛选出了最为有效的脱盐方法。     

To Make Live or Let Die? Rural Dispossession and the Protection of Surplus Populations

Abstract: A biopolitics of the population, when it succeeds in securing life and wellbeing, is surely worth having. It has become urgent in rural Asia, where a new round of enclosures has dispossessed large numbers of people from access to land as a way to sustain their own lives, and neoliberal policies have curtailed programs that once helped to sustain rural populations. At the same time, new jobs in manufacturing have not emerged to absorb this population. They are thus “surplus” to the needs of capital, and not plausibly described as a labour reserve. Who, then, would act to keep these people alive, and why would they act? I examine this question by contrasting a conjuncture in India, where a make live program has been assembled under the rubric of the “right to food”, and Indonesia, where the massacre of the organized left in 1965 has left dispossessed populations radically exposed.     

1949年日本国会选举的政治意味

议会政治下的国会选举通常会透露出社会政治意识的走向。战后的日本议会政治,是在战前议会政治基础之上植入美国式民主政治理念,以英国式民主政治为范本确立起来的。而1949年1月日本国会大选,则可以看成是战后日本议会政治由英国式民主政治模式转为日本式民主政治的标志性选举。藉助这次选举,保守性质的政党开始确立优势地位、派阀政治出现、中间政治意识失势等战后日本社会政治诸多特征都呈现出来。研究1949年1月的日本大选,对于把握战后日本保守政治体制的形成和日本社会政治意识的分化,具有十分重要的意义。     

走马楼简牍所见“私学”身份探析

长沙走马楼简牍材料的陆续公布,为秦汉三国史的研究提出了许多新问题,其中有关"私学"的简牍引起了学术界的充分重视.在"私学"身份的界定上,更是众说纷纭.胡平生、王素、侯旭东、于振波、王子今、张荣强等都有专文论述,宋少华、秦晖等在相关论文中对此也有涉及[1].诸位的研究解决了许多具体问题,取得了很大成绩.但笔者觉得对"私学"身份的界定,除诸位的理解外,还可从另外的角度得出另一种解释,故不揣鄙陋,提出走马楼简牍中的"私学"其实是一种"吏"的观点,以就教于方家.