晚清江南望族的修谱动员——以《申报》为中心

咸同兵燹对近代中国江南社会经济和宗族秩序造成重大冲击的同时,也为江南望族重建宗族秩序提供了新的契机。战乱之后,江南望族纷纷在《申报》上刊登修谱广告,掀起修谱动员热潮,试图通过续修族谱来重建宗族秩序。修谱广告内容丰富,尤以修谱类型、谱资来源、修谱要求、通讯地址、谱局和落款等内容为主。虽然在近代化早期,由于战争影响和报纸阅读群体的限制,致使短期内修谱动员效果不佳,但从长时段来看,仍有不少宗族通过这种方式完成修谱任务。     

First Evidence Of The Use Of Freshwater Pearls As A Cosmetic In Ancient China: Analysis Of White Makeup Powder From A Northern Song Dynasty Lv Tomb (Lantian,Shaanxi Province,China)

The Lv family tombs in Lantian, Shaanxi Province are one of the most important archaeological sites of China in recent years, providing numerous objects and a wealth of information for the study of the history of the Northern Song dynasty. There were a large number of exquisite cultural relics unearthed from the tombs, including one porcelain box containing white powder, which was identified as women's makeup. The phase composition, microstructure, thermal properties and characteristics of the trace elements in the unearthed white cosmetic powder were comprehensively analysed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry – thermogravimetry (DSC–TG), Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) microscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP–AES). The white makeup powder was determined to be a product made from high‐quality freshwater pearls. These results, for the first time, showed evidence that freshwater pearl powder was used as a cosmetic in ancient China using archaeological objects, providing scientific evidence and new clues to enrich and expand research into the ancient Chinese cosmetic materials.     

Seeking evidence: The 1984 visit to Nanjing by a Japanese investigative team and its significance

ABSTRACT

In December 1984, a private Japanese academic organization, the “Nanjing Incident Research Committee” (Nankin Jiken Chōsa Kenkyūkai), sent a survey team to visit Nanjing, with the aim of obtaining more evidence on the Nanjing Massacre to counter the internal debate within Japan. Through the coordination by the “Office of the Leading Team on History, Museums and Monuments for the Nanjing Massacre” during the visit, the survey team was able not only to gather historical materials, meet with survivors, and tour historical sites, but also to engage in exchanges with Nanjing researchers and students of Nanjing University. This visit to Nanjing further publicized Japan’s internal debate on the Nanjing Massacre in China, while also representing an unprecedented effort for collaboration between China and Japan in research on the Nanjing Massacre.     

Real-Time Dynamic Hybrid Testing Coupling Finite Element and Shaking Table

In this article, a Simulink simulation block with the finite element function is developed on the basis of S-function and implemented as the numerical substructure of real-time dynamic hybrid testing. Thereby, a real-time dynamic hybrid testing system coupling finite element calculation and shaking table testing is achieved. Using the developed system, a shear frame mounted on the soil foundation is tested, in which the shear frame is simulated as the physical model and the foundation is simulated as the finite element model with 132 degrees of freedom. Several cases of the dynamic behavior of soil-structure interaction are studied.     

寺观彩塑的制作工艺与保护研究

本文在对寺观彩塑的制作材料和制作工艺剖析的基础上,探讨了物理因素、化学因素、生物因素及人为因素对彩塑产生的破坏,并提出了针对性的保护措施,该研究对寺观彩塑的修复及保护具有参考价值.     

清代纺织面料——“羽毛纱”的织物结构研究

本文运用现代纺织科学的检测手段,分析了故宫博物院收藏的两件“羽毛纱”样品的组织结构和各项物理指标（织物单位面积质量、织物密度、纱线线密度、纱线捻度和捻度系数）及其织造方法,找到了同样织法的两块织物,存在不同面料风格的真正原因。古人通过巧妙的织造方法,充分发挥纺织原料各自的优点,织造出满足不同穿着目的的面料。     

胶研水对几种传统纸张性能的影响

由明矾和胶料配制而成的胶矾水,是书画绘制、装裱和修复过程中经常使用的材料。胶矾水具有防腐、固色和增加机械力度等功能,但对纸质文物的耐久性有一定的影响。本研究选用宣纸、桑皮纸和连史纸等代表性的传统手工制纸,在它们的表面分别涂敷不同浓度的胶矾水,经干热老化后,对比分析它们的酸碱度、白度、耐折度和抗张强度的变化,揭示胶矾水对这几种手工纸张性能的影响,进而探讨其影响机理。研究结果表明,胶矾水将增加纸张的酸度、降低纸张的白度,明胶水能提升纸张的机械强度,而不同浓度明矾对纸张机械强度的影响存在差异。     

从《永泰张氏宗谱》辑录宋人佚文佚诗——兼说张元干籍贯及佚文价值

明万历年间所修<永泰张氏宗谱>,对研究南宋著名词人张元干具有重要的史料价值.二十世纪八十年代,福州市文化局的曾意丹先生和福州市文物管理委员会的官桂铨先生曾先后撰文,披露过宗谱的有关内容,曾先生撰有<张元干生平及其思想渊源考辨>①,据谱中所收张元干之子张竑墓志铭,考出张元干的卒年是绍兴三十一年(1161).官先生所撰<词人张元干世系>②,则据宗谱资料,弄清了一向混沌的张元干家世.十几年前我撰写<张元干年谱>时,主要参考的就是官先生文中提供的宗谱资料,而未能见到宗谱原书,谱中很多珍贵的资料未能采用.1989年<张元干年谱>在南京出版社出版后,我才与官先生取得联系,他慷慨地将<永泰张氏宗谱>全谱复印一份寄赠给我.我如获至宝,一直珍藏至今.     

乾隆版《晁氏家乘》及其意义

家谱的发展在宋代具有特殊的意义.这不仅表现在家谱编撰方式上由官府主修变为私家修撰,并随着时代发展,逐渐向庶民阶层渗透;而且表现在家谱功能上由过去炫耀门第、考校选举等政治功能和婚姻交往等社会功能变为"敬宗收族"的伦理教化功能.但是在北宋前中期,虽然苏洵<苏氏族谱>和欧阳修<欧阳氏谱图>开创了新的修撰范式,响应者似并不多,以至于欧阳修曾对苏洵说:"是不可使独吾二人为之,将天下举不可无也"(<嘉祐集>卷十四<谱例>引).但是晁氏却是能够洞见时代对新的家谱需要的宗族之一.