Histoire Des Mots Et Histoire des Sciences de L’Homme

Sans résumé Ses recherches portent sur l’histoire et la formation du vocabulaire des sciences sociales et politiques, dans une perspective d’histoire intellectuelle (XVIII ^e et XIX ^e siècles). Elle a publié Classe. Histoire du mot et genèse du concept, des physiocrates aux historiens de la Restauration, Lyon, Presses universitaires de Lyon, 1996, et codirigé avec Jacques Guilhaumou le Dictionnaire des usages socio-politiques 1770–1815, fasc. 7: ? Notions théoriques ?, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2003. Laurent Loty anime la composante ? Textes et savoirs, transdisciplinarité et politique ? de l’équipe d’accueil du CELAM (Centre d’études des littératures anciennes et modernes) et enseigne à l’Université Rennes II (Département Lettres, place du recteur Henri-Le-Moal, CS 24307, 35043 Rennes Cedex; loty@ccr.jussieu.fr). Il est président d’honneur de la Société fran?aise pour l’histoire des sciences de l’homme. Ses recherches portent sur la genèse des idées politiques contemporaines à partir de l’Ancien Régime, et sur l’histoire des mots et les enjeux de la transdisciplinarité. Il a notamment publié ? Pour l’indisciplinarité?, dans Douthwaite (Julia) et Vidal (Mary), dir., The Interdisciplinary Century, Oxford, Voltaire Foundation, 2005, p. 245–259; et codirigé, avec Isabelle Brouard-Arends, Littérature et engagement durant la Révolution fran?aise (Rennes, Presses universitaire de Rennes, à para?tre).     

Middle Stone Age Bifacial Technology and Pressure Flaking at the MIS 3 Site of Toumboura III,Eastern Senegal

African Archaeological Review - Over the past decade, the increasing wealth of new archaeological data on the Middle Stone Age (MSA) in Senegal and Mali has broadened our understanding of...     

The ‘Global’ versus the ‘Local’: Cognitive Processes of Kin Determination in Aboriginal Australia

ABSTRACT Morgan and his informants' interpretation of Australian social categories as ‘marriage classes’ has survived in Dumont's (and Viveiros de Castro's) distinction of a ‘local’ (Dravidian systems) and a ‘global’ (Australian systems) formula. This paper explains that the ‘global formula’ is neither a necessary nor an applied device in Australian kin category determination, even when genealogical memory is short and when there is a non‐limitation of range in the extension of categories. Instead, a heuristic model, which is called the relational triangle, is proposed. This model depicts the procedure through which Australian people pragmatically determine and extend kin categories. Moreover, it also offers a visualisation of the cognitive schema and processes framing discourse and behaviour in relation to kinship and draws some parallels with Greenberg's hypotheses on markedness in kinship classes.     

Roman Rhine settlement dynamics evidenced by coin distribution in a fluvial environment (Oedenburg,Upper Rhine,France)

On the basis of archaeological and alluvial records, this paper presents the first spatial analysis of artefacts in relation to the evolution of the Rhine River, at the Gallo-Roman site of Oedenburg, during the first four centuries AD. The dataset consisted of several thousand Roman artefacts found by pedestrian prospecting over the last twenty years, over half of which were coins. This dataset was used together with high-resolution topography and geomagnetic mapping, to reconstruct settlement evolution, both on the terrace and in the floodplain. A comprehensive monetary chart has been compiled for the Oedenburg site, which highlights four major phases of settlement. These results provide a possible causal link connecting historical factors and alluvial events with intra-site evolution. Therefore, while changes observed during Phases I (until AD 68), II (AD 69 to AD 180) and III (AD 180 to AD 295) seem largely related to historical and societal events, Phase IV (AD 295 to AD 402) shows patterns of abandonment of the lower part of the floodplain that may well be related to an unusually humid period in the fourth century. These results are set in a broader context, from the Rhine catchment area to the Alps, and are in agreement with the wet conditions also documented in alluvial, lacustrine, geomorphological and palynological records in Germany (Lahn River, Lake Constance, Lake Nussbaumen, Kaisersthul area and the Black Forest). Studying the intra-site spatial distribution of artefacts with high temporal constraints, at a long-lived site with contrasted topography, opens new avenues for the detection of discreet events such as a higher water table, affecting only the lower zone.