全球化视角下的世界城市网络理论

城市诞生时就相互保持着联系,只有将城市纳入世界城市网络中才能正确把握城市产生和发展的本质。1980年以来在第三次全球化浪潮的背景下,世界生产要素和产品市场开始整合,世界城市的兴起是国际劳动分工在空间上的表达。Cohen、Friedmann、Sassen、Castells和Taylor等学者提出并发展了世界城市理论,世界城市网络理论已经成为研究城市问题的重要框架。联系数据的缺乏长期制约了世界城市网络的实证研究,二十世纪九十年代中期以来学者们创新性地解决了方法论的问题,对世界城市网络的各个层面进行了实证研究。     

张继与第一次国共合作

张继是中国近现代史上一位极其复杂与富于传奇色彩的历史人物。他是清末中国最早的留日学生,又是中国最早的无政府主义者。更为重要的是,他是最早投身辛亥革命的民主战士与同盟会的发起人,是中国国民党著名的元老,因而曾被毛泽东誉为“中国革命的老辈”~①。就是这样一个人,在１９２２－１９２７年国共两党第一次合作与破裂的过程中,曾起过非常重要又非常复杂、极富典型意义的作用。他先是积极倡导,奔走联络,鼓吹不遗余力;但曾几何时,他又带头发难,肆行破坏,锋芒毕露,变化迅速,前后判若两人。可以说,再没有一个人象张继那样…     

First fossil thaneroclerid beetle from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cleroidea: Thanerocleridae)

Cai, C. & Huang, D., January 2018. First fossil thaneroclerid beetle in Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cleroidea: Thanerocleridae). Alcheringa 42, 115–119. ISSN 0311-5518.

Thanerocleridae is a small family of Cleroidea with no fossil representatives to date. Here we describe and figure the first fossil representative of Thanerocleridae, Cretozenodosus fossilis gen. et sp. nov., from the mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Cretozenodosus is referred to the extant subfamily Zenodosinae as evidenced by its open procoxal cavities and transverse procoxae. Cretozenodosus has close affinities with the North American Zenodosus Wolcott, suggesting that modern Zenodosinae is probably a relict group. Our discovery of a new thaneroclerid genus from Burmese amber suggests that Thanerocleridae originated no later than the mid-Cretaceous.

Chenyang Cai [cycai@nigpas.ac.cn] Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Diying Huang [dyhuang@nigpas.ac.cn] State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.     

A new fossil sinoalid species from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou beds (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cercopoidea)

Fu, Y., Cai, C. & Huang, D., October 2017. A new fossil sinoalid species from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou beds (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cercopoidea). Alcheringa 42, 94–100. ISSN 0311-5518.

A new fossil species, Luanpingia daohugouensis sp. nov., belonging to the family Sinoalidae is described from the Middle to Upper Jurassic Daohugou beds of Inner Mongolia, China, on the basis of two well-preserved complete specimens. The described species of Sinoalidae are reviewed and Jiania gracila is considered a junior synonym of Jiania crebra. The new discovery increases the palaeodiversity of sinoalids from the Daohugou beds. It also indicates stratigraphic correlation between the Daohugou beds, the Haifanggou Formation at Haifeng, Beipiao City, West Liaoning Province, and the Jiulongshan Formation at Zhouyingzi, Luanping County, Hebei Province. All of these units host the ‘early assemblage’ of the Yanliao biota.

Yanzhe Fu [yzfu41@163.com], Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Chenyang Cai [cycai@nigpas.ac.cn], Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Diying Huang* [dyhuang@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.     

Changing intergenerational contracts: gender,cohorts and elder care in central rural China, 2005–2013

In the absence of stable pension systems, elder care arrangements in rural China depend on intergenerational contracts. The existing scholarship on elder care in rural China tends to treat the elderly as a homogeneous group and depict them mainly as ‘care recipients’. Based on a diachronic qualitative study in central rural China between 2005 and 2013, this research examines the changing intergenerational contracts between two cohorts of rural elderly and their adult children. These cohorts hold different positions in terms of family structure, number and sex composition of adult children, living arrangement, physical situation, economic standing and appreciation of intergenerational exchange. These differences further produce different social exchange patterns and disparate elder care modalities between genders and cohorts. Drawing upon insights from gender theory on social gerontology, this research identifies the ‘agency’ of older rural women and explores ageing issues among older rural men. This study also presents policy implications by identifying the most disadvantaged group in terms of elder care support.     

"骑鹤上扬州"非殷芸《小说》佚文辨正

"腰缠十万贯,骑鹤上扬州"微妙地道出世人欲兼得超脱升仙、享有荣华的心理,后世多比喻兼得人间美事,或譬说个人贪欲太多,传续在文人创作与民间口语里.     

燃料换代历史与森林分布变迁——以近两千年长江上游为时空背景

清代中叶以前长江上游在使用传统的生物质燃料时期燃料总体十分富足,唐宋元明时期个别煮盐业发达的地区出现了薪材匮乏的现象,但并不影响总体的生物质燃料的丰富充足状况。长江上游最早在汉代就开始发现火井,并在晋代利用天然气作为手工业燃料,但直到清代才逐渐在川东、川南部分地区盐业中广泛使用,而在生活中较多使用天然气等液化气是20世纪80年代以来的事。煤炭在中国也是早在汉代就开始,在长江上游的使用早在唐宋就出现,但很长时期内不论是在生产中或是在生活中都是煤炭与木材、木炭并用。近代以来,城市生活和生产煤炭使用范围扩大,但农村受多方面的制约,煤的使用程度并不十分普及,直到今天,农村生物质燃料仍为主体。由于人口压力、工业化过程中燃料换代不能实现,清中叶以来至20世纪80年代,是长江上游生物质燃料的危机时期,也是从生物质燃料向非生物质燃料转换的转折时期,其中20世纪60年代至80年代达到顶峰。近十多年来,由于液化气、煤炭、沼气、电力等非生物质燃料大量使用,燃料换代加速,加上城市化背景下农村实际生活人口减少、环境保护意识增强、烹熟可食用品增多,虽然生物质植物燃料在农村仍为主体燃料,但城市乡村的生物质燃料薪材采伐量大大减少,森林生态环境的压力减弱。     

观台出土窖藏汉晋时期钱币简报

观台,村名。位于河南省许昌市东侧四十华里,汉魏许都故城遗址东南八华里的溟水岸边,当年汉魏之际曹操屯田的中心遗址。东汉末年,曹操在此实行军垦屯田,为了观兵练武而在此修了一台,名曰“观台”。后人在此建村,村名延续至今。该村现在隶属河南省许昌市鄢陵县只乐乡。     

赤峰市松山区初头朗镇三座店村东梁东区石城址调查报告

2005年8月中旬,为配合三座店水利枢纽工程建设,在赤峰市松山区初头朗镇三座店村洞子山石城址参加抢救性发掘期间,利用工余时间考察了三座店村东梁石城址。该