Using television: Programme content and need gratification

It is shown that audience members actively select amongst available programmes on television. This selection is based upon the social role and situational characteristics of the viewer and it is also directly related to the reasons given by viewers for watching television.

Patterns of programme selection are related to three clusters of needs and reasons. The two most important of these are composed of needs relating to information and diversion. The least important cluster is concerned with the self and social contact.

Escape and diversion needs are satisfied by almost any programme; selection is minimal by those viewers expressing these needs. Information needs are best satisfied by news and other informational programmes, while social and self needs are best satisfied by quiz and variety programmes, popular drama and movies.     

Graph Theory Interpretation of Flow Matrices: A Note on Maximization Procedures for Identifying Significant Links

A maximization procedure for identifying significant links in a flow matrix is described and its use illustrated. The method appears to have advantages over primary-flow linkage methods and over methods based on flow-combination procedures.     

A Review, Comparison, and Evaluation of Some State & Local Data Handbooks

Bureau of the Census, 1972 Census of Governments
Bureau of the Census, Local Government Finances in Selected Metropolitan Areas and Large Counties: 1974–75
Bureau of the Census, City Government Finances in 1974–75
International City Management Association, The Municipal Year-book, 1977
Paul Albright, ed., The Book of the States, 1976–77