Book reviews

S. Schafer, The Political Criminal: The Problem of Morality and Crime, Free Press, New York, 1974, pp. 179, $8.95.

Audrey Williamson, Thomas Paine: His Life. Work and Times, London, George Allen & Unwin. 1973, pp. 296, $14.40.

Anthony Clunies Ross and John Langmore, eds, Alternative Strategies for Papua New Guinea, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1973, pp. viii + 263, $5.95.

Frank Stevens, Aborigines in the Northern Territory Cattle Industry, ANU Press, Canberra, 1974, pp. xiv + 226, $7.95.

K. Lindgren, H. H. Mason and B. L. J. Gordon, The Corporation and Australian Society, Law Book Co., Sydney, 1974, pp. v + 334, $14.50.

J. R. Davis and P. Spearritt, Sydney at the Census: 1971 A Social Atlas, Urban Research Unit, ANU, Canberra, 1974.     

Reviews

A THEORY OP FOREIGN POLICY. George Modelski. London, Pall Mall Press, 1962. Pp. xiv + 152. Stg. 21/‐.

THE CONTROL OP THE ARMS RACE. Hedley Bull. For the Institute for Strategic Studies. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1961. Pp. xiv + 215. Stg. 12/6.

SOCIALISM IN THE NEW SOCIETY. Douglas Jay. London, Longmans, 1962. Pp. vi + 414. Australian price 42/3.

THE CONSPIRATORS: A STUDY OF THE COUP D'ETAT. D. J. Goodspeed. London, Macmillan & Co., 1962. Pp. xii + 252. Australian price 31/‐.

ELOGE DU COLONIALISME: ESSAI SUR LES REVOLUTIONS D'ASIE. Julien Cheverny. Paris, Rene Julliard, 1961. Pp. 372.

THE KREMLIN SINCE STALIN. Wolfgang Leonhard. Translated from the German by Elizabeth Wiskemann and Marian Jackson. London, O.U.P., 1962. Pp. 403. Australian price 62/‐.

EAST CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE WORLD: DEVELOPMENTS IN THE POST‐STALIN ERA. Stephen D. Kertesz (ed.). University of Notre Dame. Press, 1962. Pp. x + 386. Price, U.S. $6.50.

THE ACTION FRANCAISE. Edward R. Tannenbaum. N.Y., John Wiley & Sons, 1962. Pp. x + 316. U.S. $7.50.

TOWARDS A MALAYAN NATION. T. H. Silcock. Singapore, Eastern Universities Press, 1961. Pp. vi + 112. Malayan price $5.

JAREN VAN RECONSTRUCTS: NIEUW‐GUINEA VAN 1949 TOT 1961. C. S. I. J. Lagerberg. ’s Hertogenbosch, Zuid‐Nederlandsche Drukkerij N. V., 1962. Pp. 232. 10 Guilders.

AUSTRALIAN DIPLOMACY AND JAPAN, 1945–1951. B. N. Rosecrance. Melbourne, M.U.P., 1961. Pp. xii + 288. Australian price 45/‐.

AUCUPARIUS: RECOLLECTIONS OF A RECRUITING OFFICER. Ralph Furse. London, O.U.P., 1962. Pp. xv + 330. Stg. 35/‐.     

Reviews

NEGOTIATION FROM STRENGTH: A STUDY IN THE POLITICS OF POWER. Coral Bell. London, Chatto & Windus, 1962. Pp. 224. Stg. 21/‐.

ARMS INSPECTION. Lawrence S. Finkelstein. N.Y., Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (International Conciliation No. 540), 1962. Pp. 89. 50 cents.

THE SPREAD OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS. Leonard Beaton and John Maddox. For the Institute for Strategic Studies (Studies in International Security, No. 5). London, Chatto & Windus, 1962. Pp. xi + 216. Stg. 18/‐.

THE REVOLUTION IN WORLD POLITICS. Morton A. Kaplan (Ed.). New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1962. Pp. xxii + 477. U.S. $7.96.

POLITICAL CHANGE IN UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES: NATIONALISM AND COMMUNISM. Edited with an original essay by John H. Kautsky. New York, London, John Wiley and Sons, 1962. Pp. xv + 347. U.S. $3.95.

THE POLITICS OF THE NEW STATES: A SELECT ANNOTATED. BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE COMMON‐ WEALTH. Francis Carnell. For the Institute of Commonwealth Studies. London, Oxford University Press, 1961. Pp. xvi + 171. Australian price 23/6d.

INDEPENDENCE AND AFTER: REVOLUTION IN UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES. Richard Harris. Under the auspices of the Institute of Race Relations. London, New York, Oxford University Press, 1962. Pp. 69.

WHITE MAN. Gustav Jahoda. London, Oxford University Press, 1961. Pp. xii + 144. Australian price 34/9d.

PROSPERO'S MAGIC. Philip Mason, London, Oxford University Press, 1961. Pp. viii + 151. Australian price 29/9d.

BRITAIN AND THE CONGO IN THE 19TH CENTURY. Roger Anstey. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1962. Pp. xiii + 252. Australian price 66/3d.

