西域绿洲人与自然的互动与演变——以高昌绿洲为例

吐鲁番绿洲作为天山南麓——环塔里木盆地诸绿洲为代表,在欧亚大陆间不同人类文明的交流与发展当中占有非常独特的地位。西域绿洲文明经历了从萌发到成长到成熟这三个不同的阶段,绿洲文明随人而兴,亦有可能因人而衰,要保持绿洲文明的可持续发展,人与绿洲生态环境的良性互动是解决问题的关键所在。     

乾隆年问“云南边外土司”建置研究

乾隆三十年冬初至乾隆三十四年底,中缅双方爆发大规模武装冲突,清军四次攻入临边一带缅甸实际控制的区域。在战争进程中,该区域内的众多土司头人降附清王朝,清廷遂将其接纳并授予土职,称为“边外土司”,从而改变了战争的目的。虽说设置“边外土司”是恢复元明统治规模,但此地久为缅甸占据,此举无异于一次复土开疆。但在付出重大的人员伤亡和耗费巨额财物后,最终却未得尺寸之地,对此后中缅关系以及清王朝治滇治策,均产生重大影响。     

Resources and spatial analysis at actual Nenets campsites: Ethnoarchaeological implications

The aim of this paper is to present and discuss empirical evidence on the dynamics of occupation and site formation processes from contemporary mobile campsites in Northwest Siberia. The questions posed are derived generally from archaeological studies of Upper Paleolithic record in Europe. We document the active Nenets summer camps at lakes and the abandoned winter and spring camps in the open tundra and the forest tundra. Analysis of the floral and zoological resources shows that plant resources and fish are available predominantly in the summer while reindeer are abundant in these regions in fall and winter when they return from summer pastures further north. When natural resources are not available, groups supplement with food purchased at shops. Within these living camps, “structures évidentes” and “structures latentes” of classical French paleoethnology cannot be distinguished as clearly as at Upper Paleolithic sites: and architectural remains, ash from hearths, and other objects may be removed from the central areas towards the site peripheries. However the investigated camps preserve a discrete structure with interior living areas (including children’s playgrounds), exterior areas with evidence of reindeer carcass processing, woodworking, and other activities, peripheral toss zones, and dispersed activity remains in the surrounding landscape.     

南宋著名诗人范成大“陂陀天海”砚考

家藏古砚中有一方墨渍满面的歙砚,镌＂持节风霜十九年＂铭,刻苏武牧羊像和＂山中＂＂居士＂印款的石砚。清洗观赏后方感到砚石的纹理奇而美,便萌生考证之念。     

Command Celebrities: The Rise and Fall of Hanzelka and Zikmund

In the 1950s and 1960s, the travellers, explorers, authors, and filmmakers Ji?í Hanzelka and Miroslav Zikmund became celebrities both in Czechoslovakia and abroad. The Communist cultural authorities actively supported the transformation of the two men into cultural icons, which could be exploited as a model for the suppression of ‘old’, ‘decadent’, and indeed ‘popular’ culture, and as a tool for recruiting members of the intellectual, cultural, and social elites into its service. Hanzelka and Zikmund’s multimedia travelogues, as well as their dashing public personae, blended in a unique way the ‘high’ and ‘low’, the accessible and unreachable, the familiar and the exotic, in the officially promoted culture of the time. But in the later 1960s, as Hanzelka and Zikmund’s political loyalties towards some form of reform socialism became more blatant, the two men fell into disfavour, and they found themselves banished from the public sphere following the events of 1968 until the regime fell in 1989. This article investigates how the curious ‘command celebrity’ of ‘H&Z’ straddled socialist ideology and capitalist consumerism, political affirmation and cultural critique.     

A PRACTICAL MODEL FOR SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALL BUILDINGS

A simple macro-model for reinforced concrete shear walls is proposed, which consists of spring elements representing flexure and shear behaviour. The model for flexural behaviour is based on section analysis, while the model for shear behaviour is based on key parameters of the flexural behaviour. Four wall test specimens are selected to evaluate the reliability of the model. Modelling parameters for the backbone curves and the hysteretic rules are examined by conducting static and time history analyses, with the hysteretic response of a test specimen compared to that calculated using the proposed model. Results show some differences between measured and calculated shear force versus shear distortion relationships, but the model is acceptable because the differences do not significantly affect calculated global response. Parametric studies are also conducted to examine the influence of modelling parameters on seismic demand and capacity, which are the major design parameters for structural performance evaluation. Differences due to variation in modelling parameters are not significant, further indicating that the proposed model is reasonable.     

关于济南大辛庄商代遗存年代的思考

济南大辛庄商代遗存的上限约当二里岗上层晚段,下限已到殷墟文化末期。由大辛庄遗存看鲁西地区商文化上限,将有助于商族起源、“中商文化”乃至岳石文化下限和去向等重大课题的研讨;其下限的判定则可为商周文化断代提供标准。     

取士与取官:以筹办洋务时期同文馆学生奖励为例

科举取士为清代士子入仕正途,筹办洋务时期,近代学堂开始兴起,科举取士逐渐为学堂取士所取代.近代学堂取士仿中国传统学校例而加以变通,具有取士与取官混而为一的特点.筹办洋务时期新式学堂初创时取士章程规定与实际运作的探索,影响了随后新式学堂的发展乃至新政时期学堂奖励规制的最终制定.     

尊崇与承继:陈作霖对卢前的影响

中国的传统文化、乡邦文化的魅力,是靠一代代的文化人继承、延续和发展的。陈作霖(可园)是保存近世南京文化的典型代表。民国时期,文学和戏剧史论家卢前对陈作霖的贡献推崇备至,以其为民国初年东南耆硕之魁率,认为陈作霖从历史的废墟和陈迹之中爬梳、挖掘和勾画出江苏和南京的历史文化的面貌,对发掘与整理江苏南京文献居功至伟。陈作霖对故乡南京历史文化的热爱,也影响了卢前的一生。在担任南京通志馆馆长和文献委员会主任期间,卢前主持编纂了26册的《南京文献》,延续了南京文化人对地方文献特别关注的传统。     

建设镇村风物地情馆 打造乡情文化新名片——“海安:故乡风物地情馆”项目实施报告

随着乡村振兴步伐的加快,城乡建设进入跨越式发展阶段,构成人们乡愁记忆的无数故乡传统和风物风习也在逐渐消失和淡化。海安市委史志工委鼓励并指导镇村挖掘利用地情文化资源,创新打造"让城市留住记忆,让人们记住乡愁"的系列地情馆,发挥地情文化的社会效益,形成地方文化自信,为处理继承与发展关系,让历史文化和现代生活融为一体,进而推动地区经济社会发展做出了有益探索。"海安:故乡风物地情馆"项目入选2019年江苏省地方志工作十大创新项目。