“飲中八仙”之聚散與天寶文學走向

"飲中八仙"是天寶初期形成的文人羣體,嗜酒、狂放、風神、才藝等共同特徵,是該羣體得以形成的關鍵因素。其存在時間從天寶元年秋末到天寶三年春初,只有一年又三個月。"飲中八仙"中,除了李適之確實與李林甫有政治上的交鋒外,目前尚無證據表明賀知章、李璡、李白、崔宗之等人參與了李適之與李林甫的鬥爭。但是,"飲中八仙"的交往,使他們陷入了微妙的政治猜忌,最終被迫解體。"飲中八仙"的解體,對天寶文學的發展走向産生了深刻影響,具體表現爲三個方面:一,開元以來統治集團的尚文傳統在天寶時期逐漸失落。二,文人聚集方式發生了變化,天寶時期普通文人與執政的宰輔大臣之間相當疏離,他們更多散落在各地,形成大小不一、數量衆多的文學羣落。三,天寶文學的内容和題材與此前相比,發生了明顯的變化。     

陕西华阴兴乐坊遗址动物遗存分析

一、前言兴乐坊遗址位于陕西华阴市桃下镇兴乐坊村南侧,北依渭水,南靠秦岭山脉。2009年3～7月,陕西省考古研究院和渭南市文物保护考古研究所在该遗址发掘了约1000平方米,发现庙底沟文化时期的灰坑52个、窑址3座、墓葬1座、瓮棺葬1座,出土丰富的遗物。同时对遗址中采集     

中日对抗与公共卫生事业领导权的较量——对"南满洲"铁路、港口中心城市的观察(1901-1911)

1905年日俄战争之后,日本在南满控制区域内的铁路、港口中心城市大力推进公共卫生事业,与此同时,中国官府也积极创办当地公共卫生事业,双方就公共卫生事业领导权展开激烈的竞争和较量,并在一定程度上改善了某些特定区域的卫生环境。然而,由于这是一种扩张/反抗的展开模式,在疾病治疗和预防疾病之外被赋予了更多的政治考量,致使城市贫民区与乡村的医疗卫生条件并未得到重点关注和大量投入,很长一段时间内该地区仍然疾病丛生,恶性传染病蔓延。在这个意义上,日本推进的公共卫生事务自然有其殖民主义扩张、帝国主义统治处心积虑、老谋深算的一面,中国官府和社会的自强卫生、救国医学则或可被视为一种不得已的推进方式。     

提高学生兴趣 学好高中物理

激发学生学习物理的兴趣是提高教学质量的关键。在物理教学中,教师应该尽自己最大的能力把物理课题以新奇的方式揭示在学生面前,能使课堂气氛活跃、引入入胜,从而培养学生的学习兴趣,并在乐趣中获得知识、巩固知识。     

新教材背景下初中数学教学的实施

数学教学的核心是学生的再创造,让学生经历知识的再创造过程,培养了学生的创造性思维。学生从教师的教转向主动地学,在教师的指导下去建构数学知识,为学生能够顺利地用数学知识解决实际问题奠定了良好的知识基础。     

Shake Table Test and Numerical Analysis of a Bridge Model Supported on Elastomeric Pad Bearings

Elastomeric pad bearings are widely applied in short- to medium-span girder bridges in China, with the superstructure restrained by reinforced concrete (RC) shear keys in the transverse direction. Field investigations after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake reveal that bearing systems had suffered the most serious damage, such as span falling, bearing displaced, and shear key failure, while the piers and foundations underwent minor damage. As part of a major study on damage mechanism and displacement control method for short- to medium-span bridges suffered in Wenchuan earthquake, a 1:4 scale, two-span bridge model supported on elastomeric pad bearings were recently tested on shake tables at Tongji University, Shanghai. The bridge model was subjected to increasing levels of four seismic excitations possessing different spectral characteristics. Two restraint systems with and without the restraint of RC shear keys were tested. A comprehensive analytical modeling of the test systems was also performed using OpenSees. The experimental results confirmed that for the typical bridges on elastomeric pad bearings without RC shear keys, the sliding effect of the elastomeric pad bearings plays an important role in isolation of ground motions and, however, lead to lager bearing displacement that consequently increases the seismic risk of fall of span, especially under earthquakes that contain significant mid-period contents or velocity pulse components. It is suggested from the test results that RC shear keys should be elaborately designed in order to achieve a balance between isolation efficiency and bearing displacement. Good correlation between the analytical and the experimental data indicates that the analytical models for the bearing and RC shear key as well as other modeling assumptions were appropriate.     

Evidence for a Neolithic Age fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system in the lower Yangtze River Delta,China

Establishing stable cropping systems was vital in antiquity, assuring certain yields and enabling ancient people to settle, thus possibly causing various modern food habits and culture to form around the world, especially in cereal-cultivation-dominated countries. China, one of the most famous ancient agricultural countries, has a long history of rice planting, and the fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system is prevalent in the lower Yangtze region, which is considered a rice domestication center. However, its origin and cultivation pattern remain unclear. We studied a famous agricultural vestige, the Chuodun site, involved in rice planting in the lower Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, during the Neolithic Age. Clear evidence from archaeology, paleobiology, pedology and biogeochemistry suggest both that the rice fire-irrigation cultivation system formed during the Neolithic Age and that ancient peoples lived there steadily. Under this extensive cultivation system, soil structures and properties changed significantly; in particular, it left more black carbon in the soil and increased the organic carbon soil stability, which can be used to reconstruct prehistoric environments. Meanwhile, the prevalent fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system used by farmers in this area, though for a different purpose than ancient people, may be inherited from the Neolithic Age.     

Approaches to the Archaeology of Ethnogenesis: Past and Emergent Perspectives

Recently, interest in the archaeology of ethnogenesis has surged. This renewed interest stems from innovations in the historical study of ethnogenesis, theoretical shifts favoring multidirectional agency, and relevant contemporary sociopolitical debates. Theoretical problems surrounding the appropriateness of the social science concept of “ethnicity,” however, have made the comparative study of ethnogenesis difficult. Drawing from past and emergent perspectives adds renewed vigor to comparative studies of ethnogenesis. A methodology that integrates the different types of theory can resolve the theoretical tensions in the archaeological study of ethnogenesis.     

论三门峡秦人洞室墓的年代

本文在分析三门峡秦人墓中洞室墓各型式的基础上,对各型式墓葬的年代分别进行了讨论,进而认为,三门峡秦人墓中的洞室墓最早出现于战国晚期,并一直延续到西汉中期.     

刘喜海年谱

刘喜海,字吉甫,号燕庭(又作燕亭、砚庭),别号三巴子,祖籍山东诸城.室名嘉荫簃、味经书屋、十七树梅花山馆、来凤堂等.