TESTING THE NEW ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY: MIGRATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL AGGLOMERATIONS IN SPAIN*

ABSTRACT This paper examines whether access to markets had a significant influence on migration choices of Spanish internal migrants in the interwar years. In it we perform a structural contrast of a New Economic Geography model that focuses on the forward linkage that links workers location choice with the geography of industrial production. The results prove the existence of a direct relation between workers' localization decisions and the market potential of the host regions. This could help to explain the apparently low intensity of internal migrations in Spain until the 1920s as well as its geography.     

Book reviews

Michael Maclear, Vietnam: The Ten Thousand Day War. Thames Methuen, London, 1981, pp x + 368. $16.95

Peter King, (ed.), Australia's Vietnam. George Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1983, pp. 226. $19.95 (cloth), $9.95 (paper).

Carlyle A. Thayer and David G. Marr, Vietnam since 1975 ‐Two views from Australia. Griffith University, CSAAR Paper No. 20, 1982, pp. $3.00

Walter Scott Dillard, Sixty Days To Peace: Implementing the Paris Peace Accords, Vietnam 1973. National Defence University, Washington, 1982, pp. xiv + 240. No price given.

Peter Pringle and James Spigelman, The Nuclear Barons Michael Joseph, London, 1982, pp. xii + 578. $25.00.

Daniel Frei, with the collaboration of Christian Catrina, Risks of Unintentional Nuclear War. Croom Helm, London, 1983, pp. xxxi + 255. $13.95.

Ian Clark, Limited Nuclear War. Martin Robertson and Company, Oxford, 1982, pp.266. £16.50.

Julie Dahlitz, Nuclear Arms Control with Effective International Agreements. McPhee Gribble, Melbourne, 1983, pp.238. $16.95.

G.A. Craig and A.L. George, Force and Statecraft: Diplomatic Problems of Our Time. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1983, pp.xiv + 288. $33.95 (cloth), $16.99 (paper).

Michael Carver, A Policy For Peace. Faber and Faber, London, 1982, pp.123. $6.95.

Everett Mendelsohn, A Compassionate Peace: A Future For The Middle East. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, 1982, pp. xii + 226. $6.95.

Alison Broinowski (ed.), Understanding ASEAN. Macmillan (in association with AIIA), London, 1982, pp.xv + 323. $36.00 (cloth), $13.95 (paper).

Tunku Shamsul Bahrin, Chandran Jeshurun, A. Terry Rambo (eds.), A Colloquium on Southeast Asian Studies. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore, 1981, pp. xvi + 319, S$35.00.

Alfred W. McCoy and Ed. C. de Jesus (eds.), Philippine Social History: Global Trade and Local Transformations. Ateneo de Manila University Press, Quezon City and George Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1982, pp. ix + 479. 524.95 (cloth) $12.95 (paper).

Stephen R. Shalom, The United States and the Philippines: A Study of Neocolonialism. Institute for the Study of Human Issues, Philadelphia, 1981, pp. xvii + 302. $19.50.

Karl J. Pelzer, Planters Against Peasants: The Agrarian Struggle in East Sumatra 1947–58 Martinus Nijhoff ‘S‐Gravenhage, 1982, pp. xvii + 186. No price given.

TAPOL, West Papua: The Obliteration of a People. TAPOL, London, 1983, pp. 114. £2.50

R. Mitton, The Lost World of Irian Jaya. Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1983. pp. ix + 235. $50.00.

Radha Sinha, Japan's Options for the 1980s. Croom Helm, London and Canberra, 1982, pp. 269. $27.50

Wang Gungwu, Community and Nation, essays on Southeast Asia and the Chinese. Heinemann Educational Books (Asia), Singapore, and George Allen & Unwin Sydney for Asian Studies Association of Australia, 1981, pp. 292. $24.94 (cloth), $12.95 (paper).

B. Male, Revolutionary Afghanistan. Croom Helm, London and Canberra, 1982, pp. 229. £13.95.

Edward Mortimer, Faith and Power: The Politics of Islam. Faber and Faber, London, 1982, pp. 432. $16.95.

Julius W. Pratt, Vincent P. De Santis, Joseph M. Siracusa, A History of United States Foreign Policy. 4th edition. Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., U.S.A., 1980, pp. xvi + 553. $US 18.95.

John Cartwright, Political Leadership in Africa. Croom Helm, London and Canberra, and St. Martin's Press, New York, 1983, pp. 310. $26.75.

