法律史研究的方向:法学化还是史学化

中国法律史研究应该走向 "法学化"还是 "史学化",是学界关心的重要问题。法律史学科位于法学学科建制中,长期以来研究主力为法学出身的学者。法学研究者重在对历史进行阐释、惯于演绎逻辑,常以西方法学概念、理论为前提,对中国法律进行评判,因此目前法律史研究出现的主要问题是史料基础薄弱、西方中心主义与现代化范式泛滥。近些年大量史学出身的研究者进入法律史领域,为法律史研究带来新气象。基于史学基础薄弱的现状,法律史研究应当走向史学化。在这一前提下,研究者个人应追求法史兼修,学界应加强分工合作。     

发现自西藏自治区的梵本《赞法界颂》（英文）

<正>1.General remarks Although the Dharmadbatustava(DDhS)has been ascribed to Nagarjuna,1 this attribution has been questioned by TSUKINOWA(1934)and SEYFORT RUEGG(1971:453-54)and rejected by LINDTNER(1982:10).2 Judging from its content,which shows significant influence from the tatbagatagarbha-tradition,the author of the DDhS cannot be the same as that of the Madhyamakakdrika.Another possible indication for the non-authenticity of this work is the fact that we do not find any Indian commentaries on it.     

论五代两宋时期北方山水画的特点

唐末至南宋是中国历史上政治相对混乱、战争频繁的时期,动乱的社会现状深深地影响了当时的绘画创作,主要表现为山水画创作的勃兴。其中荆浩、关仝、李成、范宽等人的山水创作,奠定了当时北方山水画发展的基础。     

秦始皇兵马俑博物馆陶器库室内空气质量评价与影响分析

文物存放环境空气质量的好坏对文物的保存至关重要,由于缺乏应有的保护,部分长期存放的文物局部表面出现物理污损、颜色变化或漆皮及彩绘起翘。因此,为了尽可能避免不良环境因素对文物的影响,需对其环境状况进行研究分析,以便制定科学的环境控制措施。为此,通过冬(2008年1月30日至3月3日)夏(2008年7月28日至8月22日)两季在秦俑博物馆陶器库开展室内空气质量调查研究工作,获得了大气气溶胶中水溶性离子、碳组分、SO2和NH3的质量浓度特征,同步进行了室内微气候的测定。结果显示,冬季PM2.5的平均质量浓度及所含主要水溶性离子浓度均高于夏季,并且同一时期室外均高于室内,但其中个别成分如Cl-及碳组分OC有机碳在夏季的库内浓度明显高于室外。此外有害气体NH3受高温及排放源影响其浓度表现出夏季库内高于库外,夏季高于冬季的现象。研究表明,库内微气候和污染物存在明显的季节差异。不同季节污染物的浓度及来源略有差异。部分污染物浓度偏高,可能会对库内存放的脆弱文物产生一定影响,需要采取一些防控措施。     

广西林业资源的开发和利用

广西林业资源丰富,用材林珍稀树种、特种材、优质材树种多,蕴藏量丰富,有国家一级保护植物18种,二级保护植物32种,三级保护39种;经济林名、优、特品种多。合理开发利用,资源稳步增长。进一步开发应向产业化、基地化、生态型发展。     

城市商业游憩区的形成及其空间结构分析

居民闲暇增加及对更高生活质量的追求,使城市建设更需考虑游憩功能的发挥。而旅游的城市化倾向,使城市越来越成为旅游吸引的中心,尤其是大城市的中心商业区成为本城居民和外来游客光顾的"聚焦点",发展非常迅速,继而成长为"商业游憩区"。本文阐明了城市商业游憩区研究的意义,探讨了城市商业游憩区形成的过程和动力机制,对城市商业游憩区的空间结构进行了分析,并以南京市湖南路商业街区为例进行了实证研究。     

汉代陶俑彩绘颜料表征分析

为了建立汉代彩绘工艺、彩绘颜料等方面的数据库,为跨地域横向对比研究及彩俑的中长期保护和博物馆展出提供科学依据,本研究利用MINLTA CR-300色度仪、X—Rite Spectrodensitometer密度仪、XTL系列显微镜分析方法,对汉代陶俑彩绘6种颜料层61个样品的色度数据和5件陶俑残片颜料密度值的分布范围和表面显微结构信息特征进行了系统的分析测试。在大量色度数据的收集分析基础上,构建球体色度容差评估模型。球体色度容差评估结果表明,黑色样品保存较为完好,橙红色色度腐蚀现象严重,橙红色陶俑样品较其他样品分布均匀。颜料密度分析表明,橙红色陶俑腿残片保存状况相对较好,表面的颜料层较均匀且致密。显微分析发现,5％B72乙醇体系对表面颜料加固中,B72加固剂的分散性好,颜料表面无明显变化,在陶俑彩绘颜料保护过程中,B72-乙醇体系是可以选择的。     

Prioritizing Disaster Mapping Tasks for Online Volunteers Based on Information Value Theory

In recent years, online volunteers have played important roles in disaster response. After a major disaster, hundreds of volunteers are often remotely convened by humanitarian organizations to map the affected area based on remote sensing images. Typically, the affected area is divided using a grid‐based tessellation, and each volunteer can select one grid cell to start mapping. While this approach coordinates the efforts of volunteers, it does not differentiate the priorities of different cells. As a result, volunteers may map grid cells in a random order. Due to the spatial heterogeneity, different cells may contain geographic information that is of different value to emergency responders. Ideally, cells that potentially contain more valuable information should be assigned higher priority for mapping. This article presents an analytical framework for prioritizing the mapping of cells based on the values of information contained in these cells. Our objective is to provide guidance for online volunteers so that potentially more important cells are mapped first. We present a method that is based on information value theory and focus on road networks. We apply this method to a number of simulated scenarios and to a real disaster mapping case from the 2015 Nepal earthquake.     

博物馆藏品展示的观念与视野

由博物馆藏品体系建构起的传统美学观念,如今正随着新博物馆学理论的影响而发生显著变化。作为核心价值的博物馆收藏,不仅是策展理念的重要来源,也是推动博物馆经济与文化影响力的关键因素。在全球新一轮博物馆技术变革浪潮的驱动下,通过当代策展、衍生品开发、文化营销等多种模式的整合利用,中国博物馆藏品展示的新理念与创造性正不断被激发出来,并以开阔的视野逐步构建起未来博物馆事业的格局。     

Modified Kaplan–Meier Estimator and Nelson–Aalen Estimator with Geographical Weighting for Survival Data

The Kaplan–Meier and Nelson–Aalen estimators are universally used methods in clinical studies. In a public health study, people often collect data from different locations of the medical services provider. When some studies need to consider survival curves from different locations, traditional estimators simply estimate the marginal survival curves using stratification. In this article, we use the idea from geographically weighted regression to add geographical weights to the observations to get modified versions of the Kaplan–Meier and Nelson–Aalen estimators which can represent the local survival curve and cumulative hazard. We use counting process methods to derive these modified estimators and to estimate their variances. In addition, we discuss some general spatial weighting functions which can be used in computing these estimators. Furthermore, we present simulation results to illustrate the performance of the modified estimators. Finally, we apply our method to prostate cancer data from the SEER cancer registry for the state of Louisiana.