Revisiting the lead isotopic compositions of the Shang bronzes at Hanzhong and the new hypothesis of Qinling as the source of highly radiogenic lead

The provenance of the highly radiogenic lead (HRL) contained in Chinese Shang bronzes has attracted great scholarly attention in recent years. A new study of the Hanzhong Shang bronzes has put forward a hypothesis that the HRL metal may come from the adjacent Qinling Mountains. This article reanalyses the lead isotope ratios and alloy compositions of the Hanzhong bronzes. Combining the analytical results, the modern ore data and the slags from Guanzhong area, we propose that there is no direct evidence to identify Qinling as the provenance of HRL metal (especially lead). Whilst over 80% of the Hanzhong bronzes contain HRL, the indigenous artefacts containing both HRL and special alloying elements (As, Sb, Ni) account only for minor portions. This fact cannot verify that HRL originates from Qinling, and even makes it difficult to prove that most of the Hanzhong bronzes use local metal resources. An alternative argument might be that the HRL used in Hanzhong derived from the Shang dynasty. The use of HRL reflects a unified system for allocating metal resources centred on the Shang kingdom, which has great significance for further understanding of the resource circulation patterns among different bronze cultures and locations during the Shang period.     

齐量制刍议

齐国量制本以升、豆、区、釜、钟为单位,从战国开始发生急剧变化,与其他诸侯国量制趋于统一,"斗"进入齐国量制系统。这一过程并非是突然发生的,"斗"初始用"/卮"来指称,在《考工记》中"豆"这一旧量单位被借用来表示"斗",直到战国末期"斗"方正式成为标准量制单位。     

Legal heritage and urban slums

This paper studies the effect of legal origins (common law vs. civil law) on contemporary slum formation in developing countries. First, we provide a cross-country correlation analysis. Second, we provide a regression discontinuity analysis using household data from Cameroon. The results suggest that a common law heritage is associated with a lower probability of slum conditions. The legal philosophies transplanted through colonization appear to be associated with the pattern of contemporary urban housing stocks in developing countries.     

Study on the source of raw material and firing technique of glazed tiles bodies in the Ming Imperial palace site,Nanjing, China

This article considered glazed tiles excavated from the Ming Imperial Palace site in Nanjing as the research object. Glazed tiles were selected and analyzed via vacuum porosimeter, thermal dilation (TD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) to determine their physical property, firing temperature, phase composition, and chemical composition, respectively. Results show that the firing temperature of body belongs to the temperature range (of 950–1,100°C), whereas the water absorption and apparent porosity are large. The phase composition of glazed tile bodies is the same (predominantly quartz and mullite). However, some samples contain trace amounts of rutile, hematite, sodalite, and orthoclase. The firing temperature combined with the phase composition indicates that the raw material and firing process of glazed tile body samples have similarities, which embody of the strict and unified management system of the official kiln. The raw materials of glazed tile body in the Ming Imperial Palace site may come from Dangtu glazed kiln, whereas the rest of the samples remains to be explored. This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the evolution of glazed tile-making technology in ancient China, and is important for the protection and repair of glazed buildings in the Ming Dynasty.     

以发展与和谐为主题推动青海"十一五"又快又好发展

党的十六届五中全会是在我国改革发展进入关键时期召开的一次重要会议。贯彻落实五中全会精神,推动青海“十一五”经济社会又快又好发展,必须牢牢把握青海新阶段的主题,正确处理加快发展与实现和谐的关系;必须以科学发展观为统领,继续突出抓好抓生态、打基础与加快培育和壮大特色经济这两个关键问题;必须坚持以人为本,着力提高城乡居民收入水平;必须坚持改革开放,不断解放和发展生产力;必须继续发扬青海人的团结和奋斗精神。     

小珠山上层文化分期与年代研究

目 次 一 相关材料文化属性的几点说明 二 四平山积石墓出土材料的分组研究 三 其他遗址发现的小珠山上层文化遗存的分组研究 四 文化分期与年代判断 小珠山上层文化是一支分布于辽东南部地区的新石器时代晚期的考古学文化,因1978年发掘的小珠山遗址上层遗存而得名.二十世纪初,日本学者于辽东南部地区的调查中采集到部分该文化的遗物[1].二十世纪四十年代初又发掘了上马石、四平山、文家屯等遗址[2],出土了较丰富的遗物,由于这几批材料迟迟未能发表,影响了学术界对该文化的正确认识.新中国成立后,中国学者于二十世纪六十年代前后在大连市(原称旅大市)调查采集到部分该文化的遗物,并注意到其与山东龙山文化的紧密联系[3].直到二十世纪七十年代,随着大连郭家村和长海小珠山、上马石、蛎碴岗、南窑等遗址的发掘[4],对这类遗存才有了一定的了解,发掘者遂将以小珠山上层和郭家村上层为代表的遗存正式命名为"小珠山上层文化"[5],同时,也有学者称之为"郭家村上层遗存"[6].在发掘材料陆续发表之后,学者对该文化进行了广泛的讨论,但辽东南部地区出土的这类遗存的性质、年代等问题仍存在诸多分歧,关于其分期问题的研究也未深入展开.     

中国经济史学会2006年年会中国现代经济史研究热点问题综述

2006年7月12～13日,由中国经济史学会、江西师范大学联合举办的中国经济史学会年会暨国际学术讨论会在江西省南昌市召开。参加会议的学者共提交了26篇研究中国现代经济史的论文及论文提要,其中有19篇论文研究了农业、农村及农民问题,另外的几篇论文探讨了中国共同富裕的理论与实践、政府职能、中外经济关系、“五年计划”、行业管理等问题。     

《水经·洛水注》校笺及水道与政区复原(下)

《水经注》是我国古代以水道为纲记载地理信息的著名典籍,对于研究早期水道情况和政区变迁有着极为重要的意义。以往对《水经注》的研究主要集中于版本流传与郦学史方面,对郦注本文尚乏深入而细致的地理学方面的探究。因此,在文本校勘与史源探求工作的基础之上,选取《水经注》卷十五《洛水篇》作为研究对象,并利用相关文献和考古资料对郦注所记载的洛水相关水道与城邑进行全面的考释与系统的复原,不失为在《水经注》本体研究方面所进行的一次有益尝试。此外,以古今对照的形式编制出的《<水经·洛水注>河流名称古今对照表》与《<水经·洛水注>图》,不仅可以直观而形象地展现研究的结论,同时也可为相关研究者研读《水经注》提供便利。本文分上下篇,上篇已先行刊布,下编研究的范围自洛水东出散关至最终与河水交汇部分。     

承德庄田的开发与避暑山庄的建立——兼论承德开发与康熙帝的治边思想

承德塞外荒漠之地,随着庄田的建立和开发,生齿日繁,谷田丰产,为浩荡的八旗军北上木兰秋犭尔提供了物质基础,为避暑山庄的建立创造了有利条件。避暑山庄建立,是训练八旗、控制蒙古、加强北部边防之需,康熙帝在避暑山庄的活动又促进了承德的进一步开发,使社会经济发生重大变化。康熙帝在北巡中根据变化了的形势制定了切实可行的治边政策,形成了独特的治边思想。     

新疆区域经济可持续发展途径的探讨

本文以新疆的产业结构、投资、科技、旅游为突破点,全面分析新疆尤其是北疆经济发展中存在的问题,并集中探讨了促进新疆经济可持续发展的途径。