Greg Crough and Ted Wheelwright, Australia: A Client State. Penguin Books Australia, Ringwood, 1982, pp. 255. $7.95.

Altro Polo. The Frederick May Foundation for Italian Studies, University of Sydney, annual. $10.00

The Scottish Government Yearbook. The Unit for the Study of Scottish Government, University of Edinburgh, annual. £10.00 (cloth) £5.95 (paperback).     

Book reviews

A.J.R. Groom and C.R. Mitchell (eds.), International Relations Theory: A Bibliography. Frances Pinter Ltd., London, 1978, pp. 222.

Terence Garvey, Bones of Contention‐ An Enquiry into East‐West Relations. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1977, pp 203. £6.50.

Dan Nabudere, The Political Economy of Imperialism. Zed Press, London, 197.7, pp ix, 301. £3.95.

V. G. Kiernan, America: The New Imperialism; From White Settlement to World Hegemony. Zed Press, London, 1978.

Malcolm Caldwell, The Wealth of Some Nations. Zed Press, London, 1977.

Geoffrey Hawker, R.F.I. Smith and Patrick Weller, Politics and Policy in Australia. University of Queensland Press, Brisbane, 1979, pp. 313. $24.95 cloth, $9.95 paper.

Martin Painter and Bernard Carey, Politics Between Departments. University of Queensland Press, Brisbane, 1979, pp. 132. $17.95 cloth, $8.95 paper.

J. F. Lovering and J. R. V. Prescott, Last of Lands . . . Antarctica. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1979, pp.212. $9.80.

Micahel Leifer, Malacca, Singapore, and Indonesia. Sijthoff and Noordhoff, Alphen aan den Rijn, 1978, pp. 217. US$35.

David Aaron Rosenberg (ed.), Marcos and Martial Law in the Philippines. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1979, pp. 315. US$17.50.

Contemporary Southeast Asia, vol. 1, No. 1, May 1979. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. US$12.00 per annum, four issues.

Milton Osborne, Southeast Asia: An Introductory History. George Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1979. 205pp. $A5.95.

D. B. Miller (ed.), Peasants and Politics: Grass Roots Reaction to Change in Asia. Edward Arnold (Australia) Pty Ltd, Melbourne, 1978, pp.218. $11.50.

K. R. Singh, The Indian Ocean: Big Power Presence and Local Response. Manohar, New Delhi, 1977. pp. x + 336. Rs 60.

Kim C. Beazley and Ian Clark, Politics of Intrusion: The Super Powers and the Indian Ocean. Alternative Publishing Cooperative Ltd., Sydney, 1979. $11.95.

Colin Legum et al, Africa in the 1980s: A Continent in Crisis. McGraw‐Hill, New York, 1979, pp. 232. S6.95.

Elaine Windrich, Britain and the Politics of Rhodesian Independence. Croom Helm, London, 1978, pp. 283. £10.95.

Belinda Probert, Beyond Orange and Green: The Political Economy of the Northern Ireland Crisis. Zed Press, London, 1978, pp.174. £2.95.

Edward Crankshaw, The Shadow of the Winter Palace: The Drift to Revolution 1825–1917, Penguin. .1978, pp.509. $3.50.

Uranium: Energy Source of the Future? The Case For —.E.W. Titterton. The Case Against — F.B. Robotham. Thomas Nelson Australia in association with The Australian Institute of International Affairs, Melbourne, 1979, pp.202 — $4.95.

Uranium: Energy source of the future?. The Case For — E.W. Titterton, The Case Against — F.P. Robotham. Thomas Nelson Australia in association with the Australian Institute of International Affairs, Melbourne, 1979, pp.202. $4.95     

October 2017 in Catalonia: The anarchists and the procés

The circumstances surrounding the call for a referendum on national independence in Catalonia in October 2017 led to high levels of collaboration between two, at first sight, unlikely partners: anarchists and Catalan independentists. Unlikely as this alliance may seem, it was well grounded on a number of factors: first of all, in the State response to the independentist challenge—the massive repression and the blockading of institutional channels to process nationalist demands pushed both movements closer in opposition to the central government; and secondly, in the prolonged interactions (in specific regions and industries) and engagement in joint solidarity activities between anarchists and segments of the Catalan left who had been influenced by the bottom-up approach of the indignados movement. Finally, this collaboration was also rooted on a long history of mutual engagement between anarchism and sectors of Catalan nationalism that, while not unproblematic, provided deep roots to this dialogue.     

