Studying the Cannons of Punta Santa Anna,Spain: In Situ Conservation,Promoting Public Access,and Monitoring Iron Corrosion

The 2001 UNESCO convention for the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) encourages and supports projects that would make accessible to the general public underwater cultural sites. Since 2010 the Catalonian Federation of the World Underwater Federation (FECDAS), have been developing outreach activities with the objective of promoting the protection of the UCH among recreational scuba divers. The purpose of this paper is to introduce one such project, the Punta Santa Anna in Blanes, Spain. This project has three objectives: the promotion of UCH to the general public, the in situ protection of this underwater archaeological site, and a case study on iron corrosion processes. FECDAS/CMAS will create an underwater archaeological park where recreational scuba divers will be able to visit some purposely selected archaeological iron cannons. To expose UCH to the general public will potentially affect the integrity of these artefacts. This risks potential damage and so, with the objective of minimizing potential threats, a series of protective measures and a systematic monitoring programme have been planned. The programme is designed to study the relationship between the underwater environment and the artefacts. The aim is to acquire a better understanding of the corrosion processes of iron objects present in marine underwater sites.     

An Analysis of Capitation for Mental Health Services

The major impetus for health care reform clearly seems to be the desire to contain the cost of health care. One of the major cost-containment methods proposed is capitation. Capitation poses specific problems when applied to mental health services delivery. This article discusses several of the major issues pertaining to the utility of capitation in mental health, discusses on-going capitation efforts, and provides an evaluation of capitation programs. Future directions for research on capitation in mental health are then suggested.     

Book reviews

D. W. Rawson: Labor in Vain? A survey of the Australian Labor Party, Longmans, Green & Co. Ltd., Croydon, Victoria, 1966, pp. 128, cased $2.75, paperback $1.95.

Ralph Gibson: My Years in the Communist Party, International Bookshop, Melbourne, 1966, pp. 268, $1.75.

Keith McEwan: Once a Jolly Comrade, Jacaranda Press, Brisbane, 1966, pp. 119, $3.25 and $1.95 (paperback).

John Wilkes, ed.: Australian Cities: Chaos or Planned Growth? Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1966, pp. 138, $1.95.

F. B. Smith: The Making of the Second Reform Bill, Melbourne University Press, 1966, pp. 297, $6.00.

H. G. Gelber: Australia. Britain and the E.E.C.—1961 to 1963, Oxford University Press. Melbourne. 1966. pp. 296 + xii, $9.50.

Alan Stoller, ed.: New Faces: Immigration and Family Life in Australia, F. W. Cheshire for the Victorian Family Council, Melbourne, 1966, pp. 195 + x. $3.00.

Ian G. Sharp and Golin M. Tatz, eds.: Aborigines in the Economy: Employment, Wages and Training, Jacaranda Press in association with the Centre for Research into Aboriginal Affairs, Monash University, 1966, pp. 382 + xvi, $4.65.

Sir Solly Zuckerman: Scientists and War: The Impact of Science on Military and Civil Affairs, Hamish Hamilton. London. 1966. pp. 177 + xiii, $3.25.

Gerald E. Caiden: The A.C.P.T.A.—A Study of White Collar Unionism in the Commonwealth of Australia 1885–1922, Occasional Paper No. 2, Department of Political Science, Research School of Social Sciences, A.N.U., Canberra, pp. 371, n.p.

Michael Collins: The Land Boomers, Melbourne University Press, 1966, pp. 247 + viii, $7.50.

Enid Campbell: Parliamentary Privilege in Australia, Melbourne University Press. Melbourne, 1966, pp. 218, $6.00.

Anthony Clunies Ross and Peter King: Australia and Nuclear Weapons: the Case for a Non‐nuclear Region in South East Asia, Sydney University Press, 1966, pp. 111, $2.

Paul W. van der Veur: Search for New Guinea's Boundaries: From Torres Strait to the Pacific, A.N.U. Press, Canberra, 1966, pp. 176 + xii, $6.30. Distributor: Jacaranda Press, Brisbane.

Paul W. van der Veur: Documents and Correspondence on New Guinea's Boun‐daries, A.N.U. Press, Canberra. pp. 210 + x, $3.40. Distributor: Jacaranda Press, Brisbane.

J. P. Sinclair: Behind the Ranges: Patrolting in New Guinea, Melbourne University Press, 1966, pp. 230 + xvii, $4.75.     

I Like You,I Like Your Pottery: An Ethnoarchaeological Approach to Ceramic Distribution and Acquisition in Northeastern Ghana

This article deals with the myriad determinants involved in pottery distribution in northeast Ghana, considered from a theoretical perspective that integrates the materiality of vessels and the social, political and historical context where both communities and pottery operate in their daily practice. Hence, we develop a comprehensive research strategy that combines emic and etic views covering the multiple dimensions of pottery life history. In this sense, production units, technical traditions and the characteristics of the redistributive centres, as well as the strategies for pottery acquisition, are studied. Special attention is paid to quite varied aspects such as the physical properties of vessels and their performance characteristics, the reputation of both vessels and potters according to the consumers and the mobility and connectivity patterns found in the study area. On the other hand, interpretations regarding the historical and sociopolitical context of the region are emphasised, as well as the interethnic relationships amongst groups inhabiting the area.     

The chert from the Castelltallat Formation (south-central Pyrenees): archaeometric characterisation and archaeological implications

Chert from the limestones and marly limestones of Castelltallat Formation (Ebro Basin) was widely used throughout prehistoric times in north-eastern Iberia to produce stone tools due to its properties and accessibility. A rough estimate indicates that this rock—either as raw material or as lithic products—was distributed mainly to the north of the outcrops, over an area of 6000–8000 km². However, other rocks in the area have similar characteristics which can lead to confusion in the interpretation of its prehistoric use and distribution. In order to establish useful archaeometric criteria for differentiating this chert from other similar, the Castelltallat chert is characterised in petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical terms. The chert nodules are found to be homogenous at the macroscopic and microscopic level, with a significant presence of bioclasts, thus indicating they might be formed in a freshwater lake environment by the early diagenetic replacement of carbonates in shallow waters. The mineralogical composition is homogeneously uniform and of a flint type, characterised by an almost exclusive predominance of quartz, without any opaline phases, and a variable proportion of moganite. The iron oxide content is very low, whereas its chemical composition is unusually high in uranium which correlates positively with carbonate content and negatively with silica. Archaeometrical parameters are provided to reach a proper identification of tools knapped with this chert. This way, chert from Castelltallat Formation turns out to be a valuable lithological marker to evaluate the range of mobility of the human groups who lived in the north-eastern Iberia and their contacts with neighbouring areas.