The Troubled History of Pluralism     

Ian Tregenza 《European Legacy》2001,6(4):505-508

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Review article: Landscapes compared     

Ian Wood 《Early Medieval Europe》2007,15(2):223-237

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Irish insanity 1800–2000     

Ian Miller 《Irish Studies Review》2015,23(4):503-504

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Ian Mladjov 《History Compass》2015,13(4):171-183

When it comes to diplomatic relations, the phrase “too close for comfort” perfectly describes the relationship between the medieval Byzantine and Bulgarian states in the Balkan peninsula. In the early 10th century, shortly after Bulgaria's conversion to the Eastern rite of Christianity, the two states engaged in a bloody and lengthy conflict over not just territory and wealth but also over the now exacerbated issues of diplomatic equality and prestige. Marching on Constantinople, the Bulgarian monarch Simeon I demanded the imperial title itself and was partly accommodated by the Ecumenical patriarch Nicholas I in an idiosyncratic ceremony that has caused much debate among Byzantinists and Slavicists. This study explores the main features of the historiographical debate and attempts to find the correct answers in the testimony of the relevant sources. And while the incident under investigation might appear self‐contained, it lies at the heart of a major preoccupation of Byzantine diplomacy: Byzantium's monopoly on the political heritage of Rome and the Roman imperial title. Correctly interpreted and compared to Byzantium's diplomatic relations with the Frankish ruler Charlemagne, Simeon's recognition as a non‐Roman emperor and peer of his Byzantine counterpart in 913 suggests a pattern of grudging and incomplete accommodation designed to guarantee both the safety and the identity of the Byzantine Empire.  相似文献   

    

John Dodson  Richard Fullagar  Judith Furby  Robert Jones  Ian Prosser 《Archaeology in Oceania》1993,28(2):94-99

We report the first site in Australia with a dated association of human technology and megafauna, in a palaeoenvironmental context. There are few sites in Australia where evidence of humans and Pleistocene megafauna coincide (Flannery and Gott, 1984; Flood, 1983 151–159; Gillespie et al., 1978; Gorecki et al., 1984). Such coincidences are often poorly dated or undated due to their antiquity or stratigraphic context. Cuddie Springs contains several distinct concentrations of megafaunal bone, in addition to a scatter of bone through all the sediments examined. Most of the deposit is beyond radiocarbon dating but an upper portion of sediment has been dated between 19,000 and 30,000 B.P. Artefacts and increased charcoal appear about 30,000 B.P. and then have a continuous presence. The artefact assemblage includes grindstones with starch residues, ochre, a probable cylcon and stone artefacts with reworked edges containing blood and hair. These combine to provide evidence of plant and animal processing and cultural practices at 30,000 B.P. The bones and artefacts were deposited when Cuddie Springs was a shallow freshwater lake surrounded by a relatively arid shrubland, the lake then became ephemeral and the environment more arid as the glacial maximum approached.  相似文献   

    

Ian J. McNiven  William R. Dickinson  Bruno David  Marshall Weisler  Friedrich von Gnielinski  Melissa Carter  Ugo Zoppi 《Archaeology in Oceania》2006,41(2):49-81

Excavations at Mask Cave on the sacred islet of Pulu off Mabuyag in the central west of Zenadh Kes (Torres Strait) reveal four occupational phases: Phase 1 (2900–3800 years ago), Phase 2 (2100–2600 years ago), Phase 3 (1500–1700 years ago) and Phase 4 (last 1500 years). Faunal remains indicate marine specialization (turtle and fish) during all phases. Petrographic analysis of sherds of finely made red‐slipped pottery dating back 2400–2600 years reveals a unique fabric in terms of current understandings of Oceanic ceramic technologies. Mineral inclusions are consistent with local geology suggesting local manufacture and the existence of Indigenous Australia's first pottery tradition. Pre‐ceramic Phase 1 is associated with demographic expansions across the western islands of Zenadh Kes by local populations of marine‐based hunter‐gatherers who were primarily Aboriginal language speakers. Phase 2 is associated with the immigration of Papuan maritime, horticultural and pottery‐making peoples to the eastern and western islands of Zenadh Kes commencing 2600 years ago. Australian then Papuan settlement expansions across the western islands of Zenadh Kes explain why the local Western‐Central Language has an Aboriginal base with a Papuan overlay. First colonization of the eastern islands by Papuans explains why the local Meriam Mìr language is Papuan. Early red‐slipped pottery in Zenadh Kes is linked to southern coastal Papuan pottery traditions that are reassessed to have a comparable 2600 year antiquity. Papuan settlement of the southern Papuan coast and Zenadh Kes was an extension of the post‐Lapita settlement of the Pacific, an event memorialized in part by Torres Strait Islander oral tradition.  相似文献   

Afghanistan: ‘the great game’ or the domino theory?     

Ian Cummins 《Australian Journal of International Affairs》1980,34(2):141-147

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Ian Bowler 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》1999,90(3):260-271

The contemporary regional development of agriculture is commonly interpreted as a variable spatial response to exogenous pressures exerted by the globalisation of the farm sector. However, farm families and networks of institutions in interaction have the capacity to generate endogenous processes in regional agricultural development. This interpretation is explored in the context of farm diversification (alternative farm enterprises – AFE) in five lagging regions of the European Union – West of Ireland, Highlands of Scotland, northern Pennines of England, Massif Central of France, and West-Central Greece. The varying regional development of farm diversification is explored through an analysis of ‘paths of farm business development’, ‘institutional thickness’ and the relationship between farm families and networked institutions. The analysis identifies a selective failure of ‘functional connectivity’ between farm families involved in endogenous agricultural development and regional institutional networks for rural development.  相似文献   

  总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Ian Cook  et al 《对极》2004,36(4):642-664

In a recent round table about Antipode 's radical geographies, contributors argued that the journal needed more papers which stimulated debate, were accessible to academics and non-academics alike, didn't \"preach to the cognoscenti\", were written to fit into radical teaching agendas, and were diverse and eclectic in style ( Waterstone 2002 :663; Hague 2002 ). This paper has been written to fit this bill. It outlines the findings of multi-locale ethnographic research into the globalization of food, focusing on a supply chain stretching from UK supermarket shelves to a Jamaican farm, and concluding in a North London flat. It addresses perspectives and critiques from the growing literature on the geographies of commodities, but presents these academic arguments \"between the lines\" of a series of overlapping vignettes about people who were (un)knowingly connected to each other through the international trade in fresh papaya, and an entangled range of economic, political, social, cultural, agricultural and other processes also shaping these connections in the early 1990s. The research on which it is based was initially energized by David Harvey's (1990 :422) call for radical geographers to \"get behind the veil, the fetishism of the market\", to make powerful, important, disturbing connections between Western consumers and the distant strangers whose contributions to their lives were invisible, unnoticed, and largely unappreciated. Harvey argued that radical geographers should attempt to de-fetishise commodities, re-connect consumers and producers, tell fuller stories of social reproduction, and thereby provoke moral and ethical questions for participants in this exploitation who might think they're decent people. This paper has been written to provoke such questions, to provide materials to think through and with, for geography's ongoing debates about the politics of consumption.  相似文献   

    

Ian Lilley 《Archaeology in Oceania》1985,20(2):60-65

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