Economic integration and industrial location: the case of Spain before World War I

During the second half of the 19th century, Spain's industrialgeography underwent radical change. In Jordi Nadal's words,‘Catalonia became Spain's factory’. This gradualgeographical concentration of industrial activity coincidedwith another process: the integration of the Spanish economy.The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants ofthe localization of industrial activity in Spain during thesecond half of the 19th century and the effects of economicintegration on Spain's industrial geography. To this end, wefirst review the historical analysis of these changes and presentevidence on the process of market integration and industrialconcentration by constructing a range of measures of industrialspecialization and geographical concentration. Second, we performan econometric analysis of the determinants of industrial locationat two points in time, 1856 and 1893, using spatial econometricstechniques. Our results are consistent with the hypotheses oftrade theories. During the second half of the 19th century,Spain became an integrated economy and industrial activity wasconcentrated in a limited number of territories characterizedby a comparative advantage in human capital endowments, a favourablegeo-economic position, and initial specialization in sectorsshowing scale economies.     

Stratigraphic and spatial variability in shell middens: microfacies identification at the ethnohistoric site Tunel VII (Tierra del Fuego,Argentina)

Based on ethnographic accounts from the eighteenth to the twentieth century, functional areas have been identified within Fueginian shell middens. In this context, archaeological microfacies acquire a functional meaning when the microscopic record is compared to information gathered from ethnology, macroscopic observations made during excavation, and experimental modern analogues. All these lines of evidence were combined for the first time at Tunel VII, an eighteenth/nineteenth century shell midden occupied repeatedly by Yamana people, the last hunter–gatherer–fisher groups of the Beagle Channel. The sampling strategy involved three sets of samples: (1) two stratigraphical columns taken from the hut “entrance” and from a portion of the shell midden (i.e., the surrounding refuse shell ring), (2) thin sections from five hearths representing successive phases of frequentation of the hut, and (3) experimental burnt valves of Mytilus edulis, the main malacological component of the site. Comparison of microfacies from groups (1) and (2) provided microscopic indicators to distinguish between shell dumping areas and occupation surfaces. Comparison of microfacies within columns from group (1) allowed recognizing periods of site abandonment and periods of more intense/longer site frequentation. The experimental samples from M. edulis served as a reference to characterize the five central hearths in terms of maximum burning temperatures reached. Different burning structures were correlated to the season of hut frequentation and to their location (and function) within different portions of the hut. The intra-site micromorphological comparison strategy within a well-documented ethnohistorical context provides valuable indicators for the identification of functional areas in archaeological contexts when ethnographical information is not available.     

Assessing the variability in taphonomic studies of modern leporid remains from Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) nest assemblages: the importance of age of prey

The Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) is an important leporid remains accumulator at archaeological sites. Taphonomical studies of modern leporid remains from nest assemblages of this nocturnal raptor aim to establish the main characteristics that define the taphonomic signature of Eagle Owls in order to distinguish them from that of other leporid predators, namely diurnal raptors, terrestrial carnivores and humans. However, analyses carried out so far have shown that the identification of diagnostic features of Eagle Owls leporid nest accumulations is not a straightforward issue – variability has been observed. Age and size of prey are pointed among others as accountable factors but little research has been done on the study of these variables. Here we present the analysis of two samples of modern leporid remains recovered from Eagle Owls nests with the aim of contributing new data to this subject. The high presence of juvenile individuals in both samples enables us to assess anatomical representation, breakage and digestion patterns of immature leporid remains and also to compare them with other assemblages richer in adult prey. Results show that the main characteristic features noted in previous works which recognise Eagle Owls as agents of leporid bones accumulations in the fossil record, are not significantly affected by the age of prey. Less variability than originally thought occurs which means other variables need to be further investigated.     

The Cais do Sodré Shipwreck,Lisbon, Portugal

The timber remains of a shipwreck, probably dating to the late‐15th or early‐16th century and found in 1995 at Cais do Sodré, Lisbon, Portugal, during the construction of a subway station, are described and analysed. © 2011 The Authors     

Taming a land. Power politics and the growth of complexity in the north‐east of the iberian peninsula during the first millennium BC: The lower ebro region

In this paper we examine the structure of politically complex societies in the north‐east of the Iberian Peninsula during the first millennium BC, using the Lower Ebro region as an example. Drawing on data provided in recent years by archaeological research, we discuss the combination of territorially hierarchical and heterarchical phenomena. At the same time we reassess the chronological framework in which this sociopolitical process took place. To do so, we rely more on information about the evolution of the protohistoric societies in the region under study than on information about material culture. We present a model that may serve as a starting point for future research.