10年来华侨支援祖国抗战研究述评

学术界对华侨支援祖国抗战的研究已经相当深入,截至1995年抗战胜利50周年时,已经出版全面论述华侨支援祖国抗战的研究著作5部①,专题研究著作2部,文章有二三百篇,详细情况请见笔者撰写出版的有关研究综述②.下面将1995年至2005年,即从抗战胜利50周年到60周年这10年间,华侨支援祖国抗战研究的新进展作一介绍.     

新世纪以来中德世界城市全球化模式对比分析

城市全球化逐渐从跨国资本主导下的单一化模式向国家特性作用下的多元化发展转变。本文对比分析了新世纪以来中国和德国世界城市全球化的过程、格局、规模、产业和动力,揭示出国家特性作用下的差异化城市全球化模式。结果表明：①中国城市全球化起步较晚但发展迅速。②中国世界城市呈现“大分散,小集聚”的格局,全球化要素具有分散化趋势。③中国世界城市经济的总量大但平均规模小,企业总部集中分布于北京。④中国世界城市一、二次产业产值比重大,金融地产、社会公共服务业和总部经济发展滞后。⑤中国城市全球化是国家政府主导下依托跨国投资生产并出口初级工业品的被动全球化,未来须发挥高级生产者服务、研发服务和社会服务的动力作用。     

仙游三洲 神超八极——张弼的草书艺术

明代初期,随着文人书风的逐渐衰落,永乐年闯盛行起了台阁体书风。此后的宣德、正统、景泰、天顺四朝一直处于这种书风的笼罩之中。到了成化年间,因文学上的台阁体受到以李东阳为首的“茶陵派”的冲击,以及后来的“前七子”的拨正,文艺思潮才有一些明显改观。     

新形势下当代大学生如何弘扬和培育民族精神

民族精神是一个民族赖以生存和发展的精神支撑,弘扬和培育民族精神,有利于当代大学生在前进的道路上正视困难,消除消极的心理,从而树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观。弘扬和培育民族精神,是新形势下的一项重要工作,本文对中华民族精神的重要性和内涵进行了阐述,对如何弘扬和培育大学生民族精神的有效途径进行了理论探讨。     

Returned Diplomats,French Engineers,and the Qingxi Ironworks: Self-Strengthening and Self-Representation in the Late Qing

This article explores the history of the Qingxi Ironworks in late Qing Guizhou. Instead of focusing on state-centered industrialization or technology transfer and scientific knowledge in Qing mining and coal enterprises, this study focuses on the individual ambitions and identity construction of two returned diplomats—Chen Jitong and Chen Mingyuan—who sought to claim authority over a mining interest in China’s southwest interior. By leveraging their knowledge of the West to serve as intermediaries between state and foreign commercial interests, these cosmopolitan yet marginalized elites sought to convert their foreign expertise and avowed commitment to “self-strengthening” into new forms of social and political capital. An examination of the personal networks and written accounts surrounding their entrepreneurial ventures sheds light on the opportunities and challenges experienced by a generation of “foreign affairs” experts in repositioning themselves within the transforming Qing polity through participation in industrialization projects.     

3D electrical prospection in the archaeological site of El Pahñú, Hidalgo State,Central Mexico

The implementation of a 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT-3D) survey was carried out in El Pahñú archaeological site, Hidalgo State, Central Mexico. A combination of a new ERT arrays allowed studying the subsoil beneath the Main Pyramid built near the edge of a plateau, along with another important structure (the Tecpan), which was a smaller structure that lodged the governmental council in pre-Hispanic times. The recorded information was acquired through the combination of several electrodic designs: L-Corner (LC), Equatorial (Eq), and Minimum Coupling (MC). For the Main Pyramid, the electrodes were set up around the perimeter of the structure, since they were not permitted to be inserted over the edifice, thus preventing damages to the architectonic elements. The second structure allowed inserting electrodes on selected spots within the architectonic space. The combination of the different arrays made possible the acquisition of 1204 apparent resistivities beneath the Main Pyramid and 2460 resistivity data beneath the Tecpan. The apparent resistivity data were inverted to obtain a three dimensional display of the subsoil electrical resistivity beneath the archaeological structure. The interpreted resistivity model under the Main Pyramid displayed a highly resistive structure towards its northern face that could be associated with infill. Such material was employed by the ancient constructors to level the terrain close to the edge of the cliff. Another interesting anomaly was found towards the central portion of the structure that could be associated to a foundation offer. The interpretation of data beneath the Tecpan identified the structural foundations and other interesting anomalies related to the different occupational times. The investigation supported the archaeological investigation of the site, suggesting areas of potential geological risk and of archaeological interest. For example, the Main Pyramid presents serious stability problems, indicating that the infill has weakened, producing cracks threatening long-term pyramid integrity.     

“金张掖”来历及涵义考略

“金张掖”一称到底始于何时 ,其涵义又是什么 ,历来众说纷纭、莫衷一是。本文引用了许多文献资料 ,随着历史的变迁 ,对这一系列问题进行了考证     

论村规民约

一、村规民约的概念 　　有个别学者持“大村(乡)规民约“概念,即将存在于乡民社会中的所有习惯法规则都称为村(乡)规民约.这样,民族习惯法、家法族规等都可以收入村(乡)规民约这一概念的帐下.①本文反对这一做法.不仅因为这一做法不符合行之已久的学术规范,而且它也不利于人们对我国的习惯法作出历史地、理论地考察.……     

陕西安康紫阳北五省会馆壁画颜料分析研究

陕西安康紫阳北五省会馆壁画是目前陕西省境内发现的最大的一处建筑壁画,为了解其颜料组成,本工作采用X射线荧光、偏光显微镜、X射线衍射、激光显微拉曼光谱及扫描电镜能谱分析相结合的分析方法,对颜料样品进行了分析。结果表明,北五省会馆壁画除正殿发现一处红色染料外,其他均为无机颜料;红色颜料主要是铅丹、朱砂、铁红;绿色颜料为氯铜矿、石绿、斜氯铜矿;蓝色颜料的主要成分是普鲁士蓝、smalt、石青;黄色颜料为雌黄、铁黄;褐色颜料的主要成分是铁红及铅丹的变色产物二氧化铅;黑色为炭黑;白色颜料主要是铅白,且多使用铅白作为调色颜料。研究结果对于了解清代民间壁画的制作工艺,丰富对陕西建筑壁画的认识具有重要意义。     

东北铁路员工抗日斗争大事记

"九·一八"事变后,东北铁路员工在中国共产党的组织和领导下,团结各界爱国人士,积极配合东北抗日义勇军和中国共产党领导下的东北抗日联军同日本侵略者进行了英勇的斗争,沉重地打击了日伪的殖民统治.