图象处理方法在研究薄膜试片腐蚀特性中的应用

薄膜试片测试法是一种能够全面有效地对博物馆藏展材料进行评估筛选的测试方法,对其腐蚀现象进行图象采集及进行数据化分析能够得到更为客观准确的测试结果.本工作对应该测试法设计了专门图像采集的硬件装置,采用密闭光源和彩色工业摄像机,可以得到清晰的试片图像.软件系统将采集图像、打开原始图像、图像分割处理、材料分级评价等功能模块化,并根据具体功能设计实现了基本应用的可视化界面.实验表明,该系统能够快速、准确地对藏展材料对试片的腐蚀现象进行数据化分析,使藏展材料的评估分级由人工目测走向计算机视觉计算,具有快速、客观、误差小等特点.     

宋代湖田窑青白釉瓷的装饰工艺

湖田窑是景德镇诸青白釉窑中历史最久,范围最广,工艺最精的窑场,其产品多样,造型精美,纹饰丰富美观,冠绝群窑,装饰技法独特,本通过对装饰工艺的研究,进而考察青白釉瓷的窑业技术。     

《论语》“车中不内顾”新考

《古论语》中的“车中不内顾”,《鲁论语》中为“车中内顾”。造成这种情况的原因之一是“内”、“退”同源通用状态的时代变化,及其所导致的“内”所表示的意义的变化。从语法结构、语义推衍、“内”“退”的同源通用到《论语郑氏注》、《论语集解》的本选择都说明《论语》原貌当依古论为“车中不内顾”。     

1989年以来的《年鉴》与法国史学

1989年以来,法国史学发生了重大的变化.声誉卓著的《年鉴》在与传统史学研究维持竞争的同时,又迎来了一系列的改革,并影响了一大批研究,诸如"记忆"、"特性"等.本文从1989年之后的改革导向出发,介绍法国史学的发展及其争论,特别是史学如何与其它学科相互结合,同时从今日法国学界讨论较多的"公共史学"等维度出发,略加述及史学的一个重要功能在于介入社会,并且表达它的政治用途.     

馆藏文物保存环境检测用无动力扩散采样器初步设计

因为无动力扩散采样技术适合于对馆藏文物保存环境中的多种污染气体进行检测,为此,优化设计研制了一种无动力扩散采样器.通过分析采样器的工作原理,根据菲克第一扩散定律推导了污染物浓度换算公式.在比较了现有徽章式和扩散管式两种典型采样器的基础上,以扩散管式采样器为原型,增加了接头部件,以二氧化氮为污染气体代表,试验比较了采样器的不同组合对采样效果的影响.研究结果表明:该采样器能够根据采样环境的实际情况灵活组合,提高了采样器的适用性;二氧化氮采样分析计算结果基本达到设计要求,增加扩散腔厚度能降低采样的分散性;采用双面采样可以成倍增加污染物吸附量,提高检测灵敏度.     

Examining quartz OSL age underestimation for loess samples from Luochuan in the Chinese Loess Plateau

When using quartz OSL to date loess samples from the Chinese Loess Plateau, it has been reported that the agreement between OSL ages and the independent ages is limited to the samples younger than ～70 ka with a corresponding D_e of ～230 Gy, and a sample with an expected age of 780 ka was dated to 107 ka, corresponding to 403 Gy. The growth curves of these samples do not saturate at doses of 700 Gy, and a linear growth part was observed for doses higher than 200 Gy. However, the maximum measured age of ～100 ka imply that the D_e determined using this linear part of a growth curve could be problematic, or that the quartz OSL signal is not as stable as previously thought and has a barrier age of ～100 ka. In the current study, we examine the reasons for the age underestimation. We examined the shape of growth curves, anomalous fading, thermal stability, etc. The results show that, for the loess samples examined, quartz OSL does not fade anomalously, and the barrier age of ～100 ka is due to the fact that the OSL signals are less thermally stable, the lifetime of 0.311 Ma at 20°C obtained is much smaller than those for quartz samples from other regions such as Australia (～100 Ma).     

