Remembering Rehnquist

William Hubbs Rehnquist spent the last thirty-three years of his life as a member of the U.S. Supreme Court, fifteen as an Associate Justice and eighteen as Chief Justice. I met Bill when I was a freshman at Stanford in 1946. He was attending Stanford and working part time as a "hasher" at my dormitory during the evening meal. He amazed all of the young women by carrying such heavy loads of dishes on his tray. Perhaps that is how he learned to carry all those heavy loads in all of the years that followed. He was tall and good-looking, and he had a sharp sense of humor.     

Gender research in rural geography

This review examines the development of research on gender within the broad arena of rural studies. It does so through four main themes: community, work, environment and sexuality. Drawing on work from a range of Western countries, the review shows how an early reluctance to engage with feminist research and work on gender more broadly has given way to a highly active, diverse and rich research direction in rural studies. The review selectively charts key phases in the development of rural gender studies and shows how research has moved from conceptualising rurality as 'container' for the creation, performance and contestation of gender roles to seeing the rural as integral to the actual construction of gender identities and to the ways they are performed and negotiated. As well as highlighting past research areas, the review suggests some directions for the future development of rural gender studies.     

A Community Issue? Rural Women's Feelings of Safety and Fear in New Zealand

Following previous geographies of gender and fear this article is stimulated by the dominance of urban accounts of women's experience of safety and fear in different ‘private’ and ‘public’ spaces1 This work is based on an article presented at the ‘Emotional Geographies’ conference (Lancaster University, September 2002). View all notes. We argue that rural and emotional geography perspectives on these issues provide new directions for both a feminist critique of the notion of ‘rural community’ and broadening of the emotional geographies literature. Communities have been studied at length in rural geography, yet the term itself can be problematic and its emotional potency has not been rigorously interrogated. Differing experiences of the rural community in relation to characteristics of, for example, class, gender, sexuality, age and ethnicity have led to a questioning of idyllic assumptions attached to rural life and the construction of ideas about the rural community. In this article we extend existing debates to argue that constructions of the rural community as an emotionally harmonious, safe and peaceful space may be challenged by women's experiences of fear in various rural spaces. We take the specific case of two contrasting Aotearoa/New Zealand communities and document how women negotiate personal feelings of safety and fear in their own areas. We highlight the absence of a binary of fear/safety, noting that women often live with and through these emotions in more complex ways. Finally, we close by placing this discussion within broader reflections on community as an emotionally charged term and as a rhetorical space of concern and/or responsibility in agency discourse and crime management.     

Challenges to Riverine Planning in Australia

Australia's riverine resources have been statutoralty unrecognised and unprotected and as a consequence seriously degraded by land use practices in many regions since European settlement There is now an urgent need to modify and manage river systems for increasingly complex and diverse water requirements. This is not easy. A framework of important components in a river management system shows the muti-faceted and complex nature of the biophysical and institutional environment     

Constructions of Rural Women's Voluntary Work

This article examines the nature and circumstances of women's voluntary work in rural communities. Drawing on original research conducted in two villages in Avon, England, it focuses on three main themes. Firstly, it considers theoretical debates on the conceptualisation of rural women's labour, arguing that traditional divisions between public and private forms of work provide an inadequate basis for understanding either women's labour participation or their domestic lives. The notion of voluntary work as a third sphere is discussed as it relates specifically to the rural labour market and community. Secondly, the article examines voluntary work in terms of the empowerment of women. It addresses issues of women's role and status in the rural community, questioning whether the state's use or reliance on voluntary work in rural areas represents an exploitation of women's position or an opportunity for women to gain influence and power. Thirdly the article evaluates the contribution of women's voluntary work to the conceptualisation and representation of rurality. The focus here is on the way in which voluntary activity supports a particular form and image of the rural community and, in turn, the implications this has for gender divisions and women's identity in contemporary rural England.     

ESTIMATION OF THE BULK COMPOSITION OF FINE-GRAINED MEDIA FROM MICROCHEMICAL AND BACKSCATTER-IMAGE ANALYSIS: APPLICATION TO BISCUIT WASTERS FROM THE BOW FACTORY SITE,LONDON*

Microprobe and digitized electron-backscatter image data reveal that eighteenth-century Bow porcelain consists of a silica polymorph(s) (25–43 vol. %), a calcium phosphate phase (42–55%) with homogeneous and stippled textural variants, and a silicon-, aluminium-, and calcium-rich, former melt phase represented by discrete domains (14–20%) and micron-scale blebs that occupy 20–70% of the stippled calcium phosphate. Bulk compositions calculated from these data are deficient in calcium phosphate components and more siliceous than those determined by microprobe analysis of fused powders of the same samples. This reflects difficulties in determining representative values for the composition and volume of the melt phase, and underscores the limitations of the method where applied to media containing compositionally- or texturally-heterogeneous phases.