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71.
72.
Islam came to China via the Silk Road, the great trading route beginning in the ancient Chinese capital of Xian. Islam flourished during the brutal but religiously tolerant Mongol Yuan dynasty. Harsh repressive measures were employed against the rebellious Muslims of the Qing dynasty. Islam has survived the tumultuous 20th century and has experienced a revival in the new millennium. Following a brief historical overview, including some of China's relevant history of insurrection, rebellion and reforms, the nature of the Muslim community in China, along with pressing contemporary issues, will be outlined and discussed. 相似文献
73.
Glynis Jones Huw Jones Michael P. Charles Martin K. Jones Sue Colledge Fiona J. Leigh Diane A. Lister Lydia M.J. Smith Wayne Powell Terrence A. Brown 《Journal of archaeological science》2012
Results of analyses of the photoperiod response gene (PPD-H1) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in modern landraces of cultivated barley were used as evidence for the mechanism of agricultural spread in Neolithic Europe. In particular, we explored the usefulness of considering adaptive genes as indicators of past selective pressures acting on crops, during their spread through Europe. In some areas, such as the Alpine region, Britain and Scandinavia, we have evidence to suggest that the adaptation of crops to certain climatic conditions may have contributed to the timing of agricultural spread. At the northern fringes of Europe, and in higher altitude locations in central Europe, the introduction of more suitably adapted cereals may have facilitated successful agriculture to trigger agricultural expansion. This research opens up the possibility of investigating other genetic adaptations to climate, which would permit a fuller evaluation of the relative contributions of climate/crop and forager/farmer interactions in the process of agricultural spread. 相似文献
74.
Reece Jones 《Political Geography》2012,31(8):534-535
75.
Nathan Goodale David G. BaileyGeorge T. Jones Catherine PrescottElizabeth Scholz Nick StaglianoChelsea Lewis 《Journal of archaeological science》2012,39(4):875-883
Integrating portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) instrumentation into archaeological investigations has generated as much interest as skepticism because several characteristics of the technique limit analytical accuracy and precision. This paper seeks to explore inter-instrument performance in order to assess the potential pXRF instrumentation has in examining the elemental composition of lithic raw materials. Two pXRF instruments, Delta and Omega models both manufactured by Olympus Innov-X Systems, were utilized to obtain the trace element signatures of five fine-grained volcanic sources and four obsidian sources in the Great Basin. We compared the two portable instruments to a wavelength-dispersive instrument extensively calibrated with geologic standards and to a commercial benchtop energy-dispersive system. Our results suggest that the relationships between the data produced by these different instruments are complex, and as we look to the future of pXRF use in archaeological analysis we argue that that the same strict protocols applied in laboratory-based XRF analyses, involving instrument calibration, evaluation of inter-instrument performance, and comparison to accepted geologic standards, need to be applied in pXRF analysis. 相似文献
76.
Sian Jones 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2012,16(2):346-366
Memory has become an important area of research in historical archaeology over the last decade with an increasing focus on
retrieving the narratives of subaltern groups and painful memories of conflict, displacement and loss. Drawing on ethnographic
research, I explore how archaeological excavation provides an arena for sharing, negotiating and contesting difficult forms
of memory associated with the Highland Clearances. I argue that the Clearances involve a kind of “postmemory” revolving around
a series of iconic motifs and that this provides a framework for interpretation and action in the present. Coherence is produced
not through the “excavation” of silenced narratives, but through social processes of performance, negotiation and “composure,”
as people engage in a dialogue with past, present and future. 相似文献
77.
78.
ABSTRACT The paper implements a methodology for assessing the regional impact of investment grants on foreign direct investment (FDI) location, taking data for U.K. regional policy over the period 1985–2005. Using a Generalized Methods of Moments estimator it finds that each £25 million of grant changes the regional location of about six inward FDI projects. On average, projects have 150 jobs and each job diverted costs £27,500 (1995 prices). It also finds that the size of the area designated for grants has a positive location effect. The effect is small in relation to the overall scale of FDI, which may explain the weak grant effect found in recent plant‐based location studies. 相似文献
79.
James H. Barrett David Orton Cluny Johnstone Jennifer Harland Wim Van Neer Anton Ervynck Callum Roberts Alison Locker Colin Amundsen Inge Bødker Enghoff Sheila Hamilton-Dyer Dirk Heinrich Anne Karin Hufthammer Andrew K.G. Jones Leif Jonsson Daniel Makowiecki Peter Pope Tamsin C. O’Connell Tessa de Roo Michael Richards 《Journal of archaeological science》2011
Archaeological fish bones reveal increases in marine fish utilisation in Northern and Western Europe beginning in the 10th and 11th centuries AD. We use stable isotope signatures from 300 archaeological cod (Gadus morhua) bones to determine whether this sea fishing revolution resulted from increased local fishing or the introduction of preserved fish transported from distant waters such as Arctic Norway, Iceland and/or the Northern Isles of Scotland (Orkney and Shetland). Results from 12 settlements in England and Flanders (Belgium) indicate that catches were initially local. Between the 9th and 12th centuries most bones represented fish from the southern North Sea. Conversely, by the 13th to 14th centuries demand was increasingly met through long distance transport – signalling the onset of the globalisation of commercial fisheries and suggesting that cities such as London quickly outgrew the capacity of local fish supplies. 相似文献
80.
Reece Jones 《亚洲研究评论》2011,35(3):373-395
This article analyses five different representations of the homeland category “Bengal”. The region of Bengal was partitioned twice in the twentieth century and imagined in a multitude of forms at different historical moments. The article describes the conditions that allowed different territories and peoples to crystallise as “Bengal” and “the Bengalis”, and investigates why some versions of the Bengali homeland proved durable as others faded away. Rather than asking who is the real Bengali and where is the real Bengal, it investigates how particular identity categories become popularly practised and why particular images of the homeland come to be perceived as true, legitimate and authentic. It concludes that homeland categories are never fixed and finalised, but are rather always in a process of becoming, and are contested, reimagined and redefined as socio-political contexts change. 相似文献