越南的下高棉民族分离主义问题

下高棉人是今越南九龙江平原地区（历史上为“下柬埔寨”地区）的土著。下高棉人与越南主体民族越人（京人）之间在历史上形成的民族隔阂及现实矛盾,在世界民族分离主义浪潮的影响和外部敌对势力的煽动下,演变成下高棉人要求成立独立的“下高棉国家”的民族分离主义运动,对越南的社会、政治及对外关系产生了严重的影响。     

Revisiting the lead isotopic compositions of the Shang bronzes at Hanzhong and the new hypothesis of Qinling as the source of highly radiogenic lead

The provenance of the highly radiogenic lead (HRL) contained in Chinese Shang bronzes has attracted great scholarly attention in recent years. A new study of the Hanzhong Shang bronzes has put forward a hypothesis that the HRL metal may come from the adjacent Qinling Mountains. This article reanalyses the lead isotope ratios and alloy compositions of the Hanzhong bronzes. Combining the analytical results, the modern ore data and the slags from Guanzhong area, we propose that there is no direct evidence to identify Qinling as the provenance of HRL metal (especially lead). Whilst over 80% of the Hanzhong bronzes contain HRL, the indigenous artefacts containing both HRL and special alloying elements (As, Sb, Ni) account only for minor portions. This fact cannot verify that HRL originates from Qinling, and even makes it difficult to prove that most of the Hanzhong bronzes use local metal resources. An alternative argument might be that the HRL used in Hanzhong derived from the Shang dynasty. The use of HRL reflects a unified system for allocating metal resources centred on the Shang kingdom, which has great significance for further understanding of the resource circulation patterns among different bronze cultures and locations during the Shang period.     

市内激励源对古建筑振动的影响

为了分析在不同激励下振动对古建筑的影响,选择苏州市省级文物保护单位——玉涵堂古建筑进行振动测试。记录了环境振动、地下轨道交通激励、人群社会活动激励和音响激励四种工况时一座两层砖木阁楼的振动信号。发现经过严格振动控制的地下轨道交通激励对古建筑振动的贡献可以忽略;环境振动和音响激励时段古建筑横向振动速度达标,而人群社会活动激励时段横向振动速度超标。从古建筑的建筑结构和功能区域划分以及人的激励形式三个方面对通常被忽视的人的因素进行了探讨,并提出了相应的减振措施。研究成果为其它类似两层砖木阁楼古建筑防护提供依据。     

馆藏纸质书画文物上霉菌的分离与鉴定

霉菌污染会影响馆藏纸质书画的保存和展示。对书画污染菌进行分离及鉴定,有助于提高文物霉变防治工作的针对性,进而提高防治效果。本研究利用传统的纯培养法从遭受霉菌污染的馆藏纸质书画表面分离得到8株霉菌,通过形态特征观察和r DNA转录间隔区序列ITS(Internal Transcribed Spacer)测序分析。结果表明:8株霉菌分属于曲霉属(Aspergillus)、根霉属(Rhizopu)和木霉属(Trichoderma)。研究结果可为馆藏纸质书画文物防霉剂的研发和文物霉菌的综合防治提供靶标和依据。     

新见"襄阴"圜钱与"(衣)金"尖足空首布

一、"襄阴"圜钱 几年前见到一枚战国圜钱,钱径26、孔径10mm,重6.2克(图1).因其上文字比较特别,当时仅一见,曾旋读为"襄二甾",判定为战国晚期赵国圜钱.①近期见到两枚与几年前见到的那一枚大小、铭文基本相同的圜钱,一枚重3.5克(图2),一枚重4.2克(图3,"襄"字下部笔画很浅),文字清晰可辨,当释读为"襄阴二".     

日本对东亚直接投资"雁行模式"再思考

20世纪80年代以来日本在东亚地区进行大规模的直接投资,执意要确立梦寐以求的、以日本为领头雁,带动亚洲NIES,由ASEAN和中国作为后盾的“雁行模式”。这种三位一体的投资地区分布和产生结构的梯度转移,虽然在短期内有利于日本在亚洲乃至世界保持经济、技术上的优势,有助于东亚经济的高速增长,但从长期效应来看,由于“雁行模式”所具有的致命缺陷,对东亚等发展中东道国乃至日本本国经济发展以及产业结构的高度化将带来深刻的负面效应。     

Book reviews

CHINA

YI‐TSI MEI FEUERWERKER. Ideology, Power, Text: self‐Representation and the Peasant ‘Other’ in Modern Chinese Literature. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998. 321 pp. $A90.00, hardcover.

