Amplification and sequencing of Trichuris trichiura ancient DNA extracted from archaeological sediments

Despite high prevalence of Trichuris trichiura infection, PCR-based analysis on T. trichiura from archaeological samples has not been established so far. In the present study, we sought to perform PCR-based amplification of T. trichiura aDNA using the sediments from medieval tomb of Korea. The presence of Trichuris eggs were first detected by microscopic observation; then confirmed by PCR-based aDNA analysis. Obtained sequence showed 100% homology to that of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSUrRNA) gene of T. trichiura but distinct from that of other Trichuris species. PCR-based aDNA analysis in this study can serve as effective method to confirm the presence of T. trichiura eggs in the soils or coprolites collected from archaeological sites.     

《诸司职掌》与明代会典的纂修

《诸司职掌》是明初的职官法典,与明代《会典》的纂修有着非常密切的联系。明代《会典》正是在其续编的过程中揭开了纂修的序幕,又是以其为蓝本完成了弘治、正德、嘉靖三朝的纂修、校订、刊行和续修工作。尽管在万历朝重修过程中其地位大大下降,而且由于史官的重大失误使其内容在时间标注上出现了一些谬误,但这并不影响其在明代《会典》纂修过程中所起的重要作用。     

《水经·洛水注》校笺及水道与政区复原(下)

《水经注》是我国古代以水道为纲记载地理信息的著名典籍,对于研究早期水道情况和政区变迁有着极为重要的意义。以往对《水经注》的研究主要集中于版本流传与郦学史方面,对郦注本文尚乏深入而细致的地理学方面的探究。因此,在文本校勘与史源探求工作的基础之上,选取《水经注》卷十五《洛水篇》作为研究对象,并利用相关文献和考古资料对郦注所记载的洛水相关水道与城邑进行全面的考释与系统的复原,不失为在《水经注》本体研究方面所进行的一次有益尝试。此外,以古今对照的形式编制出的《<水经·洛水注>河流名称古今对照表》与《<水经·洛水注>图》,不仅可以直观而形象地展现研究的结论,同时也可为相关研究者研读《水经注》提供便利。本文分上下篇,上篇已先行刊布,下编研究的范围自洛水东出散关至最终与河水交汇部分。     

博物馆免费开放后观众的来源及其特点

自博物馆免费开放以来,观众的参观热情非常高涨,一改往日门庭冷落的情况,等待参观的群众排起了长长的队伍。本文结合甘肃省博物馆的实际情况,对其观众来源特点做了分析。     

对当前方志续修体例的思考

方志体例是体现志书特征的关键,是方志理论研究的基础。本文从志书编纂方式入手,通过对传统方志续修体例的剖析,探讨方志续修体例,并联系目前正在进行的第二轮修志所普遍面临的实际困难和问题,对续修志书的编修体例进行思考与实践。     

论日本与纳粹德国在"强制劳动"罪行上的异同点(1933.9——1945.8)

本文以详实的史料和证据,首次论述和比较了二次大战期间日本帝国主义与纳粹德国对占领区人民实施强制劳动罪行,在时间、强制劳动人数、政策演变与实施系统上的异同点;以便使人们更深刻地认识日本帝国主义在华强制劳动罪行的特点和本质。     

元青花兽耳大盖罐鉴赏

（一）1978年,一件元青花天马缠枝牡丹纹兽耳大盖罐（图1）曾在日本大阪市立美术馆一展峥嵘。30年来国内外学术界对其最完整的著录仅为：元青花“海马”牡丹纹兽耳盖罐,高41厘米。     

The Kapthurin Formation revisited

This contribution reports on the results obtained from the 1980–7 research in the Kapthurin Formation (Baringo, Kenya) which aimed at the refinement of the chronology, stratigraphy and environmental evidence in order to establish a framework for the interpretation of the prehistoric sites. In 1966 a Late Acheulean industry with prepared-core technique and blade component, dated betweenca 0.82/0.64 myr and 0.23 myr had been described in the area concerned. All the sites belong to the middle Kapthurin formation which is situated in the Bruhnes normal polarity chron and has a lower limit of 0.58 myr. The upper limit of 0.23 myr could not be confirmed. The fauna is consistent with the available dating evidence. The sites are situated in a flat savanna landscape which was built up by a braided river system under slightly more humid conditions than the present climate. On some of the sites artifacts were found in association with palaeosoils. Although the interpretation of such assemblages must consider the impact of natural turbation processes, the palaeosoils provide exceptional conditions for comparing sites from the same phase of landscape stabilization. The present archaeological evidence suggests a sequence of Late Acheulean and Post-Acheulean (Sangoan?, Middle Stone Age) assemblages rather than the presence of one single industry as described previously. The relation between these assemblages and the two mandibles ofHomo sp. (aff.erectus) BK67 and BK8518 (found in 1966 and 1982) emphasizes the need for more research in the area.     

馆藏唐代“红地团窠对鸟纹锦”的保护修复

甘肃省博物馆藏唐代"红地团窠对鸟纹锦",存在残缺、污染、糟朽等严重病害,急需进行保护修复。本工作在采用测色仪、便携式荧光光谱仪、数码相机、掌上便携式显微镜scalar等专业仪器对该纺织品文物进行无损分析检测。依据检测结果和纺织品保存现状制定了科学的保护修复方案,继而采用支撑法,选用风格相近的背衬面料进行缝合加固,并对修复难点等问题进行研究分析。修复后的织锦纹理清晰,丝线稳固,色泽协调,整体牢固度提高,达到了理想的保护修复效果。此成果对今后同类文物的保护修复具有借鉴意义。     

北京昌平沙河镇出土蜻蜓眼玻璃珠的科学分析与研究

为探讨北京昌平沙河镇墓葬出土的三枚蜻蜓眼玻璃珠的质地和来源,利用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、激光拉曼光谱分析（LRS）、便携式能量色散X射线荧光分析（PXRF）三种无损分析方法,对玻璃珠基体和眼珠分别进行了结构和化学组成的无损伤测试。结果表明,这三枚蜻蜓眼珠的基质为玻璃态物质,其化学成分表明该玻璃属于钠钙硅酸盐（Na₂OCaOSiO₂）系统;Cu和Co是主要的着色元素。考虑到三枚珠子采用的钴料成分为高铁低锰的进口钴料,同时通过与国内外相似珠子的对比,推测这三枚蜻蜓眼玻璃珠是外国进口物的可能性较高。蜻蜓眼玻璃珠所在墓葬群虽为清代,但根据初步的分析研究可推断,墓主通过收藏或其他途径获得并将其作为随葬品。