此心安处是故乡——失范理论视域下城市街头艺人空间行为与治理研究

街头艺术具有触发城市公共空间活力的积极作用，但在城镇化与城市转型交织的特殊背景中，街头艺人群体却被贴上“秩序破坏者”与“底边阶层”的标签，成为公共空间和主流秩序排挤的对象。文章以结构化理论的方法，建构街头艺人“空间-治理规则-治理图景”的解释框架，并以“社会失范理论”的视角，探寻街头艺人空间行为背后的真实目标诉求与既有社会治理规范的冲突。研究认为城市治理手段应当主动适应治理对象的行为规律与目标诉求才能避免失范，街头艺人的行为和社会关系网络具有基于其自身职业特性与理性选择的内在合理性，而既有的刚性、去流动性的稳态治理范式，同街头艺人的真实诉求之间存在不适性。进而提出“适应流动性”的空间治理策略，包括流动性的城市空间、在地化的城市权利等，希冀善待和尊重街头艺人，构建具有艺术活力和开放包容的城市空间。     

我国个体和私营经济法律地位的历史演变

党和国家对个体私营经济法律地位的认识及保护,有一个不断发展并逐渐深化的过程。在经历了1949～1954年有限发展、1956～1978年几乎绝迹的时期后,自改革开放以来,我国经济体制发生了很大变化,个体和私营经济相应地也迎来了1978～1992年大力发展的时期和1992～2003年蓬勃发展的时期,其法律地位也发生了巨大的变化。     

清宫通景线法画探析

西洋技法的介入对清代宫廷绘画的影响是十分明显的,体现在多种形式的艺术作品中,其中用以装饰宫室的贴落因为融入了西方透视画的因素而形成了视觉效果独特的通景线法画。本文力图通过追述透视画法在欧洲的传统以及流传至中国的背景,进而整理出清宫通景线法画出现及发展的脉络,并进一步探讨通景线法画所具有的审美价值和历史意义。     

磁州窑陶瓷雕塑艺术品浅谈

磁州窑是我国北方著名的民间瓷窑,其产品几乎涵盖了生活器具、陈设赏玩、宗教偶像和建筑装饰等所有品类。本文从陶瓷雕塑艺术的角度出发,选取部分出土于磁州窑址或馆藏的保存较好、价值较高的作品,从其造型艺术、装饰技法、施釉敷彩等方面分类作一综述和介绍。     

Investigation of ancient noodles,cakes, and millet at the Subeixi Site,Xinjiang, China

Ancient foodstuffs, including noodles, cakes, and common millet, were excavated from the Subeixi Cemeteries (cal. 500–300 years BC), Turpan District in Xinjiang, China. Starch grain and phytolith analyses were undertaken to identify the plant species involved. These indicate that the noodles and cakes were made from Panicum miliaceum. Ancient food preparation technologies were also investigated by cooking experiments.     

Adaptation in cultural industry under conservation pressure: case study of two Chinese embroidery clusters

Abstract

In this study, we explore how tension between ‘culture’ and ‘industry’ can be effectively dealt with in promoting cultural industry, taking the Chinese embroidery sector as an example. The diverging performance of two leading centers of Chinese embroidery production suggests that local adaptive and networking capabilities are essential in creating a new path out of the tension, and these capabilities are largely determined by local openness/flexibility, entrepreneurship, and linkage capacity. In Changsha, cultural conservatism prevails, and the local embroidery sector largely maintains traditional product styles and target customers, sticking to the historic path. It is in question, however, whether such a strong bias toward the high-culture segment of the industry is good for cultural heritage protection in the long run, given that the industry at standstill has faced increasing challenges in sustaining a solid local pool of skilled labor. In contrast, Suzhou’s local embroidery sector has actively responded to the changing market environment, through increased product segmentation and customization as well as intra/cross-industry collaboration. Such a flexible, scale-up strategy has helped the industry attract local talent and meet the market demand, while maintaining space for high-end artistic products.     

《商颂》的作者、作期及其性质

<诗经·商颂>现存五篇:<那><烈祖><玄鸟><长发><殷武>.这是颂扬商族祖先的祭祀歌辞,其中涉及的内容大致包括:     

Early history of Chinese domestic sheep indicated by ancient DNA analysis of Bronze Age individuals

China has a long history of sheep husbandry, and has several indigenous sheep breeds. However, the exact geographic origin of Chinese domestic sheep remains unclear. To provide valuable genetic information for origin of Chinese domestic sheep, we performed an ancient DNA study on 22 sheep excavated from four Bronze Age archaeological sites in Northern China. Two lineages (A and B) were observed in ancient Chinese sheep, of which lineage A was predominant reaching a frequency of 95.5%. Furthermore, phylogenetic network showed that the most frequent haplotype in ancient sheep was the founder of lineage A. These results suggest that Lineage A may hold the key to understanding the origin of Chinese domestic sheep. Sequence sharing and principal component analysis showed that the ancient Chinese sheep had a close affinity to modern Chinese sheep. However, there was no significant breed structure among three modern Chinese sheep groups, making it difficult to determine their relationship to ancient Chinese sheep. Lastly, our results imply that ancient DNA analysis could provide a new way to investigate prehistoric East-West contact.     

Fast Nonlinear Analysis of Traditional Chinese Timber-Frame Building with Dou-Gon

ABSTRACT

This article presents a study of the applicability of fast nonlinear analytical (FNA) models in predicting the global response of Chinese traditional timber-frame building with Dou-Gon under seismic excitation. Efforts are made to overcome challenges in establishing simplified calculation models, and the corresponding dynamic equations are derived considering the mechanical behavior of sliding column root, mortise-tenon joint and Dou-Gon (bracket sets). Furthermore, nonlinear time-history analysis is conducted under different seismic excitations. Through a verification study, a good correspondence is obtained with previous shake-table test results. Seismic response analysis is also conducted to investigate the energy dissipation of column root sliding, mortise-tenon joint, and Dou-Gon. Subsequently, peak responses of column root and roof under increased values of peak ground acceleration (PGA) are also analyzed. And then, seismic isolation ability and damping characteristics of the model are discussed.     

东海女真文化的认知人类学阐释——以满族萨满史诗《乌布西奔妈妈》为例

满族萨满史诗<鸟布西奔妈妈>展示了东海女真社会鲜为人知的珍贵历史及大量古俗,凸显着满族原生文化的要素及特质,蕴含着丰富的生态意蕴.东海女真文化作为一种生存策略,集中表现为东海女真民众在生存实践中的一种知识能力和创造能力,这种能力主要源自东海女真人对自然的认知,对社会的认知以及由此产生的感悟与联想.对东海女真文化进行认知人类学的解读,对廓清满族原生文化的生成动因具有重要的意义.