彭头山等遗址陶片和我国最早水稻遗存的加速器质谱~(14)C测年

本文介绍用加速器质谱碳十四测年(Accelerafor-mass-spectrometry—~(14)C)方法,简称AMS—~(14)C方法,直接测定古代陶片中各种含碳组分的年龄,并报道对湖南彭头山和胡家屋场两遗址陶片和我国最早水稻遗存的测年结果。这是北京大学考古系与牛津大学考古与艺术史研究实验室合作的成果。陶片的碳十四测年国内外还很少有系统的研究,它提供了新的可能,也提出了新的问题。     

文章千古事 得失寸心知

文章千古事得失寸心知浙江省东阳市志办公室王庸华《东阳市志》问世后,重温那呕心剔肺的岁月,个中的甘苦和得失,作为主编自有一本明细帐。修志伊始就碰到两个问题。第一、制订规划时,吸取兄弟市县的经验教训,我们提出的战略是寓总纂于分纂之中,寓编纂于资料采集之中...     

Regional demographic trends in France: an examination at the level of the "zones d'emploi"

"The paper studies the regional demographic trends in France from 1968 to 1990.... The study follows two main objectives: (1) Analysis of the main regional migration and population trends over the three census periods from 1968 to 1990. (2) Analysis of the growth trends of different types of regions on the basis of typifying the ?zones d'emploi' (labour market regions) according to economic criteria and settlement structure criteria. The large-scale patterns of the population and migration trends seem to be relatively stable in comparison to the massive change in the general economic and political framework in France and Western Europe.... The different region types, however, show more distinct changes." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE AND RUS)     

旅顺“怪坡”

沈阳的‘怪坡’早已见之于报刊和电视,科学证明‘怪坡’不怪,并不违背生活常识。现在又有人提出旅顺怪坡的问题,我们原文照登,希望引起有关部门的重视,实地考察一看,看看究竟是沈阳那种不怪的怪坡还是确实能向科学挑战的怪坡。     

World population growth,family planning,and American foreign policy

The US decision since the 1960s to link foreign policy with family planning and population control is noteworthy for its intention to change the demographic structure of foreign countries and the magnitude of the initiative. The current population ideologies are part of the legacy of 19th century views on science, morality, and political economy. Strong constraints were placed on US foreign policy since World War II, particularly due to presumptions about the role of developing countries in Cold War ideology. Domestic debates revolved around issues of feminism, birth control, abortion, and family political issues. Since the 1960s, environmental degradation and resource depletion were an added global dimension of US population issues. Between 1935 and 1958 birth control movements evolved from the ideologies of utopian socialists, Malthusians, women's rights activists, civil libertarians, and advocates of sexual freedom. There was a shift from acceptance of birth control to questions about the role of national government in supporting distribution of birth control. Immediately postwar the debates over birth control were outside political circles. The concept of family planning as a middle class family issue shifted the focus from freeing women from the burdens of housework to making women more efficient housewives. Family planning could not be taken as a national policy concern without justification as a major issue, a link to national security, belief in the success of intervention, and a justifiable means of inclusion in public policy. US government involvement began with agricultural education, technological assistance, and economic development that would satisfy the world's growing population. Cold War politics forced population growth as an issue to be considered within the realm of foreign policy and diplomacy. US government sponsored family planning was enthusiastic during 1967-74 but restrained during the 1980s. The 1990s has been an era of redefinition of the issues and increased divisiveness among environmentalists, feminists, and population control advocates. The current justification of US population program assistance is based on concern for the health of women and children. Future changes will be dependent on ideology, theology, and political philosophy.     

李超同志逝世

李超同志逝世中国共产党的优秀党员、原文化部教育局副局长、离休干部李超同志（回族）,因公务赴广州,于１９９５年１月２１日１５时１５分猝然逝世,终年８１岁。李超同志１９１４年１０月生于河北省迁安县。青少年时期受爱国进步思想的影响,他以强烈的民族自尊和爱国...     

论中国共产党“一边倒”的外交政策

论中国共产党“一边倒”的外交政策许毅,隆武华新中国建立前夕,以毛泽东为核心的中国共产党第一代领导集体,实现了从世界反法西斯统一战线到＂一边倒＂的外交政策的转变。这个转变及其＂一边倒＂的外交政策,是当时复杂、剧烈对抗的国际环境的产物,也是近代以来先进的...     

论抗日战争期间国民政府的援朝政策

论抗日战争期间国民政府的援朝政策石源华国民政府对流亡在中国的朝鲜民族独立运动始终是支持的,但在全面抗战爆发后,具体支持方式和政策有所变化。抗战八年间,随着中国战局的变动及世界反法西斯战争形势的发展,国民政府援朝政策的重点、内容及其取得的结果,大致上经...     

"A sudden and terrible revelation": motherhood and infant mortality in France, 1858-1874

In 1874, legislators in France passed a law regulating the wet-nursing industry. Citing recent medical research into the causes and social costs of high infant mortality, the law's supporters met little opposition, despite the fact that the law challenged the tradition of paternal authority and familial autonomy that had been inscribed in French law since the promulgation of the Civil Code of 1804. Extending state power into the familial realm required a concerted effort by reformers, who concentrated on two issues: maternal responsibility for newborn infants and the social costs of early death. Because working women in urban areas used wet-nurses to preserve their wage-earning capacity, reformers capitalized on widespread opposition to women's labor outside the home. The law met little opposition in part because the issues of paternal authority had already been thoroughly debated several months earlier in the child labor law of 1874.