南京江宁上坊谢家山出土“天乙”滑石猪与司命信仰——也谈玉石猪手握的丧葬意义

南京江宁上坊谢家山出土一对滑石猪手握,其腹部的"天"、"乙"刻铭应连读为"天乙",即古代星官和神祇"天一"的别写。在汉六朝时期的观念中,天一与北斗有密切关系,都属于司命信仰的一部分。此信仰汉晋时偏于北斗,多见于一般文献;六朝时偏于天一,多见于道教文献。汉六朝时期流行的玉石猪手握即是此种司命信仰的表现。由于在六朝时,其中北斗部分已由七星板来代表,玉石猪更偏向于天一的部分。这一倾向可能与道教对传统信仰的继承和发展有关。     

先秦遗址出土朱砂的化学鉴定和产地判断方法评述

朱砂作为颜料或墓底铺垫在黄河流域和长江流域的众多先秦考古遗址中都有发现,然而现代朱砂矿藏则主要集中分布在我国的西南地区。因此,先秦时代很可能存在某种形式的广域交换网络,促成了朱砂和其他物品的远距离传播。经过对国内外朱砂产地相关研究方法的评述,可知采用硫同位素和汞同位素相结合的方法对古人可能利用的汞矿的朱砂样本和考古遗址出土的朱砂样本进行采样分析,有望重建先秦朱砂交换网络。     

First Evidence Of The Use Of Freshwater Pearls As A Cosmetic In Ancient China: Analysis Of White Makeup Powder From A Northern Song Dynasty Lv Tomb (Lantian,Shaanxi Province,China)

The Lv family tombs in Lantian, Shaanxi Province are one of the most important archaeological sites of China in recent years, providing numerous objects and a wealth of information for the study of the history of the Northern Song dynasty. There were a large number of exquisite cultural relics unearthed from the tombs, including one porcelain box containing white powder, which was identified as women's makeup. The phase composition, microstructure, thermal properties and characteristics of the trace elements in the unearthed white cosmetic powder were comprehensively analysed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry – thermogravimetry (DSC–TG), Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) microscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP–AES). The white makeup powder was determined to be a product made from high‐quality freshwater pearls. These results, for the first time, showed evidence that freshwater pearl powder was used as a cosmetic in ancient China using archaeological objects, providing scientific evidence and new clues to enrich and expand research into the ancient Chinese cosmetic materials.     

A Rock‐Magnetic Quest for Possible Ore Sources for the Ancient Iron‐Smelting Industry in the Olkhon Region (Lake Baikal,Siberia)

Rock‐magnetic techniques were used to examine the topsoil layer of Kurma archaeological site (in the Olkhon region, on the north‐western coast of Lake Baikal, Siberia) in an effort to determine the possible sources of iron ores for iron‐smelting centres (at about the bc /ad boundary). Measurements have shown a magnetic enhancement of the topsoil due to magnetite grains resulting from weathering of strongly magnetic crystalline rocks. They have also revealed a preliminary picture of the distribution of strongly magnetic topsoils around the ancient iron‐smelting centres. Perhaps, in addition to traditional sources of raw materials, the ancient metallurgists used black sand talus as an ore deposit.     

Development of Collaborative Structure Analysis (CSA) System and Its Application to Investigate Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction

In this article, a collaborative structure analysis (CSA) system is developed for integrating different finite-element simulation programs. In this system, a simulated structure is divided into multiple substructures, and the interaction between the substructures is considered. Interfaces for the commercial finite-element program ABAQUS and for an open-source framework for structure analysis, OpenSees, are developed to achieve CSA integration. The CSA system is applied to analysis of a soil-structure interaction (SSI) problem, and the effects of SSI are investigated, and the efficiency and accuracy of the system are demonstrated.     

Discrimination Against Floating Migrants in China:Take Rural-to-Urban Migrants in Beijing As An Example

This essay firstly examines the destiny of rural-to-urban migrants in Beijing, the capital of China. Relying on data collected from representative survey, the essay then provides the demographic profil...     

《贩书偶记》“子部·释家类·一切经音义二十六卷”条辨疑

通过辨析孙殿起所著<贩书偶记>"子部·释家类·一切经音义二十六卷"条,我们可为之增补两条新的版本信息1.该抄本为高邮王氏家传之书.2.该抄本的底本是最早不超过明英宗正统五年(1440)的永乐北藏本,或是更晚至顺治、康熙间刊刻的嘉兴藏本.     

宴会、礼仪与地位——关于赣东北某村宴会礼仪的饮食人类学透视

一、问题的提出饮食人类学自二战后兴起以来,得到了较快发展。20世纪70年代,饮食人类学在美国已颇为流行;而到20世纪80年代之前,饮食人类学甚至被喻为“成果丰富、不胜枚举”1。但作为一门学科,饮食人类学在中国还很落后,“其研究内容尚不明确,理论和研究方法等还不成熟”2。饮食人类学作为人类学分支之一,其关心的问题不局限于饮食本身,而是要“阐明人们通过饮食的生产与消费行为生产并实践何种意义,即权利、地位、认同感、对目前以及未来生活的解释、回顾历史等等是通过饮食的生产与消费实践的”3。具体来说,其内容涵盖食物研究、饮食习俗…     

《容成氏》所见舜帝事迹考

《容成氏》是上海博物馆所藏战国楚竹书之一,其所叙述的有关舜的事迹可概括为：舜之出身;尧访舜;舜立禹、后稷、皋陶、质为官;舜举禹并禅以天下;尧举舜并禅以天下等事。《容成氏》在内容上并没有超出我们从儒家传统文献中记载的古史知识范畴,只是系统化、局部上概括化了古代帝王的记载。     

试论"中国旺苍红军城"的保护和发展

“中国旺苍红军城”现存大量清代古民居建筑,为川陕革命根据地后期首府。在红军城的保护中,应制定重点保护区和一般保护区的整治措施,明确环境整治的内容,并根据古镇特点制定展示路线,以达到保护古城的目的。