考文垂的创伤修复与和解之旅

如何利用创伤历史遗产促进和平城市构建,是所有遭受战争破坏城市发展过程中不可回避的历史和现实问题,关系到一座城市的身份定位与未来发展、乃至国家形象与国际和解。英国的考文垂、德国的德累斯顿、日本的广岛、波兰的华沙以及中国的南京,在历史上都历经了沉重的战争创伤,形成了几代人的集体记忆。只有深刻记住曾经的苦难并以此为镜,才能避免历史悲剧的重演。作为一种被F.R．安克斯密特称作“崇高的历史经验”的创伤历史,我们对其记忆与认知非常重要。历史事实证明,构建和平城市是对苦难历史的一种最好的纪念和修复。当一座城市的创伤历史记忆升华为人类共同的记忆,我们对过去灾难的认知就可以超越陈规定型的政治记忆。唯此,痛苦的历史才能与未来的和平相连,才能促成昔日敌对双方的和解,从而为创建人类命运共同体增添希望。我们相信,随着越来越多的城市迈向构建和平城市之路,进而形成全球和平城市网络,和平记忆终将超越战争记忆。本组笔谈愿为此崇高的人类目标略尽绵薄之力。同时,本组笔谈也尝试为陷入瓶颈的城市史和文化史研究贡献一条新的可行路径。     

野牦牛的故乡

巴毛琼宗是遐迩闻名的山,格萨尔长诗多处记载着这个地名。巴毛琼宗位于羌塘无人区,东径87度15分、北纬34度80分处,海拔高程约五千八百米。巴毛琼宗是在一个千里平滩中独立的方形山,虽然山体不大,但造形奇美。此山四周共四泉一湖,均系淡水,人畜皆可饮用。巴毛琼宗原意巴姆鹏宫或巴姆的玛瑙宫。巴姆是指格萨尔中的魔国女大将——巴姆·阿达陆莫,传说她是魔国王——阿琼的北卫大将。因此,她在羌塘北部有两座宫殿,一是巴毛多宗(巴姆石宫),另一个则是巴毛琼宗(巴姆鹏宫)。据说,巴毛多宗是用     

Marital instability in a rural population in south-west Uganda: implications for the spread of HIV-1 infection

"The aim of this study was to examine people's beliefs about the causes of marital instability in a rural population cohort in south-west Uganda. Results from a baseline survey of HIV-1 infection in the cohort of over 4,000 adults (over 12 years old) showed a twofold increase in risk of infection in divorced or separated persons when compared with those who are married. A purposive sample of 134 respondents (seventy-two males, sixty-two females) selected to represent different ages, religions and marital status were asked in semi-structured interviews to comment on the reasons for continuing marital instability in their community. The most common reasons suggested for marital instability were sexual dissatisfaction, infertility, alcoholism and mobility....HIV infection was not mentioned as a direct cause of separation, but a small independent study revealed that seven out of ten couples separated on learning of a positive HIV test result of one or both partners. Marital instability is not uncommon in this population; there is evidence that HIV infection is making the situation worse." (SUMMARY IN FRE)     

从最新考古研究成果看女真文化源流的某些问题

最近20年来,苏联科学院远东分院历史,考古与远东各民族研究所的考古学家、中世纪历史学家,在塞金、尼古拉耶夫、安那尼耶夫,拉佐夫、叶卡杰琳娜、诺沃果尔杰也夫、克拉斯诺雅罗夫、斯卡丘斯特、布拉霍特纽金和滨海边区的其它地方的一些古城址和古遗址所进行的考古调查研究中,尽可能地收集最丰富的、最全面的反映滨海边区12～13世纪初叶,女真人文化、经济活动、生活习惯及社会制度的材料。这类资料产生了一种可能性,具体地说,有时突然产生了一种观点,即对曾经考察过的一些地点及其民族文化的历程,又有了新的认识,并且据此得出新的结论。比如,就女真人的文化历程的性质来说,具有混合的特点,而从其文化的民族内容来说又是独特的。     

东南亚漆艺简史

尽管今天的东南亚各国都建立了自己的漆器工业,但需对它的发展过程追根溯源,却十分困难。因为它的早期历史鲜为人知,而且遗留下来的文物只能帮助我们追溯到18世纪。人们普遍认为自古以来,漆一直被用来防水,或制成保护层用于木制品或编织物,用漆于较复杂的装饰技术,其最初起源仍是人们争论、猜测的热门话题。热带气候     

我的三个儿子被认定为活佛的来龙去脉

我的三个儿子被认定为活佛的来龙去脉拉鲁·次旺多吉我有４个儿子,其中３个被先后认定为转世活佛,这是拉鲁家的福泽,也表现了拉鲁家族在旧西藏政界和宗教界的地位。次子晋美曲英被认定为达那活佛藏历铁兔年（１９５１年）的一天,南木林宗的达那寺的几位代表来到我家,...     

Regional demographic trends in France: an examination at the level of the "zones d'emploi"

"The paper studies the regional demographic trends in France from 1968 to 1990.... The study follows two main objectives: (1) Analysis of the main regional migration and population trends over the three census periods from 1968 to 1990. (2) Analysis of the growth trends of different types of regions on the basis of typifying the ?zones d'emploi' (labour market regions) according to economic criteria and settlement structure criteria. The large-scale patterns of the population and migration trends seem to be relatively stable in comparison to the massive change in the general economic and political framework in France and Western Europe.... The different region types, however, show more distinct changes." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE AND RUS)