上海城市娱乐区布局结构及特点研究

城市娱乐区是城市化的产物.本文通过对上海城市娱乐区空间分布结构的实证研究,揭示了娱乐区空间布局遵循中心地理论的内在逻辑性;并且从娱乐区布局模式、娱乐区空间分隔距离的规律性和娱乐区功能的二元性等角度阐述了上海城市娱乐区布局结构的基本特点.     

Topography‐driven flow versus buoyancy‐driven flow in the U.S. midcontinent: implications for the residence time of brines

Topography‐driven flow is normally considered to be the dominant groundwater flow system in uplifted sedimentary basins. In the U.S. midcontinent region east of the Rocky Mountains, the presence of brines derived from dissolution of halite suggests that significant topography‐driven flushing has occurred to remove older brines that presumably formed concurrently with Permian evaporites in the basin. However, the presence of evaporites and brines in the modern basin suggests that buoyancy‐driven flow could limit topography‐driven flushing significantly. Here we used numerical models of variable‐density fluid flow, halite dissolution, solute transport, and heat transport to quantify flow patterns and brine migration. Results indicate the coexistence of large‐scale topography‐ and buoyancy‐driven flow. Buoyancy‐driven flow and low permeability evaporites act to isolate brines, and the residence time of the brines was found to be quite long, at least 50 Myr. The modern distribution of salinity appears to reflect near‐steady‐state conditions. Results suggest that flushing of original evaporatively‐concentrated brines occurred tens of millions of years ago, possibly concurrent with maximum uplift ca. 60 Ma. Simulations also suggest that buoyancy‐driven convection could drive chemical exchange with crystalline basement rocks, which could supply significant Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, and metals to brines.     

上海中央游憩区特征及发展对策研究

中央游憩区是城市功能的重要组成部分。上海中央游憩区具有空间区位中心、市场区位核心、交通集散枢纽和产业布局重心的特征。针对上海中央游憩区在以城市产业调整、城市功能重组为主的新一轮城市发展中遇到的诸多挑战,本文提出了相应的对策和思路。     

谢家桥一号汉墓出土“锦缘绢地乘云绣荒帷”的修复

荆州谢家桥一号汉墓出土了四床质地各异、造型独特、纹饰华丽、做工精细的棺罩(荒帷),为全国首次发现,为研究我国西汉初期的服饰、丝织品制造技术和手工业水平提供了极其珍贵的实物资料。但由于荒帷长期在地下环境中受各种因素的侵蚀,已破损老化严重、碰触易碎,为此必需进行修复。本工作通过对其中一件荒帷的外观目测观察,显微镜对纤维结构的检测以及病害分析后,决定以针线法分别对锦面、锦缘进行修复,然后拼合成形。由于文物平摊面积比较大,因此采用分区修复的方式逐块进行修复。修复后的荒帷在广州南越王博物馆展出,为广大观众提供了难得一见的精美展品。此方法可为国内类似出土丝织品(丝、绢、锦)文物的修复提供借鉴。     

关于浙江“黄岩窑”青瓷工艺技术相关问题的研究——以黄岩沙埠窑址群为例

为探索\"黄岩窑\"青瓷的工艺技术及艺术装饰特征,并探讨该窑场与同时期浙东地区的\"越窑\"青瓷的关系,本研究从田野考古调查入手,通过对黄岩沙埠窑窑址及窑场周围地面考古调查和典型青瓷标本的实物取样,结合科技考古的手段,着重对其产品特征、制瓷工艺技术及烧造年代等方面进行科学研究。通过光学显微镜解剖了黄岩出土青瓷胎釉的内部结构;通过热释光技术对黄岩出土青瓷典型标本进行年代测定;并运用EDXRF技术对黄岩出土青瓷标本和上林湖越窑标本的胎釉化学成分进行检测并对比分析。研究表明:浙江黄岩沙埠窑址是晚唐至南宋时期浙江重要的窑址遗存,具有较高的陶瓷烧造技艺。     

LANDSCAPE CHANGE IN THE LAKE SIMCOE-COUCHICHING BASIN, 1800–1983

Census data and Trimble's erosive land use (ELU) index are used to document changes in agricultural land use and potential erosion in the Lake Simcoe—Couchiching Basin during the past two centuries. The ELU index is represented by the cover-management factor in the universal soil loss equation and takes values between 0 (no erosion) and 1.0 (accelerated erosion). Basin-wide farmland ELU scores increased prior to 1901 due to intensification of agriculture, fell between 1911 and 1961 as yields and areas under grass increased, and then increased again from 1961 onward due to expansion in corn hectarage. The 0.152 index computed in 1981 is almost as large as the largest index (0.154)computed in 1891 and illustrates the huge environmental changes in the basin since early settlement without the beginnings of a permanent and more viable system of land use. Les changements d'utilisation des sols survenus au cours des deux derniers siècles dans le bassin du Lac Simco-Couchiching de même que I'érodibilité de ces sols, font I'objet d'une évaluation à I'aide des données de re-censements et de I'indice d'érosion particulier aux dif-férentes utilisation du sol (indice de Trimble). Le facteur de gestion de la couverture dans l'équation universelle de la partie de sol figure dans cet indice dont la valeur se range entre 0 (absence d'érosion) et 1.0 (érosion en accélération). Les scores pour les terres agricoles à I'éhelle du bassin ont augmenté avant 1901 quand l'agriculture s'est intensifiée, puis ont chuté entre 1911 et 1961 à mesure que les rendements et les superficies herbacées augmentaient, et enfin ont de nouveau re-monté depuis 1961 à la suite de l'expansion des superficies plantées en maïs. L'indice obtenu pour 1981 (0.1521 est presque aussi élevé que I'indice le plus fort atteinten 1891 (0.154). ll démontre les changements considérables survenus dans I'environnement du bassin depuis le tout début de son peuplement, alors qu'aucun système d'utilisation des sols permanent et plus viable n'a encore pu èmerger.