论瑞昌马头"西晋"墓的年代与归属——兼谈孙吴时期的不归葬

通过对墓葬要素的通盘考察和综合分析可知,瑞昌马头"西晋"墓的年代应为孙吴晚期.该墓的平面形制取法鄂城地区,随葬明器则多见江浙地区文化因素,故其丧葬文化兼具鄂城和江浙地区特色.马头墓墓主来自江浙一带,是对其丧葬文化特点最为合理的解释.江浙人士葬身都城以外的他乡之地,在孙吴时期并不鲜见,是孙吴不归葬的真实体现.孙吴不归葬的原因不止是"戎事军国异容"的时局,更在于统治者的强烈忧患意识.马头墓的年代调整为孙吴后,江西地区孙吴、西晋墓葬在模型明器之有无上的差异体现得更为明显,这与江浙地区的情况截然不同,反映了西晋一统后南方社会发展的区域性差异.     

Developing sustainable cultural policies in Turkey: an investigation of public opinion on the theatre scene

The arts scene in Turkey has been witnessing many discussions with the revealing of the governmental reform agenda on the state support model for the arts that includes establishment of an arts council type institution, the closure of the State Theatres and, the State Opera and Ballet. Nevertheless, despite strong public criticism on this reform agenda, there has never been any comprehensive research to reflect the public opinion. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to recent discussions by providing data on public opinion regarding such a fundamental change, with a particular focus on theatre. Towards this end, a survey was conducted in Istanbul. The findings demonstrate that the majority, including both users and non-users of theatre, value the State Theatres and are in favour of sustaining it. There is also a common belief that in case of the State Theatres’ closure, the private theatres cannot undertake its public mission.     

中国春运人口流动网络的富人俱乐部现象与不平衡性分析

基于“百度地图春节人口迁徙大数据”,利用加权网络的富人俱乐部系数和归一化不平衡系数方法,对2015年中国春运期间人口流动网络的富人俱乐部现象和不平衡性进行分析。研究结果表明：中国春运人口流动网络中存在明显的富人俱乐部现象,富人俱乐部城市包括北京、上海、广州、苏州、深圳和东莞,这些城市主导了超过77.66%中国城市的省际人口流动,且与这些城市之间的人口流动多属于不平衡关系,同时俱乐部城市之间、俱乐部城市与一小部分城市之间则属于平衡关系,这种流动格局很容易造成各城市在人口流动网络中的地位分化,严重影响了人口流动网络的公平性和安全性。     

抗日战争时期国民党军队逃兵人数考

抗日战争时期,逃兵一直是困扰国民党军政当局和各部队官长的大问题。逃兵规模究竟有多大,由于史料零散,统计资料的缺乏,学术界还没有出现相应的研究性成果。笔者将各种零星资料进行统计,初步推算出抗战8年,国民党军队的逃兵人数约在589.4—597.1万左右。     

The conférencier in the purple robe: Chen Jitong and Qing cultural diplomacy in late nineteenth-century Paris

ABSTRACT

The establishment of Chinese legations abroad in the late Qing coincided with the emergence of a number of learned societies and transnational knowledge communities in the late nineteenth century. To what extent did the Chinese diplomats residing in Europe engage with these organizations in their interactions with the West? This paper examines an understudied aspect of late Qing foreign relations by tracing the activities of the diplomat-writer Chen Jitong (1852–1907) in several learned societies in Paris during the 1880s and 1890s. While serving as a secretary at the Qing legation in Paris, Chen also became a member of several Parisian learned societies (sociétés savantes). By enthusiastically participating in the meetings of these societies, contributing to their official journals, and delivering speeches at international congresses organized by these groups during the 1889 World’s Fair, Chen established a presence for Qing China in several nongovernmental international organizations. While the intellectual foci of these learned societies ranged from folklore studies, to architectural preservation, to ethnography, Chen contributed his own unique perspective and sensitivity as a Qing literatus in his representation of Chinese society and culture, which he also successfully fused in his writings about China for a French audience. I argue that Chen’s participation in the French and international learned societies should be understood as a form of late Qing cultural diplomacy, where what was at stake was not political sovereignty but the right of Chinese self-representation and contending notions of civilization.     

“历程”中的客观性——对柯林武德思想的再认识

柯林武德试图将历史学建立在一种新的客观性概念的基础上。他指出:历史中的客观性是在绵延不断的"历程"中得到体现的,在这一历程中,历史当事人的思想与后来的历史学家对它的反思不是"两个"思想而是"一个"思想,历史体系是历史与历史学家的统一。在历史体系中,历史学家即使不受纯粹历史"事实"的制约,也必然受整体"历程"的制约。柯林武德的这些观点使得一种新的史学"客观性"观念成为可能。     

17—18世纪清朝理藩院对中俄贸易的监督与管理

在理藩院处理的对外事务中,中俄交往占有重要地位,其中包括对中俄贸易的监督与管理。中俄贸易问题不仅与两国间的边界、逃人和准噶尔问题密切相关,还涉及到清政府对喀尔喀蒙古的逐步控制等一系列政治问题,这些都体现在理藩院对中俄贸易的管理实践中。本文以中俄贸易关系中的理藩院地位为中心,以理藩院对中俄贸易的监理为切入点,探讨清政府对俄贸易政策的演变,考察理藩院的外交地位以及在处理对俄贸易过程中对喀尔喀蒙古的逐步控制。     

1950年美国媒体对马克南入藏事件的报道剖析

20世纪40年代,以美国国务院驻中国迪化领事馆副领事身份为掩护的中情局间谍马克南在中国新疆从事秘密谍报活动,并于新中国成立前夕率一行五人队伍自中国新疆秘密入藏。但《纽约时报》等美国媒体却矢口否认马克南的间谍身份,并指责"中国的宣传机器在制造美国特务案例"。美国媒体对马克南入藏事件的报道是历史真实与谎言的混合体,其报道内容的缺失,直接影响了美国民众对事实真相的全面了解和客观判断,对今日美国人"西藏观"的形成产生了消极的影响。