九连墩楚墓出土璧玉、石磬和镶嵌物的科学分析

本文采用X射线衍射技术和X射线荧光分析技术对九连墩楚墓出土的璧玉、石磬和镶嵌物进行了物相分析和成分分析。结果表明璧玉的主要成分为透闪石,石磬的主要成分为方解石。同时对镶嵌物的分析表明当时可能采用的是红铜镶嵌技术。这次分析为九连墩出土文物的复仿制和进一步的保护工作提供了科学依据。     

Venereal disease prevention, Moral Welfare and civilized image: The Shanghai Moral Welfare Committee and the anti-prostitution campaign in the Shanghai International Settlement, 1918�C24

This paper focuses on the Shanghai Moral Welfare Committee (renamed the Shanghai Moral Welfare League in 1920), which was founded on May 16, 1918, following a decision made by seventeen foreign religious and secular charities of the Shanghai International Settlement. In 1919–24, the Municipal Council of the Shanghai International Settlement declared a five-year timeframe for gradually shutting down all the brothels under its administration. The few previous studies of this topic by European and American scholars mainly concentrated on the aspect of venereal disease prevention and the prohibition of prostitution, as well as the construction of gender, but they paid little attention to the Moral Welfare Committee as a primary advocate of this reform. As such, this event has been misrepresented as yet another story about the modernization and spiritual salvation of Chinese society by Western municipal authorities and moral reformers. However, the Committee, created by foreign moral reformers in Shanghai, was primarily focused on white males with venereal diseases and white prostitutes, in order to reestablish an image of the Western Christian countries as civilized in Chinese eyes. Underlying this effort was a strong sense—among foreign communities in China at that time—of superiority over Chinese society in both civilization and morality. However, this arrogance was rife with insecurities; foreign reformers lacked necessary confidence in their civilized image and in their capacity to set themselves up as a model for the moral discipline and salvation of the Chinese people.     

Comparison of celadon from the Yaozhou and Xicun kilns in the Northern Song Dynasty of China by X-ray fluorescence and microscopy

The Xicun kiln is a typical kiln for firing porcelains for export, including celadon, which imitates the products of the Yaozhou kilns. In this paper, 10 pieces of celadon from the Xicun kiln and 8 celadon samples from the Yaozhou kiln were analysed in situ non-destructively by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence microprobe and optical microscopy. The results indicated that the body of the Xicun celadon contained less TFe₂O₃, Cr, Sr and Zr, and more K₂O and Rb than that of the Yaozhou celadon. Also, the glaze of the Xicun celadon contained lower quantities of Sr and higher Rb; thus, these elements could be employed as relevant markers for the non-destructive discrimination of the provenance of Xicun celadon. In addition, the thicker glaze, the numerous bubbles, and the existence of the middle layer could be used as auxiliary indicators for a micro-structural distinction between samples from the Yaozhou kiln and those originating from Xicun.     

和谐理念下的慈善功能分析

慈善事业是我国社会保障体系的有机组成部分,和谐社会的构建离不开慈善事业的发展。慈善事业的发展程度是一个社会文明的具体标志。本文认为,在和谐社会构建中,慈善具有公民自我教育、缓和社会矛盾、提升公民意识等价值功能。     

发现自西藏自治区的梵本《赞法界颂》（英文）

<正>1.General remarks Although the Dharmadbatustava(DDhS)has been ascribed to Nagarjuna,1 this attribution has been questioned by TSUKINOWA(1934)and SEYFORT RUEGG(1971:453-54)and rejected by LINDTNER(1982:10).2 Judging from its content,which shows significant influence from the tatbagatagarbha-tradition,the author of the DDhS cannot be the same as that of the Madhyamakakdrika.Another possible indication for the non-authenticity of this work is the fact that we do not find any Indian commentaries on it.     

清代赏四团龙补服述略

赏四团龙补服是清代特有的赏赐制度,获赏之人资料星散于各典籍档案之中。本文以故宫博物院图书馆所藏档案和文献为基础,梳理了清代获赏四团龙补的人物及事迹,分析了清代君臣对赏四团龙补的态度,并结合清宫旧藏实物,论述赏四团龙补服的龙纹规制及赏与准穿的问题。     

法律史研究的方向:法学化还是史学化

中国法律史研究应该走向 "法学化"还是 "史学化",是学界关心的重要问题。法律史学科位于法学学科建制中,长期以来研究主力为法学出身的学者。法学研究者重在对历史进行阐释、惯于演绎逻辑,常以西方法学概念、理论为前提,对中国法律进行评判,因此目前法律史研究出现的主要问题是史料基础薄弱、西方中心主义与现代化范式泛滥。近些年大量史学出身的研究者进入法律史领域,为法律史研究带来新气象。基于史学基础薄弱的现状,法律史研究应当走向史学化。在这一前提下,研究者个人应追求法史兼修,学界应加强分工合作。     

晚清吉林果子楼的贡品管理

满人入关后,在东北地区逐渐建立起专门管理捕牲和采集贡品的机构,吉林果子楼就是其中之一。本文通过对吉林果子楼的设置、职官、建筑以及职能等事宜的梳理、讨论,揭示清廷对吉林围场动植物资源的保护与管理。同时,作者也阐释了该地自然资源与居民生活方式、社会习俗间的密切关系。     

马克思研究农村公社的动机和方法论——兼论走出“亚细亚生产方式”问题的困境

马克思分析前资本主义时代社会形态的方法论是从分析农村公社开始的。农村公社具有公有制和私有制二重性,前资本主义社会的历史发展过程就是农村公社中的公有制如何被私有制败坏的历史过程。深入研究马克思在各个时期研究农村公社的动机和方法论,不仅有助于我们认识马克思研究前资本主义时代社会形态这一方法论的科学性,而且有助于我们走出社会形态划分的争论和"亚细亚生产方式"问题的困境。     

关于建立地方志资料年报制度的若干思考

在简要总结历代及当代两轮修志中地方志资料工作不足之处的基础上,阐述建立地方志资料年报制度的必要性,认为建立地方志资料年报制度是古今修志实践经验的总结,是政府职能转变的必然要求,是新时期经济社会改革发展的客观要求,是贯彻落实《地方志工作条例》的内在要求。并对当前一些地方正在探索的年报制度进行评述,提出要不断完善地方志资料年报制度,做到年报编写制度和资料征集制度两者并重。