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81.
Book reviews     
THE MIND OF EAST ASIA, Lily Abegg. (338 pp. with Index). Translated from the German. Thames and Hudson; London, New York.

BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES: Problems in Co‐operation. A joint report prepared by Henry L. Roberts and Paul A. Wilson. London. Royal Institute of International Affairs. Pp. 224. Price 8/6 sterling. 1953.

D?R LAUTLOSE AUFSTAND. BERICHT VEBER DIE WIDER‐STANDSBEWEGUNG DES DEUTSCHEN VOLKES 1933–1945. Herausgegeben von Guenther Weissenborn. Rowohlt Verlag Hamburg. Pp. 348.

“EASTERN AND WESTERN WORLD”: Selected Readings with a foreword by S. Hofstra. Issued under the auspices of the Netherlands Foundation for International Co‐operation and published by W. Van Hoeve Ltd., The Hague, Bandung. 1953. Pp. 181.

NATIONALISM AND SOCIAL COMMUNICATION. By Karl W. Deutsch. John Wiley & Sons, N. Y. viii and 292.

BURMA UNDER THE JAPANESE: By Thakin Nu. Pictures and Portraits, Edited and translated with Introduction by J. S. Furnivall. Macmillan, London. 1954. Pp. xxviii and 132. Price 12s 6d.

COMMODITY TRADE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT—Report of a Committee appointed by the Secretary‐General, United Nations, Published by the United Nations, 1953.  相似文献   

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Cet article est le texte d'une adresse presenté au Premier Seminaire international relatif à l'ekistique et à l'avenir des établissements Humains, tenu à Athènes, juillet 1965. Le tourisme est l'une des trois migrations caractéristiques de notre époque (les deux autres étant la migration de la campagne à la ville et celle du domicile au lieu de travail). Les restrictions sur le tourisme sont devenues progressivement moins impérieuses; continueront-elles dans ce sens, ou vont-elles s'imposer de nouveau? Sous plusieurs aspects, le tourisme se développe à un rythme qui atteint 25 pour cent par an. Ceci ne peut pas continuer, et ne devrait pas, puisque éventuellement l'accroisement de tourisme de masse doit avoir pour résultat une diminution du plaisir collectif. Ce phénomène se produit déjà avec l'automobile en particulier, maintenant que les nombres des voitures en circulation dans les autres parties du monde approchent de la densité existente en Amérique du Nord. Il est probable que la même déteriotation se produira pour les voyages outre-mer, que se font en majeure partie par avion. Pour les pays sous-developpés, le tourisme extérieur peut apporter des immenses bénéfices, comme le prouve l'exemple de l'Espagne. Mais, ces pays sont en fait exporteurs d'une resource naturelle—la beauté de leurs paysages—qui peut-être ne leur sera plus disponible quand ils auront en fin les moyens d'y prendre plaisir eux-même. Si, comme croit C. A. Doxiadis, le monde devient une immense ville—Ecumenopolis—les problèmes de tourisme pourront bien devenir insurmontables. En tout cas, si l'homogenéité du milieu urban continue à s'accroître, est-ce que les gens manifesteront la volonté de visiter un Paris, un Londres, un Peking, qui ont tous le même aspect, l'aspect bien connu de chez eux? Mais nous devons nous méfier des predictions sceptiques: quoi qu'il arrive il se peut que des standards différents permettent de trouver plaisir dans le tourisme à l'avenir, aussi bien qu'aujourd'hui.  相似文献   
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Sutton and Lawless review a selection of the prolific literature on the Maghreb's human geography published from the late 1970s onward. The pedigree of the discipline in Maghreb was established by several notable geographers who lived, researched, and wrote there. Augustin Bernard's writings on rural settlement, his atlas, and study of Algeria are still cited. Jean Despois's regional study with Raynal and his work on Tunisia, together with the detailed rural research of Jean Poncet, provides a particularly rich coverage for that country. Jean Dresch's early work on Morocco exemplified an early critique of the contemporaneous uncritical colonial human geography. The Sahara's fascination also inspired pioneering studies by Robert Capot-Rey. The work of these notables and others provided a solid background of geographical literature on the Maghreb to be supplemented, criticized, and challenged by more recent researchers, sometimes pupils of the above individuals, and increasingly North African by birth. The tradition of general texts on the Maghreb has continued, though increasingly with systematic approaches replacing regional appraisals. The geography of the decolonization of the Maghreb by Isnard has been replaced by a study summarizing recent collaborative work by a team of French geographers. The Saharan extensions of the Maghreb states have often been linked in general works, sometimes being juxtaposed against the Maghreb as in the essays offered to Jean Despois. Lawless and Findlay's collaborative study juxtaposes geographical studies of each country's economic development with political scientists' evaluations of their sociopolitical development. This review limits itself largely to geographers and geographical journals, only occasionally including significant works from other subject areas, and to 1977-1978 publications, with a few notable exceptions. The spatial juxtaposition of contrasting approaches to economic development, liberal market economy approaches by Tunisia and Morocco arguably leading to dependency, and centrally-planned strategies by Algeria and Libya resulting in bureaucratic constraints serves to offer the Maghreb as a pertinent case-study region for the applied geographer of developing countries.  相似文献   
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Basic climatic elements and factors of climate formation in the Central Economic Region are assessed with a view toward improving methods of short-term forecasting. More specifically, analysis of the spatial variation of radiation, evaporation, and turbulent heat transfer, patterns of the most economically significant climatic elements; and trends in temperature and precipitation relative to long-term means sets the stage for a discussion of problems in forecasting the length of the heating season and in predicting precipitation anomalies one year into the future (translated by Andrew R. Bond).  相似文献   
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Night-time light (NTL) satellite imagery can provide unique insights into the energy sector. Nevertheless, there are limited studies that have systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship between electricity consumption and NTL. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a systematic review of studies that have explored this relationship. The review identified over 200 regression models estimating electricity consumption using NTL satellite images. The key finding of the review was that there was a large variability in regression performance for model prediction of electricity consumption from NTL imagery, indicating a need for further work to refine the techniques and approaches in this emerging field of remote sensing research. The level of spatial aggregation had an important influence on model performance with larger geographical areas, such as countries or states, providing better estimations.  相似文献   
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Abstract

This article contributes to a feminist geographic analysis of how urban food and health environments and non-communicable disease experience may be being constructed, and contested, by healthcare professionals (local elites) in two secondary Ugandan cities (Mbale and Mbarara). I use thematic and group interaction analysis of focus group data to explore material and discursive representations. Findings make explicit how healthcare professionals had a tendency to prescribe highly classed and gendered assumptions of bodies and behaviours in places and in daily practices. The work supports the discomfort some have felt concerning claims of an African nutrition transition, and is relevant to debates regarding double burden malnutrition. I argue that a feministic analysis, and an intersectional appreciation of people in places, is advantageous to food and health-related research and policy-making. Results uncover and deconstruct a dominant patriarchal tendency towards blaming women for obesity. Yet findings also exemplify the co-constructed and malleable nature of knowledge and understandings, and this offers encouragement.  相似文献   
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