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Scarantino LM 《Revue de synthèse / Centre international de synthèse》2011,132(2):233-254
This article presents the essential characteristics of Giulio Preti's thought. It focuses on the primacy of pragmatic experience in order to historicize the formal principles of knowledge. The historicity of a priori in Preti's work acquires the form of a historicity of common sense, conceived as a historic vector of conceptual structures which shape culture. The integration of the classics of pragmatism into critical and transcendental European philosophies engenders a pragmatic turn in philosophy of great theoretical relevance. 相似文献
124.
Many taphonomic studies of plant microfossils, specifically phytoliths and starch, are concerned with post-depositional movement, contamination, and morphological changes due to environmental fluctuations or plant processing. Additionally, the identification of phytoliths and starches archaeologically are based on their presence or absence. This paper examines whether it is possible to identify maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) phytolith and starch abundance associated with different processing behaviors as replicated through experimentally produced cooking residues. If successful, identification of likely associated processing and taphonomy of these microfossils will allow for a more refined interpretation of plant use as it relates to timing and plant form and processing. 相似文献
125.
William A. Lovis Gerald R. Urquhart Maria E. Raviele John P. Hart 《Journal of archaeological science》2011
Among the multiple proxies for detecting maize in precontact economies is the use of δ13C analysis of carbonized residues from ceramic cooking vessels. Although maize horticulture was widely established in Eastern North America (ENA) by A.D. 1000, there are carbonized residues from ceramic assemblages after this date that lack the elevated δ13C values indicative of the presence of maize. This may be due to the true absence of maize, or other factors including the masking of maize. Prior experimental research by Hart et al. demonstrated that the addition of C3 plants or consumers to two part mixes with maize can mask maize presence even when maize is the dominant ingredient. Here we investigate the effect of alkali processing of maize (nixtamalization) on δ13C using the widespread ENA process of boiling maize kernels with wood ash, a C3 product, to create hominy. Our experiments test whether or not the process of hardwood ash nixtamalization can mask the presence of maize in adhering carbonized residues by depleting δ13C values, and whether there is a reciprocal δ13C enrichment effect on the hardwood ash employed in nixtamalization. Overall, there is substantial δ13C depletion of residues when maize is cooked with hardwood ash, and hardwood ash cooked with maize shows the reciprocal enrichment. Therefore, the depleted values after the adoption of maize may be false negatives due to the nixtamalization process. 相似文献
126.
Neil Christie Paul Beavitt Josep Gisbert Santonja Victoria Gil Senís Joan Seguí 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(4):304-321
The region of the Serra de l’Altmirant in southeastern Spain, through its upland location and its rocky and scrub landscape,
is strongly perceived as marginal–this mainly in contrast with the nearby fertile coastal plains between Valencia and Denia,
busy with orange and vine production especially. A progressive colonization of the lower part of the Serra by weekend homes
is starting to counter this image of marginality, but at the same time such constructions threaten the residual archaeology
of a different type of human upland exploitation, namely pastoralism and hunting. Abandoned terraces, cisterns, store buildings
and larger corrals are evident even on the exposed plateau and testify to a period in which the Serra was active and integral
to farmers and shepherds from the villages of the adjoining valleys and plains. This paper discusses the nature of this activity,
as recorded through archaeological and ethnographic investigation, and considers also the materials and outlook of Manolo,
the last shepherd-in-residence on the Serra. 相似文献
127.
Australian Foreign Minister Julie Bishop and former Prime Minister Tony Abbott's Chief of Staff Peta Credlin have experienced very different political fortunes. Once the two most powerful women in the Australian Liberal Party, Credlin's political demise was mired in controversy, while Bishop continues to enjoy the support of her Party and the public. While there are many reasons for this, the article focuses on the gendered politics surrounding their experiences. Based on analysis of the media representations of Bishop and Credlin between 2011 and 2015, we argue that Bishop successfully negotiates gender politics by deploying the Iron Butterfly model of conservative femininity, while Credlin's fierce Political Warrior persona saw her pilloried. 相似文献
128.
Josep M. Armengol 《Postcolonial Studies》2017,20(4):479-493
This article revisits Frederick Douglass’s 1845 slave narrative as illustrative of the ‘birth’ of whiteness as ideology and, in particular, of the subordination of class to race interests in antebellum America. To do so, it compares Douglass’s text to Toni Morrison’s A Mercy (2008), which traces the origins of the slave trade back to the seventeenth century, when American slavery was not fully ‘racialised’ yet. While Morrison focuses on the earliest stage of the increasing (class) animosity among different types of servants and slaves, black and white, Douglass’s nineteenth-century Narrative already reveals the explicitly racialised association of human bondage with non-whiteness. I argue that Morrison’s novel may thus be interpreted as a ‘prequel’ to Douglass, whose Narrative illustrates the increasing racialisation of slavery throughout the nineteenth century, but also elaborates on its class and gender biases. In this sense, the essay concludes that Douglass shows how the assertion by white workers, especially males, of their racial and gender supremacy over both black men and women entailed, paradoxically enough, their class subjugation, which, if not in form, ended up transforming them into virtual ‘slaves’. 相似文献
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Daniela Imbardelli Maria Caterina Gallucci G. Chidichimo 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2017,9(4):567-578
The excavations in the necropolis of the Francavilla Marittima archaeological area, in Calabria, have brought to light the rich burial artifacts and materials, dated between the end of the ninth and sixth centuries BCE. SEM/EDS analysis was conducted on some sections taken from a bronze artifact classifiable as an armilla or fibula fragment. Our aim was to elucidate the nature of the corrosion processes acting on the specimen. SEM investigation detected the segregation of tin towards the outer layer and a depletion of the copper content in the same region. Furthermore, the elemental distribution maps of the sections analyzed evidenced the presence of chloride ions in the border area between the corrosion patina and the metal alloy. Such anion migration of chloride ions into the interior of the alloy leads to a particular variant of the type of corrosion of structure that in the literature has been identified as structure I.A cavity electrode designed for electrochemical measurements of powders was used to perform cyclic voltammetry experiments devoted to explore the activity of the patina covering the surface of the bronze fragment. The surface layer consists mainly of tin and tin oxides; the layer immediately beneath it contains copper oxides. An increase of reactivity was shown in an acidic environment. The activity of the patina is greatly reduced at pH 5 and appears to be zero at neutral pH. 相似文献