聚合物膜修饰电极QCM方法对博物馆环境中典型气态分子污染物甲醛的检测研究

在可以导致文物、艺术品及历史档案资料品质退化的几种环境因素中,浓度较低的气态悬浮分子污染物甲醛对文物是最具潜在破坏性影响.在光、热等物理冈素的联合作用下,其形成的复合污染对文物的破坏作用更强,而就其对不同种类文物的影响的规律性研究目前尚缺少基础数据.因此,本研究采用聚苯胺膜修饰的石英晶振片电极(简称复合电极),结合石英晶体微天平(QCM)方法,对微环境中不同浓度的甲醛进行了检测研究.研究结果表明,复合电极对甲醛有较好的响应信号,复合电极频率变化值与时间基本呈线性关系,并且随甲醛浓度的升高,复合电极频率下降速度增加,频率变化值增大.研究还发现,甲醛的浓度值与频率变化值也呈现出较好的线性关系.据此可以推算文物保存环境中挥发性气态分子污染物甲醛的含量.本方法可以对文物保存环境中甲醛浓度的变化进行实时监测,为文物保存环境质量评价提供一种新的方法和依据.     

Investigations on the degree of bleaching of quartz OSL signals using modern aeolian dust from western Loess Plateau, China

Optically Stimulated Luminescence signal of quartz extracted from modern aeolian dust with known maximum age (about decades) was analyzed in terms of degree of bleaching. The results of dose recovery tests show that the modified double single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol with the early background subtraction is robust for dating these modern dusts using small aliquots. Bleaching of these dusts is discussed based on the distribution of De values in histograms, scatter plots of D_e versus sensitivity corrected natural OSL signal and comparison between measured D_e and expected D_e. The results indicate that most dusts were completely bleached but some dusts were not completely bleached. For those incompletely bleached dusts in Lanzhou area, the maximum OSL age overestimation is up to ～1 ka, which might be caused by fast deposition accompanied by heavy sand/dust storms. The research suggests that cautions should be given to OSL ages younger than 1 ka in the western China close to deserts.     

地情资源开发利用的实践与探索——以洛阳市史志办地情资料开发利用为例

第二轮《洛阳市志》出版后,洛阳市志办把工作重心转移到地情资源开发利用的道路上。先后筹划实施了地情信息化建设、＂图说洛阳＂系列丛书编纂、＂千年帝都、牡丹花城＂系列丛书编纂、＂洛阳乡镇概览＂系列丛书编纂、历代旧志整理等项目。经过多年的实践的探索,作者提出应把握以下几点：党委、政府领导重视是做好地情资源开发的关键;人才队伍建设是做好地情资源开发的基础和前提;实施项目型、规模化、系列化开发是时代发展的新要求;以市场为导向,适应社会发展需要,是做好地情资源开发的必由之路;多渠道、多模式发展是地情资源开发的有效途径;统筹规划、突出重点是做好地情资源开发的重要方法;加强宣传、扩大影响是地情资源开发的必要手段。     

Seismic Performance of Precast Hybrid-Steel Concrete Connections

This article presents experimental and analytical investigations of hybrid-steel concrete connections. In the experimental study, four full-scale specimens including one cast-in-place and three precast specimens were tested under cyclic load reversals. The performance of the specimens in terms of energy dissipating capacity, cracking patterns, and variation of strains along the main reinforcement is described. However, due to the inherent complexity of beam-column joints and the unique features of the tested specimens, the experimental investigation was not sufficient enough to fully understand the influence of several parameters. Therefore, an analytical investigation based on the FE models using DIANA software is presented. Validation of the FE models against the experimental results has shown a good agreement. The critical parameters influencing the joint's behavior such as the continuation of beam bottom reinforcement, column axial load, the size and embedded length of the angle sections are varied, and their effects including possible implications on code specifications are discussed.