KING LEOPOLD'S CONGO. Ruth Slade. London, Oxford University Press, 1962. Pp. xii + 219. Australian price 49/9d.

MY LIFE. Alhaji Sir Akmadu Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto. Cambridge University Press, 1962. Pp. x + 239. Stg. 30/‐.

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA. G. W. Kingsnorth. Cambridge University Press, 1962. Pp. viii + 155. Stg. 17/6.

EAST AFRICA THROUGH CONTEMPORARY RECORDS. Zoë Marsh. Cambridge University Press, 1961. Pp. xxi + 215. Stg. 25/‐.

THE EAST AFRICAN COAST: SELECT DOCUMENTS FROM THE FIRST TO THE EARLIER NINETEENTH CENTURY. G. S. P. Freeman‐Grenville. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1962. Pp. 303. Australian price 62/3d.

BELGIAN ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONGO, Georges Brauseh, Pp. 92, Stg. 7/6; TRAGEDY IN ALGERIA, Gerard Mansell, Pp. 77, Stg. 6/‐. London, Oxford University Press, 1961.

FRENCH‐SPEAKING WEST AFRICA. Philip Neres. Pp. 101; SENEGAL. Michael Crowder. Pp. 104. Stg. 7/6; ANGOLA: A SYMPOSIUM, Pp. 160. Stg. 9/6, London, Oxford University Press, 1962.

THE NEW SOCIETIES OF TROPICAL AFRICA. Guy Hunter. London, Oxford University Press, 1962. Pp. xx + 360. Australian price 65/‐.

SOUTH AFRICA: THE DYNAMICS OF THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS. Edward Feit. For the Institute of Race Relations. London, Oxford University Press, 1962. Pp. 73. Australian price 12/6d.

THE PEOPLES AND POLICIES OF SOUTH AFRICA. Leo Marquard. Third Edition. London, Oxford Paperbacks, Pp. 284. Australian price 14/3d.

RECOGNITION OF COMMUNIST CHINA? Robert P. Newman. New York, Macmillan Co., 1961. Pp. xii + 318. Australian price, paper 21s., cloth 53s. 6d.

HURRICANE PROM CHINA. Denis Warner. New York, Macmillan Co., 1961. Pp. ix + 210. Australian price, 42s. 9d.

COMMUNES AND THE AGRICULTURAL CRISIS IN COMMUNIST CHINA. Philip P. Jones and Thomas T. Poleman. Stanford, Pood Research Institute, Stanford University, 1962.

ANGLO‐DUTCH RIVALRY IN THE MALAY WORLD, 1780–1824. Nicholas Tarling. Cambridge University Press and University of Queensland Press, 1962. Pp. 189. Australian price 37/6d.

SEATO: SIX STUDIES. George Modelski (ed.). For the Australian National University. Melbourne, F. W. Cheshire, 1962. Pp. xxxiv + 302. Australian price 75/‐d.     

Police and Political Violence in the 1960s and 1970s: Germany and Italy in a Comparative Perspective

Notwithstanding the significant differences between the German and Italian police models (federal and civil vs. centralised and militarised), in both countries the confrontation with the protest movements of the 1960s and 1970s had a profound impact on police conceptions and public order strategies. Police forces in some German federal states (West Berlin) followed a hard line until the late 1960s, while in others (Munich, Hamburg) reforms to the Weimar-centred police intervention tactics took place beginning in the early to mid-1960s. In Italy, traditional police conceptions and strategies remained largely unchanged and re-emerged in 1968. Here, a movement from within the police led to the demilitarisation and unionisation of the state police in 1981. In both countries, fighting left-wing terrorism in the 1970s stimulated technical modernisation and enhanced the centralisation of the police. In critical response to police tactics, in the late 1970s Germany police matters were increasingly perceived as a concern not only of the state but of civil society—even if policing remained a highly contested terrain. In Italy, such matters largely remained state concerns in which only politicians and internal security specialists were entitled to intervene.     

Stapedial footplate fixation in a 4000-year-old temporal bone from Franzhausen II,Austria

In one of 185 temporal bones from 100 individuals excavated from the Bronze Age cemetery Franzhausen II in Lower Austria, stapedial footplate fixation was detected, in a 16–20-year-old male. Examination by surgical microscope, flexible endoscope and computed tomography revealed that the stapes footplate is almost completely fixed into the oval window, with abnormal bone formation in its anterior end. As shown by computed tomographic imaging there were no radiolucent zones around the cochlea, which can sometimes be seen in modern patients with cochlear otosclerosis. Most findings lead to the conclusion that this case of a stapes ankylosis nearly 4000 years ago is probably due to otosclerosis.     

Stem Cell Policies in the United States and in Germany

The article compares policymaking in the field of human embryonic stem cell research in the United States and in Germany. Although experimental research with human stem cells is controversial in both countries, restrictions on research are much more strict in Germany than in the United States. In order to explain the contrast between the United States and Germany in dealing with human embryonic stem cell research and to predict possible future developments, we need to look carefully at a number of important differences in the interpretations and discourses of embryonic stem cell research and their consequences for the strategies of institutions and actors in the political-regulatory realm.