PO‐CHING YIP and DON RIMMINGTON. Basic Chinese: a Grammar and Workbook. London: Routledge, 1998. vii, 221 pp. £12.99, paper.

MARY ANN FARQUHAR. Children's Literature in China: from Lu Xun to Mao Zedong. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1999. $US62.50, hardcover.

RAY HUANG. Broadening the Horizons of Chinese History. Discourses, Syntheses, and Comparisons. Armonk, NY; London, England: M. E. Sharpe, 1999. viii, 274 pp. Tables, graphs, notes, index. US$56.95, hardcover; US$22.95, paper.

GLORIA HEYUNG CHUN. Of Orphans and Warriors: inventing Chinese American Culture & Identity. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2000. 198 pp. Introduction, notes, bibliography, index. US$59.00, hardcover; US$19.00, paper.

JAPAN, KOREA

PURNENDRA JAIN (ed). Australasian Studies of Japan: essays and Annotated Bibliography (1989–1996). Rockhampton, Queensland: Central Queensland University Press, 1998. 341 pp. Introduction, essays, annotated bibliography, index. $A34.95, paper.

SOUTH, WEST & CENTRAL ASIA

S. R. N. MURTHY. Vedic View of the Earth — aGeological Insight into the Vedas. Reconstructing Indian History and Culture, no. 14. New Delhi: D. K. Printworld, 1997. xxvi, 306 pp. Preface, figures, glossary, bibliography, index. Rs 400, hardcover.

SUBRATA K. MITRA and V. B. SINGH (eds). Democracy and Social Change in India: a Cross‐Sectional Analysis of the National Electorate. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1999. 339 pp. Introduction, tables, figures, appendices, bibliography, index. Rs 425, hardcover.

SOUTHEAST ASIA

ALBERT LAU. A Moment of Anguish: Singapore in Malaysia and the Politics of Disengagement. Singapore: Times Academic Press, 1998. viii, 312 pp. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, index. US$39.00, hardcover; US$25.00, paper (outside ASEAN and Hong Kong).

MICHAEL D. BARR. Lee Kuan Yew: the Beliefs Behind the Man. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, Monograph Series no. 85, 2000. £40.00, hardcover.

GENERAL ASIA

HUNG‐MAO TIEN and TUN‐JEN CHENG (eds). The Security Environment in the Asia‐Pacific. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2000. 368 pp. Tables, index. A$24.95, paper.     

上海市区有老人家庭居住需求与居住分异

上海是我国第一个进入老年型人口结构的城市。随着年龄的增长、生理心理状况的变化,老人对住宅的需求有一定的特殊性。居家养老模式下,老人的居住状况直接影响老人晚年的生活质量。以老人与子女居住空间距离为标准,可分为共居型、网络型和分离型三种居住类型。受经济、社会、文化及健康状况的影响,上海市区有老人家庭存在居住地段、住宅类型、住宅环境、社区为老服务等方面的分异。     

东洋文库藏现存满文圣经稿本介绍

从17世纪开始,许多欧洲传教士先后来到中国．他们出入清朝宫廷,得到信任。为了有利于布教,南怀仁、贺清泰等传教士不仅学会了清王朝官方语言——满语,而且以满语翻译了大量圣书。从研究满语的角度,本介绍了清朝时期来到中国的西方传教士以满语翻译圣书的情况．以供研究参考。     

景德镇明代洪武瓷的化学组成研究

明代洪武时期,景德镇开始设立御窑烧造宫廷用瓷,因此,对这批洪武瓷的研究一直是人们关注的问题。采用能量色散X荧光分析方法对景德镇和南京出土的数件洪武瓷样品作胎釉成分无损测试。结果表明,明洪武不同品种瓷器采用的釉料不同;官窑洪武青花瓷和蓝釉瓷的色料采用了低锰高铁特征的钴料;洪武瓷胎料使用了二元配方。